Description of xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh iyo size Jupiter ee u qalma in meerayaasha kale

Jupiter waa meeraha shanaad ka Sun, ugu weyn ee nidaamka qoraxda. Garaacood iyo Suul on meelaha ay yihiin qabow, dabayl daruur overclocked ka kooban ammonia iyo biyo. Jawiga inta badan waa hydrogen iyo helium, iyo Red Weyn Spot si fiican u yaqaan - duufaan a Rafaa waa ka badan Dhulka, sii boqolaal sannadood. Jupiter waxa ku wareegsan 53 bilaha cusubu dhashaan xaqiijiyay, iyo sidoo kale 14 gool, guud ahaan 67. Qubarada ayaa ugu xiiso afarta waxyaabaha ugu weyn ee laga helay 1610 by Galileo: Europe, Callisto, Ganymede iyo Io. Jupiter sidoo kale waxay leedahay saddex siddo, laakiin waxay yihiin kuwo aad u adag tahay in la arko, oo iyana ma ay yihiin sida xarrago leh sida in Saturn. Meeraha ayaa la magacaabay ka dib markii ilaaha wayn Roman.

tirada la barbar dhigo, Sun ee Jupiter iyo Earth

From qorraxda meeraha a saaro celcelis ahaan 778 million kiiloomitir, taas oo ah 5.2 halbeeg ah sumalka uguma. Meel fog this, nuurka u baahan tahay 43 daqiiqo si aad u hesho Rafaa gaaska. size Jupiter eego Sun waa sidaas cajiib ah in ay barycenter ka baxsan iftiin dusha on 0.068 ka mid ah ay gacan ka. Planet Earth waa aad u balaaran oo wax badan ka yar oo cufan. Ay saamiga mugga 1: 1321, iyo mass - sida 1: 318. Laga soo bilaabo xarunta si ay dusha sare ee size Jupiter ee km waa 69911. Tani waa 11 jeer ka ballaaran yahay dhulkeenna. Jupiter iyo Earth ee size la barbar dhigi karaa sida soo socota. Haddii dhulkeenna ahaa dinaar, Rafaa gaaska la basketball ku noqon lahaa. Cabbirka Qorraxda iyo Jupiter dhexroor ee ratio of 10: 1, iyo mass meeraha waa 0,001 ak tirsan mass.

Orbit iyo rogista cajaladda

At Rafaa gaaska waa maalintii ugu gaaban nidaamka qoraxda. In kasta oo size ee Jupiter, maalin caalamka socdaa ku saabsan 10 saacadood. Sano A ama kacaanka agagaarka qorraxda qaadanayaa ilaa 12 sano Earth. dhulbaraha waxaa janjeera, qaraabo in ay waddo orbital kaliya 3 digrii. Taas macnaheedu waa in Jupiter isku bedbedeli doono ku dhowaad meel vertical iyo ma laha isbedel la cadeeyay sida ee xilliyada ka dhaca on our iyo meerayaasha kale.

formation

Planet wada sameeyey nidaamka oo dhan qoraxda 4.5 billion sano ka hor, markii cuf keentay in ay formation ciidda Rotary iyo gaaska ka. Cabirka ee Jupiter waxaa sababa dhab ah in uu inta badan ah oo miisaankiisu hartay ka dib markii formation of xiddigaha qaaday. Its mugga waa laba jeer ka badan inta kale ee arrinta of walxaha kale ee nidaamka qoraxda. Waxay ka kooban tahay wax la mid ah sida in xiddigta, laakiin size ee meeraha Jupiter ayaa koray oo ku filan si ay u bilaabaan ficil-isuga. About afar bilyan oo sano ka hor soo baxday in Rafaa gaaska ee ay meel jooga ee nidaamka qoraxda dibadda ah.

Qaab-dhismeedka

Halabuurka ee Jupiter waa sida qoraxdu - inta badan helium iyo hydrogen. cadaadiska Deep Hawada iyo sara kaco heerkulka, compressing gaaska hydrogen galay dareeraha. Taas darteed, badda ugu weyn ee Jupiter ee nidaamka qoraxda, oo ka kooban hydrogen halkii biyaha. Qubarada badankooda ayaa aaminsan at qoto dheer ah laga yaabee kalabadhka xarunta of caalamka, cadaadiska noqdo si weyn in electrons of atamka hydrogen lagu cadaadiyey, waxaa galay bir ah koronto tabinta dareere ah. wareeg The degdeg ah wiilashii Rafaa, gaaska waa in hadda korontada oo dhalinayo a beerta magnetic xoog leh. Wali lama oga haddii uu jiro meeraha core dhexe ee wax adag, ama waa qaro maraq superheated birta iyo macdanta silicate (quartz sida) la heerkulka ilaa 50 000 ° C.

dusha

Sida Rafaa gaas, Jupiter uusan haysan dusha run ah. Planet ka kooban yahay muhiimad ee qoqobada gaasas iyo cabitaanno. Tan iyo pride ma dalka doonaa on Jupiter, isagu ma uu awoodi doono inuu u duulo oo bad qaba. cadaadiska xad-dhaaf ah iyo heerkulka gudaha burburin caalamka, wuu dhalaali iyo vaporize markabka in isku dayi doonaa si aad u hesho soo gelin.

jawiga

Jupiter eg durraaxado ah midabo ee guutooyinkiisa oo daruur iyo dhibco. meeraha Gas u badan tahay in uu leeyahay saddex lakab daruur cad cad in ay "samada", taas oo wada dabooli ku saabsan 71 km. top wuxuu ka kooban yahay baraf ammonia. Lakabka dhexe ay u badan tahay in ay sameeyaan kiristaalo of hydrosulfide ammonium, iyo gudaha - baraf iyo uumiga biyaha. midabyo guutooyinkiisa oo qaro weyn ee Jupiter laga yaabaa in qiiqa baaruud iyo gaasaska fosfooraska-kooban ka geyi-baxna. wareeg The deg deg ah ee caalamka waxay abuurtaa a socodka Uubo awood badan, la wadaago ayaa daruurtii ka dhex suunka dheer oo mugdi ah iyo goobaha dhalaalaya.

la'aanta ah ee dusha adag oo awood u gaabiya, Jupiter ogolaanaya Wasaqda Daa'imaan sanado badan. Planet daboolayaa in ka badan dersin ka mid ah Dabaylaha jirta, qaar ka mid ah ay gaaraan xawaaraha 539 km / h ee dhulbaraha. The dhinacyada Spot Cas ee Jupiter laba jeer Ballaadhkeedu yahay Earth. socdeen warar Waxbarashada gadood arkay on meeraha Rafaa muddo ka badan 300 sannadood. More dhawaan, saddex gadood sameeyay yar bar yar oo cas, oo ku saabsan size badhkiisa abti u weyn. Seynisyahanno weli ma oga in kuwan magacda iyo boogo berkedda gacmeed caalamka ama kordhin fog moolka.

Fili karo nolosha

Xeeran deegaanka Jupiter ayaa laga yaabaa inaanay ahayn sahla nolosha sida aannu iyada u aqoonsanno. Heerkulka, cadaadiska iyo walxaha in sifaha caalamka this u badan tahay mid aad u ba'an oo halis ah in ay noolaha. Inkastoo Jupiter waa meel yaabo waayo dadkuba ku nool, isla ma la odhan karaa oo ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah bilaha cusubu dhashaan badan. Europe - mid ka mid ah meelaha ay u badan tahay in la raadiyo nolol ku jira nidaamka qoraxda. Waxaa jira caddaymo ah jiritaanka hoos qolof ah baraf ah ee Bad Dhexdeed ah oos taas oo nolosha la joogtayn karo.

satalayt

yar iyo afar waaweyn badan oo Satellite ee Jupiter u sameeyaan nidaam qoraxda ee Ghadafi. The satalayt meeraha 53 xaqiijiyay, iyo sidoo kale 14 ku meel gaar ah, taas oo ku siinayaa guud ahaan 67. Kuwaas satalayt cusub helay, cirbixiyeyaasha sheegay iyo Midowga makii International iyaga u siiyey naqshada meel gaadh ah. Sida ugu dhakhsaha badan Galaatiya ay xaqiijisay, waxay lagu soo dari doonaa tirada joogto ah.

The afar bilaha cusubu dhashaan ugu weyn - Europa, Io, Callisto iyo Ganymede - oo markii ugu horraysay laga helay 1610 by astronomer Galileo isticmaalaya version hore of xoqad ah. Kuwani afar bilaha cusubu hadda waa mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu xiiso leh of cilmi. Io waa hay'adda ugu volcanically firfircoon nidaamka qoraxda. Ganymede - ugu weyn iyaga ka mid ah (xataa ka badan meeraha Mercury). The satellite labaad ee ugu weyn Jupiter - Callisto - ayaa wax yar craters yar oo muujinaysa in heerka uu hadda hooseeyo ee hawsha dusha. Badda An oo biyo ah dareere la Cuntadan nolosha jiifsan karaa qolof ah baraf ah ee Europe ay dureereyso dhexdeeda, waxaa bartilmaameed u duufsan waxbarasho samaynta.

siddo

Helay in 1979 by NASA ee "Voyager 1" siddo Jupiter ahaayeen lama filaan ah, tan iyo markii ay ahaayeen ka kooban qayb mugdiga ah ee size yar yar, kuwaas oo kaliya lagu arki karo qorraxda. Xogta laga pride ah "Galileo" ayaa sheegaya in nidaamka giraanta la abuuri karaa iyada oo boodhka meteoroids interplanetary burburtay on bilaha cusubu dhashaan yar hoose.

magnetosphere

Gas magnetosphere Rafaa - gobol oo meel bannaan oo sarkhaansan a beerta xoog leh magnetic of caalamka. Waxa ay gaareysaa in ay meel fog ka mid ah 3.1 million km Sun in 7-21 jeer ee tirada Jupiter iyo tapers qaab dabada tadpole ee 1 bilyan oo kiiloomitir, gaarey kastana falagiisuu dhex Saturn. A beerta magnetic weyn ee 16-54 jeer ka xoog badan dhulka. Waxaa isku bedbedeli doono la meeraha iyo qabsatay qurubyada la socoto lacag koronto. Near Jupiter u dhaco duqsiyo Qurub lagu eedeeyay oo iyaga dardar si tamartaa mid aad u sarreeya, abuurista shucaaca daran in bombards ku satalayt dhow oo dhaawici pride ah. duurka ku magnetic keena mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu xoog leh auroral nidaamka qoraxda ee ulaha caalamka.

waxbarasho

Inkastoo Jupiter ayaa loo yaqaan tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore, galku ugu horeysay faahfaahsan oo meeraha this la sameeyey by Galileo ee 1610 isticmaalaya xoqad a heer hoose ah. dhawaan uu booqday spaceships, satalayt iyo probes. 10 th iyo 11-aad "Horseedka", 1aad iyo 2aad "Voyager" marka hore Jupiter duulay ee 1970, markaas ayaa "Galileo" waxaa loo diray galay kastana falagiisuu dhex Rafaa gaaska, iyo jawiga waxaa hoos baaritaan. "Cassini" sameeyey sawiro faahfaahsan oo meeraha on habka ay u Saturn u dhow. Howlgalka Next "Juno" yimid Jupiter ee July 2016

dhacdooyinka kuweyn

• 1610: Galileo Galilei sameeyey galku ugu horeysay faahfaahsan oo meeraha.
• 1973: pride ugu horeysay "Pioneer 10" gudbay suunka asteriyoodh iyo tagaa Rafaa gaaska.
• 1979: The koowaad iyo labaad "Voyager" helay cusub bilaha cusubu dhashaan, siddo iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa Kobenhagen on Io.
• 1992: February 8 duulay ee la soo dhaafay Jupiter "Ulysses." Cuf ayaa bedelay dhabbihii ee pride ka diyaarada ee ecliptic iska, dhaqaaqin baaritaankoodu kastana falagiisuu dhex kama dambaysta ah ee koonfurta iyo ulo woqooyi ee qorraxda.
• 1994: gobolka ee Hemisphere ka Koonfureed ee Jupiter isku dhaceen jajabkii dhagax xiddig oo ka mid ah-kabatole Levy.
• 1995-2003: pride "Galileo" hoos baaritaan hawada Rafaa gaaska iyo qaban-galku muddada-dheer ee caalamka, siddooyinkiisa iyo Satellite.
• 2000: "Cassini" sameeyey waajahay dhow Jupiter fogaan ah oo ku saabsan 10 million kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran, samaynta image a mahrajaan midab aad u faahfaahsan oo Rafaa gaaska.
• 2007: The images qaaday by pride ee NASA New Horizons on habka ay u Pluto, waxay muujiyeen aragtiyo cusub oo dabeylo atmosfeerta, siddo, Kobenhagen Io iyo baraf Europe.
• 2009: cirbixiyeyaasha The arkay dhagax xiddig a ama asteriyoodh caalamka ee koonfurta Ameerika.
• 2016: bilaabay sanadkii 2011-ka "Juno" in Jupiter yimid oo bilaabay qoto-dheer cilmiga of jawiga caalamka ayaa, qaab-dhismeedkooda qoto dheer oo magnetosphere iyo ujeedada sharrax ay asal ahaan iyo horumar.

pop Dhaqanka

size ballaarnaa ee Jupiter ma liita oo ay joogaan muhiim ah in dhaqanka oo caan ah, oo ay ku jiraan filimada, bandhigyada TV, kulan video iyo waxyaabaha lagu qoslo. Rafaa gaaska ayaa noqotay dhibic muhiim ah ka walaalo oo movie Sayniska-fi Wachowski "Jupiter oo kor u kacaya", satalayt kala duwan ee caalamka ayaa noqotay Hooyga kuwa "Cloud Atlas," "Futurama", "HALO" iyo filimo kale oo badan. In filimka "Men in Black", halkaas oo Agent J (Will Smith) ayaa sheegay in mid ka mid ah macalimiinta uu u muuqday isaga si ka Venus, wakiilka Kay (Tommi Li Dzhons) ayaa sheegay in ay run ahaantii waa mid ka mid ah bilaha cusubu ee Jupiter.