Been abuurtay qarnigii 19aad

19-20 been abuurtay qarnigii tiro badan yihiin. Waxa ugu muhiimsan waxaa loo yeedhi karaa sawir, miinada, formaldehyde aniline waayo, dhar. Intaa waxaa dheer, laga helay hababka jaban ee samaynta warqad, khamriga, Abuurtay daawooyin cusub.

Been farsamada ee qarnigii 19aad ahaayeen muhiimad weyn ee horumarka bulshada. Sidaas, iyadoo la kaashanayo dadka telegaraafka Fariimaha diro ilbiriqsi gudahood hal dhamaadka ah ee dunida inuu kale oo ka soo. Been abuurtay telegaraafka ee 1850. Wax yar ka dib, waxaan bilaabay in ay u muuqdaan khadadka telegaraafka. Graham Bell abuurtay telefoonka. Maanta dadka, nolosha ma qiyaasi kartaa iyada oo aan helay this.

been abuurtay qarnigii 19aad adduunka oo dhan ayaa la keenay bandhiga ee 1851 ee England. Waxaa goob joog ka ahaa ku saabsan toddoba iyo toban kun bandhigaa. In sano ee ku xiga, dalalka kale, ka dib markii Tusaale ahaan ee Great Britain, sidoo kale wuxuu bilaabay in uu abaabulo bandhigyo caalami ah oo ka mid ah guulaha ugu dambeeyay.

been abuurtay qarnigii 19aad noqday wadadii awood horumarinta chemistry, physics, xisaabta. feature A ee muddada ay tani tahay isticmaalka baahsan ee korontada. Seynisyahanno lagu baranayay waqtiga hirarka electromagnetic iyo raadka ay ku leeyihiin waxyaabo kala duwan. Waxaan bilaabay in ay isticmaalaan korontada iyo daawooyinka.

Michael Faraday loo arkay arrin ku induction electromagnetic, aragti electromagnetic iftiinka waxaa loogu talagalay by James C. Maxwell. Genrih Gerts muujiyeen in hirarka electromagnetic jira.

alifay ee qarnigii 19aad oo ah berrimmadii daawo iyo biology ahaayeen uma kale ahmiyad yarayn badan ee beeraha kale sayniska. kaalin weyn horumarinta warshadaha waxay leeyihiin: Robert Koch helay wakiilka sababaya cudurka qaaxada, Louis Pasteur, kaasoo noqday mid ka mid ah Aasaasayaasha ayidhi iyo immunology, Klod Bernar, kuwaas oo aasaaskii endocrinology dhigay. Qarnigii la mid ah waxaa lagu heli sawirka ugu horeeya ee X-ray. dhakhaatiirta Faransiis Brissot iyo Lond arkay rasaas madaxa bukaanka.

been abuurtay qarnigii 19aad ayaa berrin joogay ee xiddigaha. sayniska wuxuu bilaabay si loo horumariyo si degdeg ah ee Zaman this. Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaa jiray qayb ka mid ah xiddigaha - UCLA, ayaa baranayay sifooyinka jidhadhka samada.

kaalin weyn horumarinta chemistry soo bandhigay Dmitri Mendeleev, helay sharciga wareegsan, kaas oo miiska xubno ka kiimikada ah ayaa loo abuuray. Shaxda uu riyo ku arkay. Qaar ka mid ah xubno ka saadaalin laga helay ka dib.

bilowgii qarnigii 19aad waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay by horumarinta injineernimada iyo warshadaha. In 1804 gaariga ayaa lagu muujiyay in engine shiilayo. Qarnigii 19-engine ku sari gudaha ayaa la aasaasay. Waxay qeyb ka tahay horumarinta hab dhakhso ah gaadiidka: Maraakiibta, tareen iyo baabuurta.

Qarnigii 19-kii bilaabay inuu wax dhiso waddooyinka tareennada. marka hore waxa la dhisay 1825 by Stephenson ee England. By 1840, dhererka tareenka waxay ahayd abbaaraha 7700 km, dhamaadka qarnigii 19aad waxay ahayd abbaaraha 1.08 million km.

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in dadka bilaabeen in ay adeegsadaan kombiyuutarada ee qarniga 20aad. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka prototypes ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah mar horeba la been abuurtay qarnigii hore. Jacquard reer France ee 1804 furay jidka loo maro barnaamijka gooynayaa. war abuurashadoodii wuxuu kuu ogol yahay dunta gacanta isticmaalaya kaarar feer, oo ay ku qoran godad meelo gaar ah. Iyada oo furan, kuwaas oo loogu tala galay codsiga of dunta on dhar ah.

Been abuurtay qarnigii 18aad, lathes, qarnigii 19aad ayaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa in industry ee. Qalabka si guul bedelo shaqada Buuggan, processing biraha usii sare.

qarnigii 19aad ee unbaa loo yaqaan qarnigii ah "kacaankii warshadaha", tareenka iyo korontada. qarnigii waxa uu saamayn wayn ku dunida iyo dhaqanka aadanaha, badalka ay nidaamka qiimaha. alifay ee nalalka korontada, raadiyaha, telefoonka, motor iyo daahfurtay in kale oo badan oo u soo jeestay nolosha aadanaha ee wakhtigaas.