Faraj Popper ee. Afeef iyo provability

qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad ahayd markii ugu markii halkaas waxaa joogay a horumarinta dhalaalaya falsafada ah positivism. In qarnigii 20aad, horaantii 1900, waxaa la sameeyay by loogu yeero saynisyahano Vienna Circle kuwaas oo loo arko cilmiga ku haboon, waxay yihiin muhiimka ah ee aadanaha, inkasta oo qaar badan oo ka mid ah naftooda humanists ahaayeen. Waxaa ka mid ah xubno ka mid ah Circle Vienna waa gaar ahaan muhiim ah ahaa Karl Popper. daahfurtay in uu ahaayeen kuwo aad u muhiim ah. Faraj Popper ee khuseeyaa ma aha oo kaliya in ay sayniska, laakiin sidoo kale ku dhaqanka garsoorka.

Professor cadhooday?

Herr Popper ahaa macalin qof aad u adag. Waxa uu eryi kari waayeen ardayga la muxaadaro waayo khilaafka yar ama su'aal doqon. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuwa doonaya in ay isaga dhegaysataan, had iyo jeer ahaa mid aad u badan. Si falsafadda ah Popper walaacsan deh muhiim ah, ardayda uu ugu baaqay in ay si madax banaan u malayn, laakiin codka at casharo uu ahaa ganacsi khatar ah. Gaar ahaan haddii arday kasta oo la weydiiyay hadii ay suurto gal tahay in aad dalbato mabda'a falsifiability in mabda'a falsifiability. Waxa uu ahaa ku filan in la yidhaahdo waa hadal tautological fudud indhaha macalinka ayaa casaan ah. Waa maxay mabda'a Popper?

Sayniska wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin

Si aad u akhriso qoraalka, mala-awaal ah ama aragti sayniska, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay tahay in mabda 'suurto gal ku doodeen. Faraj Popper ayaa sheegay in ay jirto feature beenayn la sooci karo aqoonta sayniska. Haddii wax aan la disproved karo, markaas isagii iyo aad aanu caddayn karayn. Sidoo kale waxaa jira shuruud ah si loo hubiyo in ereyada ahaa ku filan oo nadiif ah, ama weedh, fikrad ama aragti lumin refutable. Haddii ay tahay wax aan macquul aheyn in ay ku doodeen aqoonta loo arkaa, ka dibna ay u taageeraan oo kaliya isaga samaynaya pseudoscience.

Falsity aan la xaqiijiyay

Faraj Popper ayaa sheegay in aqoon, adigoo aan la beenin ah uusan daruuri been ah. mabaadi'da badan oo metaphysical, tusaale ahaan, been ma aha, waxay si fudud ridis ah - taas oo ah, in ay ansax ma lagu caddayn karo. Waxaan kaliya ma oga, oo ma ogaan karaa oo dhan. Maxaa kala bixiyc aqoon Popper si toos ah ka dhigaysa pseudoscience?

Gaar ahaan laga shakiyo in this ixtiraam, aqoonta wax-u fahmayn. Waxay waxaa sida caadiga ah aad u ballaaran diyaariyey, qof kasta oo isku dayi kartaa inaad ka heli Xaqiijisay ah haddii la doonayo. Inta badan oo ka mid ah mabaadiida fahmayn oo aan la baari karin, si aqoonta noocan ah waa in loo arkaa in ay tahay wax soo saarka iyo raaxo aadanaha abuuray firaaqada. Laakiin ha lagu daweeyo aad u halis ah.

ganacsi Arkansas

Sida ku xusan, bixiyc isticmaalo Popper iyo fiqiga. Sidaas darteed, dhacdo iyo waxbaridda creationism dugsiyada ayaa la caddeeyey in cilmiga tani ma la oran karo waa sida qayb ka mid ah cilmiga dabiiciga ah, oo waa inay qaataan meel in koorsada diinta, tan iyo aqoonta noocan oo aan lagu caddayn karo oo guuleeysteen. dhacdadan ka dib markii, 1982, mabda 'tani waxay ahayd in loo isticmaalo mustaqbalka haddii go'aamin doonaa in sayniska ama ridis ah, in kasta oo dacwadda ah ee noocan oo kale ah - failed xitaa ka mid ah Americans jecel inay dacwayn.

Sidaas daraaddeed, Karl Popper aasaaskii fahamka sayniska casriga ah la dhigay. In uu ahaa awoodaan in ay caddeeyaan waxa markii qof noo muuqataa wax iska cad. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma si cad haddii aan dib ugu yeeran caanka ah ee esotericism ...