Dmitrov galaas Factory: taariikhda, dhaqan, casriga

In nolosha maalin kasta ee galaas Ruush la soo bandhigay ee Peter I. gacanta regal Under oo uu ku xukumay, suxuunta ayaa laga keeno Europe, waxaan jeclahay oo sida la heli jiray dad qani ah oo kaliya. Wax yar ka dib, qaybood galaas la soo bandhigay sida hadiyad qiimo leh. Ka dib markii china, ugu qiimaha badan ahaayeen noocyada Yurub (Sevres, Meysensy) ay iibsatay ayaa qaatay xaddi weyn oo lacag, in uu ahaa gabi ahaanba aan cududaar. In 1744 Empress Elizabeth ku amray in la dhiso a "galaas Manufactory" u dhow St. Petersburg, sida Zaman ee galaas Ruush. Dmitrov galaas Factory sameeyey taariikhda sida warshad ugu horeysay ee gaar loo leeyahay.

Franz Gardner oo bedelay dejinta

Muddo dheer wax soo saarka galaas waxay ahayd oo kaliya in awooda gobolka, laakiin mar walba waxaa jira milkiilaha gaar ah oo doonaya inay u tartamaan haddii aadan, ka dibna dhigi shirkadda ganacsi madax bannaan. In 1766 ee England Frants Yakovlevich Gardner, oo ku saleysan warshad Urusova jira furay warshad gaar ah. The hawsha ugu muhiimsan ee ganacsadaha ahaa u doonaya in la soo xareeyo Yurub ee galaas tartamaan, iyo ka kaxeeyo suuqa, uu bedelay wax soo saarka oo tayo leh guriga. Isagoo ka hadlayay in hadalkiisaa casri ah, wuxuu go'aansaday inuu "importozamestit" alaabta Yurub oo isku day lagu guulaystay.

Waayo, ururka ganacsiga ee alaabta ceeriin kaalinta koowaad loo baahan yahay, iyo Gardner, uu kormeeray dalka oo dhan, laga helay deposit dhoobo in Chernihiv (Little Russia) a. Si taas loo sameeyo promashek oo aan loo cusboonaysiiyo giraangirta, ayuu khabiir arrinta - Franz Gattenberga (University of professor Geneva). Oo sidaas daraaddeed si fiican u tageen in ka 1777 si ay u 1783 Warshadda ayaa la sii daayay afar bilad adeegiddii reer Empress Catherine II oo la soo bandhigay iyada ku. waayo-aragnimo waxa uu ahaa guul ah, milkiilaha warshad soo booqday dhagaystayaasha ugu sareeya hoygii reer boqor, ka dib markii taas oo uu xaq u leeyahay in ay ku riday stamp la image ee jubbadda hubka ee Moscow, taas oo ka dhigan in ay calaamaddu ku tayada.

ganacsade guul

Franz Gardner, oo ay la socdaan alaabta waslad, ayaa wax soo saarka mass of weelka galaas. The shaqaalaha oo kuwii hore ka soo xulay khubaro Yurub iyo technology, tirada caanka Meissen. galaas Ruush ma aha badan oo kala duwan ka Yurub ee tayada iyo waxqabadka farshaxanka, laakiin qiimaha badan oo dheeraad ah oo la awoodi karo ahayd.

Russia qiimeeyo waxyaabaha warshad oo ku faraxsan in ay soo iibsadaan oo dhan, kuwaas oo aan awoodin in ay leeyihiin saarayaasha Yurub. In 1771, oo ku saabsan toddobaatan shaqaalaha ayaa ka shaqeeya warshadaha, tiradooda ayaa labanlaabmay 10 sano. Shaqooyinka oo dhan ayaa la degan khubaro Ruush, maaraynta kaliya artist ah oo la soo saaro dibadda.

Franz Gardner awooday inuu helo style u gaar ah wax soo saarka ee galaas, tirada noocyo ka mid ah castings gaaraya boqolaal. Waxa intaa dheer in suxuunta halkan ayaa lagu shubay oo rinji farshaxan salon galaas gaar ah, qorayaasha ka mid ah, kuwaasi oo ay fanaaniinta si fiican u yaqaan.

In bulshada Kuznetsovsk

Ka dib markii dhimasho aasaasaha ee, warshad galaas Dmitrov waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay sida ugu fiican ee dhammaan warshadaha Ruush gaarka loo leeyahay. Kiiska ayaa la qaatay in ka badan in ay la dhaxlay: waqti gaaban ka hor geeridiisa, shirkadda ayaa lagu hawlan ahaa curadkii aasaasihii, ka dibna wuxuu naagtiisii. In gacmaheeda Warshadda ayaa laga badiyay dhowaad dhammaan jagooyinka ay, laakiin ka dib markii kiiska qaaday carruurteeda, wax soo saarka la soo nooleeyey. Waxaa lagu guuleysto earthenware technology-saarka. In 1829, wax soo saarka dahab ah ka helay Industrial koowaad ee Exhibition. In 1855 wuxuu helay xaq u leeyahay inuu sameeyo alaabta si gelin on ceebeynta dadweynaha gorgor double madax-.

Inta lagu jiro oo dhan uu noqdo mid ka mid ah alaab-qeybiyeyaasha in ay maxkamadda Imperial ee qarnigii 19aad Dmitrov galaas Factory Oo Xaqiijiyay In tayada alaabooyinka ee shows ganacsiga, tan iyo 1856. Dhammaadkii qarnigii la dhaxlay iibiyey shirkadda Matvey Kuznetsov. Waxa uu helay goobaha wax soo saarka ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale ururinta weyn ee dhammaan qaababka, nidaamyada iyo sawiro garderovskih classic.

muddo Kuznetsovsky

Dmitrov galaas Factory (Verbilki) helay magnate Kuznetsova la yar yaraaday ammaanta, laakiin faa'iido adag. By waqtiga barashada afku ee warshad soo saaray alaabta 208 kun rubles sano ah, iyo tirada shaqaalaha ka badan 700 oo qof. Kuznetsov isticmaalo oo dhan maalkiisa dhaxlay iyo qarni iyo badh ka mid ah taariikhda, u soo kabashada buuxda ee ay ammaan.

arrinta ayaa ballaarin saldhigga macaamiisha ah ayaa si buuxda u wada ilaaliyo, mahad go'aanka caqliga leh si ay u isticmaalaan brand ah warshad Dmitrov ku saabsan alaabta oo dhan. Milkiilaha cusub ma doonayaan in ay u cusbooneysiin kala duwan ee wax soo saarka aan run. Number of alaabta alaabta ahayd in ka badan 4 milyan oo unugyo ka mid ah suxuunta iyo figurines caan ah. Dabbaaldegyada at geedka ka dhigan in la sii daayo of ururinta gaar ah. Sidaas waxa lagu shaabadeeyey guuradii 100aad ee dagaalka Borodino, sanad guuradii 300aad ee boqortooyada Romanovs ah.

galaas Soviet

Ka dib markii qaramayn, soo saaridda noqday si rasmi ah loo yaqaan galaas Dmitrov ku Factory. In muddada post-kacaan wax soo saarka si weyn hoos u dhacay, iyo wixii la soo saaray, ayaa la yaase u qurxiyey tabeelooyin (decal) ama articles dacaayad wakiil.

Inta badan caan, 1930, waxaan ka helay adeeg Dmitrov galaas "Humpbacked Horse" geedka, iyo sidoo kale shaqooyin kale oo ay sculptor tayo SM Orlov burush Inta lagu guda jiro Patriotic galaas sii daayo War Great si weyn hoos u dhacay, laakiin xilliga ay astaan u shuqullada dhalaalaya. adeeg "Battle for hooyo ah" (by A. Chechulina) sii daayay set ay taswiiro la Guud weyn "Suvorov", "Alexander Nevsky", "Kutuzov", sharxayaa la image ah oo ka mid ah abaalmarinta Soviet hoggaanka ciidamada (auth. Demorrey T.) waxaa la abuuray.

wax soo saarka casri ah

In 1991 warshad galaas Dimitrov noqday shirkada wadajir ah stock, magaca rasmiga ah: CJSC "galaas Verbilok". Tan iyo 1995, oo deeq qalliinka si 'aad miro Verbilok ". Maamulka xarunta cusub iyo shaqaalaha waa nooleynta mashquul ah caadooyinka by aasaasayaasha geedka jideeyey.

In 1996, shirkadda helay abaalmarino at bandhigyo caalamiga ah ee Birmingham, iyo sidoo kale in Mexico. Tan iyo sannadkii 2007, geedka siisa waxyaabaha ay Kremlin sida qeyb ka mid ah xubin ka ah Guild of Purveyors. Shirkadda waxaa hadda loo yaqaan "Gardner Manufactory", laakiin qaar badan oo aqoon u leh magaca jir ah oo warshad galaas Dmitrov. Products soo saaray dhowr line collectible.

Collection "Frants Gardner" nooleeyo dhaqanka noocyada da'doodu u 19-20 galaas. Company Wizard ma dhab fariimihii ku saabsan waxyaabaha hadiyadda (lammaane shaaha, nooc, figurines). Sidoo kale laga heli karaa suxuunta qoyska on taas oo fanaaniinta qori fatihi qoyska, monogram ama hab xariir la doortay ee. Shirkada soo saarta nooc ujeedooyin, shaaha iyo kafeega oo laba laba kala duwan, waayo, midhaha, dheryaha, sets carruurta.