Booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee weysada dhuxusha Kuznetsk. Meeday weysada dhuxusha Kuznetsk?

Kuzbass - ka mid ah kayd dhuxusha ugu weyn iyo-ugu wanaagsan ee loo yaqaan ee Russia. Tayada dhuxusha halkan miino, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro, lagu warsanna maayo karo - waa mid ka mid ah waa sida ugu fiican oo ugu boosaska badan oo adduunka ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, arrin taas oo, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro badan oo, ciyaaro laga yaabaa in door xun horumarinta duurka - booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Basin Kuznetsk ah. Region of Russia, kaas oo diiradda shaqada shirkadaha of Kuzbass, gobolka Kemerovo, ku filan laga saaro macaamiisha badan ee dhuxusha, taas oo ay noqon kartaa furaha ganacsiyada maxaliga ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aad u dhabta ah rajada sii horumarinta Kuzbass, waxaa loo arkaa by badan warshadaha khubaro, waxaa jira, iyo wax soo saarka shaqada in this jihada yahay socda, xukunkaygu by dhaqdhaqaaqa soo saaray in dhawaan sano, dhuxusha halkan. Ganacsiyada maxaliga, sida ay tilmaamahan, ay awoodaan in ay si guul leh u gudbaan dhibaatooyinka ee 2008-2009. Sidee, ka dibna, shirkadda mag warshadaha dhuxusha ee ma aha arrin aan fiicnayn, idinkoo xukumaya by qiyaasaha qaar ka mid ah, booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Basin Kuznetsk ee la xiriirta macaamiisha ah?

Kuzbass: warbixin guud

Kuznetsk weysada waxaa loo arkaa inay anigaa iska leh, meesha ay joogaan kaydka badan oo dhuxul ahaan - mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee dunida. Waxay ku taalaa galbeedka Siberia, inta badan ee gobolka Kemerovo ah. "Kuzbass" (mid ka mid ah magacyada rasmiga ahayn ee gobolka) waxa ku wareegsan Mountains Alataw ah, iyo Shoria Salair Ridge. dhuxusha First waxaa halkan helay horrantii qarnigii 18aad. Laakiin muhiimada warshadaha gobolka ayaa ku soo bilowday si aad u hesho in 1840s ka dib qiyaasta ugu weyn ee kaydka macdanta ee Basin Kuznetsk ah. Maanta Kemerovo waa mid ka mid ah kaxeynayo warshadaha ugu weyn, kaas oo ka shaqeeya by saarida dhuxusha ee dhulka iyo processing xiga ka. Haddaba pool dhowr darsin miinooyinka iyo shirkadaha, ku hawlan macdanta-god furan.

arrimuhu hadda dhuxusha laga soo geyi-- in ka badan 200 million tons sannadkii .. booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Dhuxul Kuznetsk ku Basin ee dhinaca hufnaanta dhaqaale dood ka dhex khubarada. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in Kuzbass ma aha oo gebi ahaanba si guul ah - in ay ka iibsada weyn ee dhuxusha ilaa kaabayaasha gaadiidka ma aha gobolada ugu horumarsan. Ie faa'iidada waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa sida aan sare oo ku filan, gaar ahaan dhinaca this, sida goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee Basin Kuznetsk ku saabsan macaamilka. Waxaa jira aragti dheeraad ah oo dhexdhexaad ah. Sida laga soo xigtay iyada si, faa'iidada ah ee Kuzbass waafaqsan waxqabadka ugu Ruush kale oo badan oo kayd dunida ee.

macdanta Dhuxul iyo processing

Meeday weysada dhuxusha Kuznetsk, aan hadda ogahay. War haatan aynu ka fiirsan in faahfaahin dheeraad ah ka dibna waxa waxqabad ee shirkadaha, ku urursan uu degmada. Dhuxul waxaa halkan miino siyaabo kala duwan: dhulka hoostiisa, furan oo Haydarooliga. Ahaaday, dabcan, marka hore - waxaa keena qiyaastii 65%. god Open miino ku saabsan 30% dhuxusha. The pool meesha waa sii buuxsan, dhowr dersin dhuxusha diyaarinta dhirta.

Heerka qalabka soo saarta qalabka matoorada lagu qiyaasay by khubaro sare. Iyada oo technologizing ku filan, ilaa xad magdhawo, haddii aan ka hadlo qiimeynta rajo xun oo la inoo siiyey by kor ku xusan, ma aha meel juqraafi arrin aan fiicnayn ee Basin Kuznetsk ah. Ie faa'iidada waxaa lagu wanaajiyey hordhaca ah ee ballaaran ee mishiino.

Sidee berrinka

Ogow meesha weysada dhuxusha Kuznetsk, waxaan ka dhigi kara nooc oo kala duwan oo aragti waxtar leh - galay taariikhda dhulka duurka. Dhuxul - a macdanta deposit kuwaas oo ilo loo sameeyay in ka badan malaayiin sano. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in layers ay ugu muhiimsan ee halkan in muddada Jacka sameeyay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu horeysay ee halkan kaxeynayo dhuxul-sita ayaa hore u muuqday in muddada Permian, ie ku saabsan 250 million. Years ka hor. Ka hor this, sida aan ogaaday in Haseyeeshee, Kuzbass ahaa bay ugu horeysay oo badda, oo mar dambe - bannaanka ku leh meel badan oo dhulal.

arrimaha dabiiciga ah iyo aadmiga horumarka

Waa waxtar leh in la baaro ma aha oo kaliya goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee weysada dhuxusha Kuznetsk, laakiin sidoo kale dhinacyada ka tarjumaya sida farsamooyinka muhiimka ah ee dhexgalka ah ee dabiiciga ah iyo dhisay in uu meesha arrimood aadmiga. Umuliya River foomamka wax-u network "hydrographic". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, balliga ayaa sidoo kale u tallaabay by webiga Tom ah, khayraadka biyaha, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalay baahida warshadaha iyo gudaha gobolka.

In qaybta galbeed ee deebaajiga gaaray heer si cadaalad sare ee magaalaynta. Saamaynta ugu weyn ee factor aadanaha lagu arkay meelaha woqooyi Kemerovo oo ku saabsan Mezhdurechensk.

guryaha dhuxusha

Ma aha oo kaliya meesha juqraafiyeed ee Basin Kuznetsk ay go'aamiso faa'iidada ah ee warshadaha halkan ka hawlgala. Aragtida ugu muhiimsan - sifooyinka dhuxusha, oo ay tayo leh. Maxay yihiin qaababka ugu muhiimsan ee halkan macdanta miino? Kuzbass raznosortnyh dhuxusha ku filan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tayada badan oo noocyada ay ayaa lagu qiyaasay by khubaro sare. Waxaa jira noocyo la vitrinite sare oo - ilaa 90%, qiimaha calorific - ilaa 8600 Kcal / kg. dhuxulo Kuzbass loo isticmaali karaa sida coke shidaalka ee baahida warshadaha iyo warshadaha kiimikada. The hantida ugu muhiimsan ee macdanta ugu weyn ee Basin Kuznetsk ah - processing gaadhista. Tani waxay kor u furmay rajo badan oo horumar dheeri ah oo duurka ku taal oo ku kooban in shirkadaha ay. Gaar ahaan, boqolkiiba weyn ee dhoofinta shaqaalaha shirkadaha warshadaha ee lagu gaadhi karo dhuxusha ma aha oo kaliya, iyo noocyada kala duwan ee wax soo saarka qiimo-daray salaysan waxa on. Waxa intaa dheer in dhuxusha ee gobolka Kuzbass ayaa sidoo kale awood u leeyihiin in ay soo saaraan sort qaar ka mid ah gaaska dabiiciga ah. Oo kanu waa meel kale rajo duurka iyo horumarinta gobolka oo dhan.

iftiimisay saadaasha dhaqaalaha

Maxay yihiin waxqabadka la taaban karo oo ka mid ah shirkadaha of Kuzbass? Sidee la xiriira juquraafi ahaan meesha oo ka mid ah Kuznetsk Dhuxul Basin ee dhinaca mustaqbalka horumarka ah deebaaji? Falanqeeyayaal, iyo sidoo kale wakiilo ka wareegyada ganacsiga ku hawlan in industry ee sifaha xaalada warshadaha dhuxusha ee Kuzbass sida ay u adag. In dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay waxaa jiray qaar ka mid ah Degenaansho in heerka wax soo saarka oo ka mid ah macdanta ugu weyn. Waxaa jira version in this qayb gaar ah oo xasaasi ah dhibaatooyinka. Gaar ahaan, waa xaqiiqo dhab ah oo - u dhicii ee 2008-2009, qiimaha kala duwan qaar ka mid ah dhuxusha hoos u dhacay dhowr jeer.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa rumaysan rajada horumarka of deposit waa mid aad u kala duwan. Waxa ay tahay mid aad u muhiim ah - xaqiijiyay kartida degaanka shirkadaha inay la qabsadaan si ay dhibaatada xaaladaha. Kor waxaannu xusay in qiimaha dhuxusha galay dhibaatada ku dhacday. Ka dib markii koritaanka xooggan ee 2000 ee gobolka Kemerovo hoos u-soo-saarka ee 2008-2009. Laakiin mar hore 2010, anigaa hoose ayaa gaartay heer ah in ka hor u dhicii ahaa. In sano ee ku xiga, heerka wax soo saarka dhuxusha si tartiib ah u kacay in Kemerovo.

Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee horumarka berrinka, sida khubarada qaar ka mid ah - raadinta suuqyo cusub. Si taas oo, gaar ahaan, booska qaraabo Kuznetsk wadooyinka gaadiidka iyo maddiibad fiican loogama loo habeeyey. Waxaa ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka gaar deg-deg ah ee Kuzbass - qiimaha sare ee bixinta dhuxusha, sabab ah category ee tayo liita.

Isla mar ahaantaana, khubaro heer sare mahadnaqayo, sida aan ku sheegay, tayada dhuxusha. In la xidhiidha kharashka taas oo go'aan ka booska qaraabo Waddooyinkiisa gaadiidka weysada Kuznetsk la magdhow kartaa danta of iibsiga warshadaha shidaalka tayada damaanad qaaday Kemerovo. Marar badan, adkaysato falanqeeyayaasha, dhuxusha ka Kuzbass, xataa dalalka la dhaqaalaha ugu horumaray laga yaabaa in sidoo kale noqon aasaas u ah wax soo saarka kharash-ool ah. Tusaale ahaan, in Japan, waxaa jira shirkado badan oo ku hawlan processing qoto dheer oo shidaal ka Russia, oo sababtay in wax soo saarka waa waxyaabaha dalbaday by suuqa iyo qiime ah ku daray sare.

Waxaa ka mid ah waxyaabaha ay suurto gal ah in uu noqon karaa mid natiijada processing qoto dheer oo dhuxul ka Kuzbass - ". Syngas" waxa loogu yeero Waxaa loo adeegsan karaa in saldhiga korontada sida qayb ka soo saaridda ka mid ah qaybaha kala duwan ee warshadaha kiimikada. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, dhuxusha methane sariirta la soo saaray laga yaabaa, oo weliba, oo tiro badan. Dhamaadkii 2000 ee gobolka Kemerovo waa mid ka mid ah ugu horeysay ee Russia jihada mashruuca waxaa la hirgeliyey.

Rajada laga qabo fulinta hawlahaasi, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sidaa leh, ugu cad - loo abuuray, in fact, a warshadaha qaran cusub, wax soo saarka ee nooc cusub oo ka mid ah waxyaabaha la samayn doonaa, oo waxaa jiri doona horudhaca farsamooyinka cusub, adeegyada, abuuri doonaa shaqooyin badan. Sida ee kaydka ah methane coalbed - Kemerovo, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro badan oo, tani waa waayahay. Waxaa la og yahay, tusaale ahaan, beerta Taldinskoye reserve u dhiganta ka badan 40 bln. CU.

Marka la eego xaqiiqada ah in gaadiidka iyo meel juquraafi ahaaneed ee Basin Kuznetsk ah waxa lagu gartaa khubaro badan oo aanay fiicnayn, diiradda horumarka mustaqbalka ee deposit waa in ay ahaataa, sida ay leeyihiin falanqeeyayaasha qaar ka mid ah, inuu xidho dhoofinta dhuxusha ma aha sidaas u badan sida badeecada. rajada Hirgelinta jihada this ku xiran tahay saddex arrimood oo waaweyn. Marka hore, waxaa waxaa loo kordhiyay ay joogaan in ay gudaha suuqa, iyo waxay ku xiran tahay, dabcan, ku doonayaan inay kor u xoogga dhuxusha shirkadaha of koronto awood warshadaha. Marka labaad, waa siyaasad, si loo ilaaliyo danaha kayd ganacsi ee dhinaca ay la dhexgalo ciyaartoyda dibada ka ah - guul aagga this shaqada, markeeda, waxay ku xiran tahay, sida khubaro rumaysan, on diyaarinta ah ee hay'adaha dawladda si ay u fuliyaan tallaabooyinka protectionist isku xigta. Saddexaad, waa helitaanka deyn iyo maalgelin kale - factor this inta badan loo dejiyay by dhaqdhaqaaqa ciyaartoyda dhaqaale.

Enrichment dhuxusha sida mudnaanta ugu muhiimsan

Mid ka mid ah ugu wanaagsan, sida ay khubaro badan, isbeddellada horumarinta Kuzbass, iyo sidoo kale dhammaan warshadaha dhuxusha ee Ruushka oo dhan - waa dhismaha xarumaha falanqeeyo dhuxusha. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, ee dhaqdhaqaaqa ee hirgelinta technology u dhigma jiho ee Russia ayaa lagu qiyaasay by falanqeeyayaasha sida isagoo ugu sarreeya. Tusaale ahaan, in awoodaha badan oo kale dhuxusha soo saara - Australia, ama South Africa - kobcinta dhaqan ku dhowaad dhammaan warshadaha warshadaha. Haddii Kuzbass isku mid noqon doona, waxaa jira fursad ah, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa waxay aaminsan yihiin in xaaladda macaamiisha si ixtiraam leh in Basin Kuznetsk iyo wadooyinka gaadiidka, in mabda, in lagu hayaa in ugu yaraan in view of saamaynta on meelmar dhaqaale ee shirkadaha maxalliga ah.

Dhammaan ka sii daran inuu haatan ku Kuzbass leeyihiin natiijooyin la taaban karo jihada this. Boqolkiiba daaweynta beneficiation dhuxusha halkan - in ka badan 40%. Haddii aan si gaar ah ay ka hadlaan waxa loogu yeero "tamarta" ee cayn kasta - in ka badan 25%. Tani waa dhowr jeer ka badan, tusaale ahaan, in 2000 hore. In gobolka Kemerovo uu leeyahay dhowr shirkadaha darsin processing. Inta badan mashaariicda cusub macdanta, mid ka mid ah ama qaab kale, oo la xiriira is-dhexgalka galay qaabka diyaarinta dhirta dhuxusha. xoogga A badan teknoolajiyada codsiga gelinaya xoogga isku daraa awood u leh inay la tacaalaan kala duwan wax dhuxul ah - tamarta iyo coking labadaba. Isla mar ahaantaana boqolkiiba gaar ah oo ka mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee xarumaha ku yaal gobolka Kemerovo ah, sida khubaro badan oo rumaysan, waa hantida huriye. Qaar badan oo ka concentrators ayaa ka hawlgala muddo ka badan 50 sano. Lagama maarmaanka ah, falanqeeyayaasha ayaa sidaa leh, oo casriyaynaysa ilaha wax soo saarka.

tabo cusub

Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee lagu hagaajinayo faa'iidada ah ee shirkadaha ee Kuzbass - hal-abuurnimo. howlaha horumarka leh waxaa tirtay ma waxaa fiican haddii aad raacdo mid ka mid ah qoraalkii ka, booska uu ka Dhuxul Kuznetsk ku Basin ee la xiriirta inuu qaado jidadka kor ku xusan. Gaar ahaan, dhamaadka 2000 ka, a park warshadaha gaar ah loo adkeeyey ee gobolka, kuwaas oo lagu horumariyo iyo dhaqan noocyo kala duwan oo teknoolajiyada in la kordhiyo tayada iyo ammaanka macdanta dhuxusha. Waxaa jira miinooyinka ee gobolka Kemerovo, halkaas oo saaridda ee macdanta dhulka ka buuxda iswada - wax soo saarka shaqada ayaa aad uga badan ee caadiga ah.

factor taageero gobolka

Dhab ahaan baan u tilmaamay hab ay of dhexgalka arrimo muhiim ah in la go'aamiyo guusha horumarinta dheeraad ah oo Kuzbass: ballaarinta of suuqa gudaha, ilaalinta masuuliyiinta, iyo sidoo kale hawlaha ganacsiga iyo maal ee dhinaca of credit iyo taageero dhaqaale si shirkadaha warshadaha ayaa noqotay saldhig u tahay koritaanka qeybta. Waxa kale oo aanu soo aragnay sida ay rajo ah oo la filayo faa'iido Kuznetsk Dhuxul Basin, booska juquraafi ah oo ixtiraam leh in ay macaamiisha ku khubaro badan u muuqataa in ka yar aan fiicnayn.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shaqo ee gobolka waa inay ahaato, sida ay sheegayaan falanqeeyayaasha, ka sii muhiimsan, ka baxsan baaxadda hirgelinta tallaabooyin protectionist. Features of ganacsatada in ay go'aamiso meesha juquraafi ahaan of Dhuxul Kuznetsk ku Basin, loo yaqaan khubaro dawladeed. Iyo sababta oo ah waxay leeyihiin si ay u fahmaan sida ay falanqeeyayaasha ay aaminsan yihiin in uu noqon doono mid aad u adag oo aan ka tallaabooyinka habboon ee taageerada state of warshadaha dhuxusha of Russia iyo Kuzbass ah.

Waa kuma filna, Khubarada ayaa leh, xadidan oo ay ku dhawaaqo oo xiiso by saarista barnaamijyada dhinacyo badan. Tirada dhabta ah ee tallaabooyin wax ku ool ah in ay gacan ka gaysan karaan horumarinta warshadaha dhuxul ah - sida, tusaale ahaan, daaweynta ahaaneed ee dhinaca of VAT. Ikhtiyaar kale - wanaajinta siyaasadda habaynta deynta ee shirkadaha khasaaraha qaadashada in industry ee, iyo sidoo kale tirtiridda shirkadaha aan tartan. Gaar ahaan, in arrin labaad ee gobolka qaadan kartaa in ka badan qaar ka mid ah waajibaadka bulshada.

qiyaas kale oo suurto gal ah, taas oo dawladaha taageeri karaan shirkadaha of Kuzbass, - gargaar helitaanka deyn raqiis ah. Ama, haddii kale, si ay u fuliyaan qayb ka mid ah lacagta dulsaarka amaahda, taas oo ay u badan tahay, in shuruudaha xaaladda hadda siyaasadeed laga yaabaa in si weyn u koraan ah.

Rajada - oo ay iskaashanayaan

Sida laga soo xigtay khubaro badan, oo ay ku jiraan howlaha muhiimka ah ee maadooyinka ee warshadda macdan qodista ee nooc kasta ah, taas oo saamayn ku faa'iidada iyo guulaha dhaqaale ee shirkada - awood u leh inay dhisaan iskaashi - labada heer ee gudaha iyo kuwa caalamiga ah, labadaba marka la eego is dhexgalka maamulka iyo shirkadaha dawladdu leedahay, iyo jihada of leh ganacsiga gaarka loo leeyahay ka shaqeeya. Xaqiiqada ah in goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee weysada dhuxusha Kuznetsk guud ahaan aan xad in faa'iidada, garan dhowaad dhammaan ciyaartoyda suuqa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, rabitaanka in ay iskaashi la shirkadaha of Kuzbass ganacsiyo badan ayaa soo bandhigeysa aad raalli ka ah, oo ay ku jiraan dibada.

door weyn ka ciyaari heshiisyada ma aha oo kaliya oo ganacsi, sida badan oo kala duwan dhacdooyinka dadweynaha: bandhigyo, carwooyinka, shirarka, forums. Waa iyaga oo ku saabsan, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro, asaas u ah iskaashiga u dhexeeya shirkadaha Ruush iyaga dhexdooda iyo ka qaybgalka ciyaartoyda waaweyn ee ajnabiga ah. dhacdooyinka noocan oo kale ah, gaar ahaan, ciyaaray, sida laga soo xigtay qaar ka mid ah falanqeeyayaasha, doorka aadka u muuqda in looga gudbo cawaaqibka ka mid ah shirkadaha of Kuzbass 2008-2009 dhibaatada. Inta lagu guda jiro shows ganacsiga qabtay gelin sannadahaas, ayaa lagu qabtay kun oo shirarka, boqolaal ka mid ah, kuwaasi oo ay loogu talagalay hirgelinta mashaariicda wadajir ah.