Biraha Amphoteric iyo xoolahoodii,

Biraha Amphoteric - yihiin walxaha fudud oo qaab-dhismeedka, kiimikada iyo guryaha jirka la mid ah kuwa kooxda element macdan ah. isu By, biraha ma noqon karaan guryaha amphoteric, in la barbardhigo xeryahooda ay. Tusaale ahaan, oxides iyo hydroxides biraha qaarkood waxay leeyihiin nooca kiimikada dual - in shuruudo gaar ah ay u dhaqmaan sida acids iyo leeyihiin guryaha alkalis kale.

Biraha Basic amphoteric - waa aluminium, zinc, chromium, iyo bir. Kooxdaan waxaa ka mid ah xubno ka beryllium iyo strontium.

Waa maxay amphoteric?

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay, hantida this la ogaaday waqti dheer ka hor. Oo ereyga "xubno amphoteric" ayaa lagu soo bandhigay in 1814 sayniska by farmashiye si fiican u yaqaan thenar iyo L. J. Gay-Lussac. Oo waagaas, kiimiko loo isticmaalo in la kala qaybiyey koox koox oo kulmay guryaha aasaasiga ah inta lagu guda jiro dareen-celinta.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kooxda reer oxides iyo saldhigyadii hantidaan dual awoodda. Under xaaladaha qaar ka mid ah, walxaha sida u dhaqmaan sida alkali kale, on lid ku ah, u dhaqmaan sida acids. In ereyga "amphoteric" iyo sidaas oo kacday. Waayo, kuwanu kiimikada Habdhaqankiisii reaction acid-salka ku xiran tahay xaaladda of hirgelintiisa, nooca reactants ku lug leh iyo sidoo kale astaamaha dareeraha ah.

Waxa xiiso leh, in vivo Biraha amphoteric la falgala labada alkali iyo acid. Tusaale ahaan, inta lagu guda jiro dareen la aluminium sulfate acid soo saaray aluminium sulfate. Oo dareen isku leh biraha alkali cusbo adag xoog la aasaasay.

saldhigyadii Amphoteric iyo Xoolahooda inay aasaasiga ah

Under xaaladaha caadiga ah, cunnooyinka adkaha this. Waxay ficil ahaan ma baabbi'isaa biyaha iyo waxaa loo arkaa electrolytes halkii daciif.

Habka aasaasiga ah si loo helo saldhig sida - cusbo biraha by reaction leh qadar yar oo ah alkali ah. reaction roobab waa in si tartiib ah oo si taxadir leh u qaadeen. Tusaale ahaan, in diyaarinta hydroxide zinc in tube imtixaan la chloride zinc ah si taxadar leh hadalkiisa raaciyay hydroxide sodium dropwise. Mar kasta oo aad u baahan tahay in ay wax yar ka gilgil weelka si aad u aragto Texas bir cad hoose ee suxuunta.

Iyada oo acids iyo oxides acid walxaha amphoteric fal sida saldhig. Tusaale ahaan, falcelinta ee hydroxide zinc la Aashito waxaa la aasaasay of chloride zinc.

Laakiin inta lagu guda jiro dareen diidmo la saldhigyada saldhig amphoteric u dhaqmaan sida acids.

Sidoo kale, marka kululaynta xoog hydroxides amphoteric yihiin giirte si ay u sameeyaan u dhiganta xabagta ku amphoteric iyo biyo.

The Biraha amphoteric ugu caansan: sharaxaad kooban

Zinc waxaa loola jeedaa koox ka mid ah xubno ka amphoteric. Inkastoo Alloys ee wax this ayaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa in ilbaxnimo ee qadiimiga ah, in qaabka saafi waxaa loo aqoonsado oo kaliya ee 1746.

birta saafiga filan waa wax jilic midab buluug. In si degdeg ah hawada oxidized zinc - dims ay dusha iyo daboolay filim khafiif ah oo xabagta.

In dabiiciga ah, zinc ka jira inta badan ee foomka of macdanta - zincite, smithsonite, Calamita. The wax-ugu wanaagsan ee loo yaqaan - blende this, oo ka kooban tayadda zinc. The kayd weyn ee macdanta this waxaa laga helaa Bolivia iyo Australia.

Aluminum maanta loo arkaa birta ugu badan caalamka. Alloys Its loo isticmaalay qarniyo, iyo in 1825 walax la go'doonsan qaab saafi ah.

aluminium daahir yahay lacag ah biraha miisaanka yar. Waxa uu si fudud machined oo loo shubay. element waxa uu leeyahay conductivity korontada iyo kulka sare. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, biraha tani waa iska caabiya daxalka. Xaqiiqada ah in ay dusha waxaa lagu daboolayaa xabagta filim khafiif ah, laakiin aad u adkaysta.

Si aad u taariikhda, aluminium si weyn loo isticmaalaa in industry ee.