Crimea - hoosaad. Status of Crimean. Map, sawiro

Iyada oo laga jawaabayo dhacdooyin la soo dhaafay, laga yaabee in ay jiraan dad lahayn oo aan maqlay oo ku saabsan Crimean ah. Madaxbannaani ka Ukraine guuray sida Republic ee Ruushka. Waa xaqiiqda waxaa lagaga warramaa sharciga dastuurka ansixiyay Duma State ee March 2014. Jidka, korodhsi ay gobolka u gaar ah dadka of Crimean maray ku dhawaad 100 sanno, ka badbaaday ah taxne kore iyo hoose. Samee wax yar dalxiiska ah oo wuxuu galay taariikhda iyada oo ujeedadu tahay si loo raad raaco tallaabooyinka dhismaha gobolka ee Tavria qadiimiga.

Iyadoo qayb ka ah Empire Ruushka

Bilowga ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, Jasiiradda Crimean qayb ka mid ah Empire Ruush ah, ayaa ku biiray by kale ee 1783 ahaa. Markii hore, xaaladda Crimea waxaa lagu qeexaa sida aag, iyo tan iyo 1802 - gobolkii la magaalada gaar ah dadaalka badan ee Sevastopol, su aalihii si toos ah Imperial. Laga soo bilaabo wakhtigaas ilaa maanta Sevastopol ayaa mar walba meel gaar ah. Inta badan dadka waxay ahaayeen tataarka, si siman u yaroow gobolka, laakiin helay in ka badan dambaysta ah, xaq. By 1917, oo sideeda oo ka mid ah dadweynaha ku saabsan u saarney in uu is beddelay, oo hadda intooda badan ay ahaayeen Russia Little iyo Ruush, oo kaliya 25% - tataarka. Rubuc ka mid ah dadka - degay shisheeye dad Gariig ah, Jarmalka, Armenians, Bulgarian.

Waxbarashada madaxbannaani ugu horeysay ee Crimea

Haddii ay dhacdo in dab dagaalkii sokeeye oo kaliya maamulka ay yihiin kuwo aan ku brand ah: cas, iyo interventionists Jarmal iyo White ilaalada Wrangel, iyo cagaar. Ka dib guushii ee Bolsheviks ee sharci novosozdanom gobolka Ruush ee Crimean bedelay. Sooshal dimuqraadiga madal siyaasadeed ahayd mid ku salaysan xaq quruumaha in ay aayo-ka, awood u leeyahay inuu abuuro ay waxbarashada dadweynaha u gaar ah. Tan iyo markii on tataarka Crimean ee taariikh ahaan la degganaa Jasiiradda, xaaladda rasmiga ah helay iyo Crimean ah. Madaxbannaani ahaa xuquuqda arrin ballaaran gudahood RSFSR ah. Marka magacaabida jagooyinka fulinta, doorashada waxaa la siiyey tataarka ah. Dastuurka 1936 xaqiijisay booska this. Laakiin sida uu sheegay 1939 tirakoobka, ka kooban qowmiyadaha ee madaxbannaani ka Crimean weli ka go'an baahsanaanta dadweynaha Ruush ka badan wakiilo ka quruumaha kale iyo dadyowga (ku dhowaad 50%), qiyaastii 20% waxay ahayd oo keliya tataarka Crimean ah. -Dhowaaday% Yukreeniyaan heerka 14, Yuhuuddu waxay ahaayeen oo keliya 5.8%, Germany - 4.5%. dagaalka ee Crimean ah ka hor inta ay bilaabeen in ay fuliyaan masaafurinta dadka Gariigta ah, Bulgarian, Jarmalka, si ay tirada ayaa hoos u dhacay.

qayb ku saabsan shuruudaha

Isagoo ka hadlayay of qarannimada ee Crimean, waa in aan fahmo waxa ay tahay maamul hoosaad oo dhan? In Greek, muddada ka dhigan madax-bannaanida, madax-bannaanida. Si fudud u gelin, in qaab dhismeedka dawladda hal waxaa laga yaabaa in goobaha in ay leeyihiin xorriyadda ah oo ku arrimo dhowr ah, oo ay dastuur u gaar ah oo sharciyada ha ka horimanaya shuruucda aasaasiga ah ee gobolka oo dhan, masuuliyiinta laamaha sharcdejinta iyo fulinta. In gobolka Soviet Jamhuuriyadda goboleedka ayaa waxaa la aasaasay oo ku salaysan qaran. Sidaas daraaddeed, Crimea - hoosaad, kaas oo u muuqday ay sabab u tahay dadka Tatar ee Jasiiradda. In dunida maanta, madaxbannaani loo arkaa unit dhul-maamul, taas oo ku salaysan yahay noocyo kala duwan oo ka mid ah Calaamooyinkiisa waxaa laga yaabaa in la dilaa. Gobolo badan, xataa kuwa ku dhawaaqay isu-dhexe, waxay leeyihiin gobollada maamulka iyo Jamhuuriyadda in ay ka kooban.

Isku dayaysa in la abuuro maamul hoosaad Yuhuudda

madaxbannaani Yuhuudda ah ee Crimea - waa halkii waa Addomahaaga riyo pink ah dadka Yuhuudda ahayn mid dhab ah. The isku day marka hore keenaan nolosha fikradda ah abuurista xaalad Yuhuudda ka tirsan sano th 20. In qaybaha waqooyi ee Jasiiradda waxaa firirsan ahaayeen dalka dadku meesha ay Yuhuudda oo bilaabay dib u dajinta si loo abuuro shabakad ee bulshada in uu aasaas u Jamhuuriyadda qaran. Isku day si ay u fuliyaan mashruuca orday galay tiro ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka. Waa midda koowaade, waxa gabi ahaanba ahaa mid aan faa'iido u dadka Tatar maxaliga ah, kuwaas oo laftiisa waa si xun u baahan dalka. Danaha qaranka -Gudoomiyaha wakhtigaas si firfircoon difaacay Veli Ibraimov, oo ah guddoomiyaha Guddiga Fulinta Crimean ee Central. Iyo, inkasta oo ay u dhaqdhaqaaqa initiative Yuhuudda la baabi'iyo yaabaa gacmaha OGPU ah ay, dhibaato kale oo ahaa dhib badan in ay la tacaalaan. Waxay ku jiifsatay nuxurka aad ee dhalashadiisa Yuhuudda. Sidaas daraaddeed aad u yar oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay awoodaan oo diyaar u ah inay ka qayb qaataan howlaha beeraha. Inta badan muhaajiriinta ayaa degay magaalooyinkii (oo ku saabsan 40,000 oo qof), iyo qaar ka mid ah 10,000 oo weli ku nool yihiin dalkii dhibaato weyn oo cuntada meelaha Anfaco soo maray. Isku dhaceen dadka Tataarka maxaliga ah, carada waxaa xoojiyey ay sabab u tahay siyaasadda collectivization ah. Map of Crimean ah waqtiga ay muujinaysaa laba degmo oo waaweyn oo ah degayaasha Yuhuudda: Larindorfsky iyo Fraydorfsky. Laakiin by 1938-dejinta Yuhuudda ee Crimean joojiyay. Arrinta mashruuca markii ugu illoobeen, gaar ahaan Bariga Fog Jamhuuriyadda la caasimada Birobidzhan waxaa la abuuray.

Tirtiridda-hoosaad ugu horeysay ee Crimean

Ka dib markii xoraynta Crimea ee 1944, madaxda ka ah guddida Antifascist Yuhuudda sara kiciyey arrinta of madaxbannaani Yuhuudda. Laakiin jagada hoggaanka Soviet waqtiga ka kooban oo cad. Waxay beeniyeen suuragalnimada in la abuuro xaalad Yuhuudda. Waxaa intaa dheer, masaafurinta mass ka mid ah tataarka iyo dadyowga kale ee Jasiiradda la sameeyay ka dib markii dagaalka, waa muhiimad "xiran". Oo bedelay xaaladda Crimea. June 25, 1946 beddelay Dastuurka RSFSR ah, taas oo taabtay dhismeedka dhulka maamulka gobolka. Waxay diiwaan turjumaad xaaladda madaxbannaani Crimean ee gobolka. Laba sano ka dib, meel gaar ah, dhab ahaantii u dhigantaa in xaaladda gobolka Crimean Sevastopol helay.

Crimea oo qayb ka ah Socialist Soviet Jamhuuriyadda Yukreeniyaan

Sababaha kala iibsiga ee Crimea in Ukraine ay si fiican u garan ilaa hadda. Qaar ka mid ah ayaa ku eedeeyay mutadawacnimada ah Nikity Hruscheva, kuwaas oo kaliya lagu sameeyo fal dhicis ah oo ku saabsan dareenka. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira oo kale oo ka mid ah falalka uu xaqiijin xujada sabab noocan oo kale ah. Qaar kale waxay sheegayaan in tallaabadan ay tahay arrin buuxa iyo waaqiciga ah. Waa midda koowaade, ka barta of view of xadka ay wadaagaan. Marka labaad, ay sabab u tahay dhibaatooyinka dhaqaale ee sahayda korontada iyo biyaha ka soohdinta reer Ukraine. Mar saddexaad, weli waa xaalad hal - Midowga Soofiyeeti, burburkii lahaa ee aan ninna sii ogaan oo aan xitaa ka fekeri karaa. Noqo in sida laga yaabaa, xaaladda Crimea beddelay mar kale in 1954. Intaa waxaa dheer, amar ku saabsan kala iibsiga ee Crimea ma daboolay arrinta Sevastopol, kaas oo mar walba meel gaar ah sida saldhig ciidamada badda ee Russia.

Mar labaad, madaxbannaani

In 1990, markii Midowga Soofiyeeti koray burinaya qaranka, ku shubtay galay ee loo yaqaan "parade ee sovereignties", Golaha Gobolka Crimean ee xigeenada mar kale bilaabay in ay ka munaaqashoodaan xaaladda Crimea. Iyadoo la tixraacayo siyaasadda ee daahfurnaanta, aqoonsiga khaladaadka dawladda Soviet ee la xidhiidha masaafurinta dadka iyo soo laabashada Crimean tataarka in dhulkooda hooyo oo taariikhi ah, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay aqbalaan badanoo ka mid ah maamul hoosaad tallaabada Crimean aan dastuuri ahayn. Tan iyo markii lagu dhawaaqay in Crimean - madaxbannaani gudahood Midowga Soofiyeeti oo sidaas daraaddeed maaddo full of State Midowga. Si sharciyeeyo go'aankaas on Jasiiradda, afti lagu qabtay. Inta badan ahaayeen oo lagu taageerayo go'aanka Golaha Crimean iyo formation of madaxbanaanida qaranka gudahood Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Degree of madaxbannaani gudahood Ukraine

Ka dib burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti, Crimean Peninsula Crimeans naftooda si lama filaan ah u muuqday in Ukraine. Sida ansixiyay bishii May 1992, Dastuurka Crimean ah, taasna waxaa lagu qoray in Republic of Crimean waa waddan madax bannaan gudahood Ukraine. Madaxweynaha Crimea la soo saarin in sanadka soo socda. Yuri Meshkov ku guuleystay doorasho dimuqraadi ah oo noqonaysa tii ugu horreysay Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda. Laakiin sida uu qabo sharciga ee Ukraine, go'aamada oo dhan kuwanu waxay ahaayeen sharci darrada ah, in 1995, Leonid Kuchma baabiiyo Dastuurka Crimea 1992 sano. Kaliya ka dib markii badan oo ka mid ah ansixinta 1998 ansixiyey Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Madaxa Bannaan ee Crimea (madaxa Banaan Jamhuuriyadda of Crimean). badbaadiyo xaaladda gobolka ee Crimean - hawsha ugu muhiimsan ayaa loo qaybshay. af Ruush, oo ay la socdaan Tatar Crimean ah, ayaa heshay aqoonsi rasmi ah oo loo aqoonsaday luqada ee xidhiidhka caalamiga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay xaq u of madaxbannaani of Crimean ah ayaa si buuxda u shaacin oo keentay in labada Ukraine iyo in Crimea. Dastuurku ma ahaa ilaa 1998-kii, oo waafaqsan shuruucda Ukraine mustaqbalka sida khilaafka.

Muranka maamul hoosaad

In ka badan 20-ka sano ee Ukraine ma Abate muranka maamul hoosaad u Crimean ee Ukraine. xigeenadiisa badan oo ka Rada Verkhovna ah ugu baaqay in ay diidaan Republic ee ay xaaladda, u jeestay tusaale ah ee 1946. Fikrado soo jeedina loo sameeyey si uu u qabto in lasameeyo dhan-Yukreeniyaan on arrinta. Waxa xusay in jiritaankeeda xadgudub ku ah sharafta iyo midnimada gobolka. Sidaas darteed, dadweynaha ee Crimean marnaba dareemayaan ammaan, xasillooni iyo ammaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, isbeddellada pro-Ruush ee ku yaala goobahan ismay xoog, iyo sii wadaan in ay ku salaysnaadaan Sevastopol Ruush Black Sea Fleet.

Exit ka Ukraine

In xidhiidh la leh siyaasadda dhibaataysan ee Ukraine iyo sidii loo xoojin lahaa dhaqdhaqaaqa anti-Ruush dabayaaqadii 2013 - horraantii 2014, mas'uuliyiinta Crimean ayaa dhowr jeer ku baaqay in dib u soo celinta kala dambeynta dalka. Laakiin Kiev "Mu'asasada" ayaa keenay in la rido madaxweynaha dimoqraadiga loo soo doortay iyo wareejinta awoodda garabka midig kooxaha siyaasadeed ee xagjirka ah. Marka tan la eego, in Crimea ee dabayaaqadii bishii February, waxay bilaabeen falalka firfircoon oo muhim ah oo ay ciidamada pro-Ruush, kuwaas oo loo arko macquul ma ahan in ay ka qayb dhacdooyinkii Yukreeniyaan, ka imaanaya dalalka caasi ah. In kasta oo dibad-ka Europe, Russia taageeray hindisaha of Crimean ah iyo xitaa ciidamo u saarney waxay u cid direen kada iska hor imaad ah oo suurto gal ka mas'uuliyiinta Kiev. Ka dib markii aftida, kii lix iyo bishii March ee 2014 waxaa suurto gal noqday inaad rafcaan u qaadato dawladda Ruushka oo la codsi in la qaato Authority iyo magaalada Sevastopol ee gobolka Federaalka Ruush. Sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurtogalka ah, go'aamada oo dhan ayaa la heshiiyey dhexeeya laamaha dawladda. Map of Crimean ah ka kala midab huruud ah-midabka buluuga ah oo cad, buluug iyo casaan ah matoorada search Internet ugu Russia ee.

Crimea oo Sevastopol - maadooyinka of Ruushka

Sidaas darteed, March 2014 ee Russia ayaa ku lifaaqan sida hay'adaha gaar ah Sevastopol iyo Crimean ah. Madaxbannaani, kaas oo muddo dheer la diriray dadweynaha ee Jasiiradda, ayaa guntiga u, laakiin waxaa jira Republic of Crimean. Ka hor inta January 1, 2015 ku dhawaaqay in muddo KMG ah kaas oo aan lahayn khasaaraha dadweynaha waa in ay soo maraan nidaamka dhexgalka. horumarinta sharciyada Dastuurka iyo hadda, in se u dhaqmo 1998 Dastuurka ee ARC ah. Beesha caalamka ayaa aqoonsaday isukeenidda ee Crimean leh Russia (inkasta oo uu leeyahay shuruudo taariikhiga ah, dhaqaale iyo bulsho oo muhiim ah), laakiin ma aha mid dhibaato mana Ruush dowladda Crimean toona. Kiev ayaa sidoo kale qiimeeyaa waxa dhacaya sida qabsashadii Ruush ah dhulkooda. Ka hor halganka aqoonsi caalami ah.