Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah: qorshaha hawlgallada iyo marxaladaha

Battle of Peninsula Kerch ahaa mid ka mid ah weerar ugu weyn ee ciidamada Cas marxalad hore ee dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic. Waxay la qabtay xaalado aad u adag. Sidaas darteed of fashilka hawlgalka ayaa bandhigi dhibaatooyinka Army Soofiyeeti iyo Navy, taas oo ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah si looga fogaado khaladaadka mustaqbalka. Ilaa ay caga Allied ee Normandy Battle of Peninsula Kerch ahaa mid ka mid ah ugu hami.

prehistory

shaqo Crimea bilaabay 1941. By dayrta hore, Wehrmacht ku qabtay ku dhawaad dhulka oo dhan sii buurayn ee Yukreeniyaan ah. Ka dib Kiev rajaynayo weerar la waayay. Sida ee "dheri" waxay ahayd qayb weyn ciidammada hufan ee hore oo dhan. Waxay bilaabeen inay u qaxaya bari. Bishii September, Jarmalka ay horey u ahaayeen on habab si Crimean ah. Muhiimadda Jasiiradda dhammaataan fahamsan yahay labada dhinac. Marka hore, waxa uu siiyaa gacanta qaybta ugu of Badda Madow. Gaar ahaan, sababtoo ah Turkey ee isbedela. Kaas oo, inkasta oo ay taageerayaan Reich Saddexaad, laakiin dagaal ma galaan.

Peninsula sidoo kale saldhig hawada wanaagsan. Waxaa la isaga duulaya qarax Soviet, kuwaasi oo ay codsatay weerarada cirka istiraatiiji ah oo ku saabsan ceelasha saliidda Romanian ahaa. Sidaa darteed, on 26 September Wehrmacht tageen oo weerar dhul ah. In ka yar bil kadib Jasiiradda ku dhowaad gebi ahaanba la qabsaday. Ciidamada Soviet tegey on Taman. Waxaa jiray oo kaliya Sevastopol, kuwaas oo difaaca geesinimada ayaa weli socda. Wakhtigan, ee Battle of Peninsula Kerch ee ku dhashay Stavka.

tababarka

Sidaas darteed of bixitaanka Crimean ah, meesha kaliya ee ahayd iska caabin ah ee Sevastopol. City qabtay daafaca geesinimada, inkastoo xannibaadda dhamaystiran oo dhulka, oo kaliya sahayda qayb badda. Jarmalka ayaa qaaday a dabeylo yar, laakiin kulligood way wada diraha. Sidaa darteed, Taliyaha Ciidanka Group Manstein go'aansadeen in ay hareereeyeen. Si aad isku wareejiyeen agglomeration weyn qaatay ku dhowaad dhammaan ciidanka. At doonta Kerch isku difaacay ka mid ah horyaalka heerka keliya ee Wehrmacht ah.

Battle of Peninsula Kerch horumartay by General Kozlov. Wixii xaqiijinta Labo Kooxood ay ku lug. laba toddobaad gudahood, uu hoggaaminayay General Kozlov horumariyo Jidka suurto gal degtey. La'aan kaydka ka soohdinta Iran ciidankiisii oo dhan waxaa ka noqday. The Battle of Peninsula Kerch la qoondeeyey dhamaadka on 26 December. Qorshaha ayaa waxaa kamid dhabar jab ku wadajira si Feodosia iyo Strait. Ciidamada Soviet lahaa in la wado Jarmalka oo magaalada dibaddeeda ah, ka dibna isku wareejiyeen kooxda cadowga oo dhan. Command filayaa guul degdeg ah, tan iyo markii ay ciidamada ugu weyn Jarmalka ayaa ku urursan dhow Sevastopol. At isla Kerch baa qarisay kaliya ciidankii yar oo Jarmalka iyo ciidammadoodii Romanian yar. Horeba wakhtigaas in Shaqaalaha ogaa xeryahooda Romania waa mid aad u kacsan inay weerar weyn oo aan xambaaran karin on difaaca dheer.

Haddii guul, ciidamada Cas awoodi doonaan in ay cadowga kooxaynta degaanka ee Jasiiradda baabbi'in. Tani waxay u saamixi lahaa pass caqabad qayb cusub xeebta leh Taman. Ka dib markii in, ciidamada Soviet si dhakhso ah yaabaa inay u dhaqaaqdo galbeed oo ka dhacay dhabarka dambe ee ciidamada Jarmalka, hareera Sevastopol. Sida by Kozlov uuraysatay, ka dib markii ay dib-u-furitaanka magaalada bilaabi kartaa weerar baaxad weyn oo ah in Crimean ah.

shaqo joojin marka hore

Battle of Peninsula Kerch ee 1941-1942 bilaabay lixaad iyo labaatan of December. "Taageerada" dharbaaxo ugu horeysay ayaa waxaa lagu dhuftay. Wuxuu ma aha oo kaliya curyaan ah ciidamada cadowga, laakiin goolka ugu weyn ee soo Haddhay, inuu fiiro - Feodosiya. Iyada oo taageero ka Badda Madow Fleet, Ciidamada Soviet qarsoodi dhawaaday xeebta. Ka dib markii daba jog madaafiic ahaa ayaa bilaabay caga. Caga dhacay xaalado aad u adag. xeebta wuxuu ahaa mid aan ku haboon maraakiibta joogsan iyo shaqaalaha saran. Sidoo kale, kooxda Jarmalka ayaa bilaabay duqeyn socda. Sidaa darteed, askari u lahaa in ay ku boodaan biyaha sida ugu dhakhsaha badan si qoto dheer ku filan si ay u tagaan. Waa maalin December qabow Army Red waxay ahaayeen qoorta-u qoto dheer ee biyaha baraf. Sidaas darteed, waxaa jiray weyn khasaaro caafimaadka sabab u hypothermia. Laakiin dhawr maalmood ka dib markii heerkulka ka sii hoos, iyo Strait ku dhegtay. Sidaa darteed, inta ka dhiman ciidanka 51-th ahaa horumarinta guud ahaan barafka horeba.

Battle of Peninsula Kerch ee 1941-1942 oo ku saabsan jihada ugu weyn ee ku-sagaalaad labaatan tirada. Si ka duwan ka degaya Kerch, Feodosia caga qaadataa meel si toos ah dekedda. Askarta ayaa ku degay xeebta oo markiiba loola cararay dagaal. In kaliya maalintii ugu horeysay ee aan u suurtagashay in ay dalka ku saabsan 40 kun oo qof oo labada dhinacba. Magaalada ciidankii Jarmal ahaa saddex kun oo qof. Ay iska caabin ahaa awoodaan si loo xakameeyo dhamaadka maalinta. Ka dib soo caga dhiganaya Feodosia badan naasiga oo ku hanjabay dhamaystiran Buuloburde ayaa. In Kerch dibadda lagu qabtay mid ka mid ah horyaalka heerka keliya ee jihada buurta Jarmal iyo Romania.

gurasho

At GHQ dhow isla markiiba bartay natiijada keenay Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah. Ciidamada xisbiyada ee Kerch waxay ahaayeen qummanaynu. Ciidamada Soviet ahaayeen dhowr jeer ka badan Jarmal ee tirada. Sidaa darteed, General von Sponeck ayaa go'aansaday in ay bilaabaan dib u gurasho galbeed. Order wuxuu bilaabay inuu isla markiiba ciyaaro. Naasiga gurteen si looga fogaado ku biiray Labadii Col degtey. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Taliyaha hore ee Crimean Manstein ka reebnay wax u gurasho kasta. Wuxuu ka cabsanayay in ay dhacdo of bixitaanka Ciidamada Soviet awoodaan in ay la qabsadaan la ciidammadii Jarmal iyo Romania iyo iyaga looga wada baabbi'iyo noqon doonaa.

In uu ahaa qorshaha, iyo hoggaanka Soviet. Guuldaradan ayaa ciidanku Kerch u horseedi doono yaraanta ciidamada Jarmal. wadada Sevastopol la furay si ay u Army Cas. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciidamada sameeyey ayaa si degdeg ah oo aan loo horumariyo. Halkii xal deg deg ah galbeed, ciidanka iyo afartan afaraad dhaqaaqay jihada of Kerch si ay ula kulmaan ciidanka konton ugu horeysay. dib u dhac Tani waxay ogol yahay Jarmalka inay soo galaan a in line cusub ee difaaca u dhow Sivash ah. Waxaa jiray kaydka jiido iyo hub culus. In Berlin, isla markiiba waxay bilaabeen in ay ka jawaabaan sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ay ogaadeen in bilaabay Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah. Stage 1 ogol yahay ciidamada Soviet inay soo galaan a xeebta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaybta ugu daran waxay ahayd inay u yimaadaan.

meel adag

Ka dib guuldaradii ee Jarmalka halbeegyo Feodosia iyo Kerch Red Army ahaayeen kuwo aad u daallan. Tan waxa u sabab ugu horrayn si ay xaalado adag oo ka mid ah dhulka. biyo Ice, saamaynta heerkulka hooseeya iyo gobolka kale ee xun ee caafimaadka dadka. On bridgehead ma uu isbitaalka hal. Sidaa darteed, ciidamada dhaawacmay lahaa in ay ku tiirsanaadaan daaweynta gargaarka degdegga ah. Waxay ka dibna la geeyay Kerch iyo halkaas ka, badda in waynaha. Dhaawac halis ah had iyo jeer ma ay awoodaan in ay ka gudbaan jidka dheer noocan oo kale ah.

Sidoo kale, waxa aan suurto gal ahayd in la dhiso doon ah sababta oo ah weeraro joogto ah by diyaarad Jarmal. lacag difaaca ayaa ka samatabbixin on time. Sidaas daraaddeed, in fact diyaaradda ma la kulmaan wax iska caabin ah. Sidaas darteed, taas si dhab ah u saameeyeen maraakiib badan.

Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah: marxaladda 2aad

In ka yar todobaadkii Army Red inay fashiliyeen xeebaha oo dhan. caabin faashistihii waxaa cadaadis si deg deg ah oo ku filan. Sababo la hubin in qayb ka mid ah dalka Romania, Wehrmacht galay ay xubin ka mid ah shaqaalaha oo ka mid ah saraakiisha Jarmal. difaaca ayaa ku xoogaystay ay weheliyaan Sivash guutada reserve lugta ah. jihada ugu weyn ee dharbaaxo u Ciidamada Soviet ahaa tareenka ee, kuwaas oo la siiyo ciidamada 11 ee Wehrmacht ah. Iyada oo la tixgelinayo itaaldarrada ciidamada Nazi, Taliyaha Bet in sare amar ku bixiyay in weerar deg deg ah ku West ah. Sida laga soo xigtay qorshaha, Kozlov lahaa si ay u tagaan si ay gadaalka dambe ee Jarmalka hareera Sevastopol iyo iyaga laga adkaado. Ka dib markii in, waxaa loo qorsheeyay si ay u bilaabaan kale weerar baaxad weyn iyo in ay sii daayaan Crimea oo dhan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guud nahey aad u dheer. Waxa uu rumeysan yahay in uu weli ka maqan khayraadka inay ku tuuraan. Darradaas guul Battle of Kerch Peninsula Ciidamada Soviet keenay niyad qadhaadh. Naasiga counterattacked.

Bisha soo socda, laba iyo afartan ayaa isku diyaarinaya dagaal ah oo baaxad weyn oo cusub. Si ay u taageeraan waxaa la beeray guryaha oo dheeraad ah Sudak. By badda iyo barafka yimid iyo badalkooda rasaas. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mid ka mid ah Jeneraaladii ugu fiican ee Reich Saddexaad ku garaacday Kozlov. Bartamihii bishii January, si lama filaan ah naasiga oo bilaabay in ay weerar. dhabarjab ugu weyn on line ugu liidata deyr leh hore u dhacay isgooyska ee Labadii Col. Saddex maalmood ka dib, Jarmalka si ay asalka u yimid. By dhamaadka siddeed iyo tobnaad ee January dhacay Theodosius. Recently beeray Sudak ka dacay lahaa iska caabin ah ugu baahan. Waayo, ku dhawaad laba isbuuc Army Cas heroically diriray oo ku dhow xoog siiyey noloshooda ee dagaalka. maraakiibta xamuulka sahayda la Halaagay. Ka dib markii khasaaraha ka mid ah dekedda hal ka mid ah Ciidamada Soviet gudbi karin oo kaliya in Kerch on barafka.

Diyaar-garoobo weerar kale

Ka dib markii amarka this abuuray a hore Crimean oo kala duwan. Waxay ka kooban tahay oo hore u jiray in Peninsula iyo ciidanka iyo xiriir cusub. On xadka Iran ayaa laga saaray Ciidamada afartan toddobaad. Command hakanayo oo qadar weyn oo qalabka. Of Tartannada soo diray Guddoomiyaha gaar ah. Waxay bilaabeen diyaar weerar. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in dhamaadka February. Ujeedadu waxay ahayd ciidanka cadowga ah ee Sevastopol, dhab ahaantii, u Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah waxaa loo qorsheeyay in la dilo iyo. Crimean Front xoojiyey regiments madaafiic iyo taangiyada culus inta lagu jiro bisha oo dhan.

Labaatan February weerar toddobaad ayay bilaabeen. Qorshuhu wuxu ahaa in ay xooga saarto dhabar jab weyn ee Kerch. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qorshayaasha hor istaagay by xaaladaha cimilada. dhalaalid The bilaabay, iyo roobab culus ku shubtay. Gaysto, uus hortagi mashiino culus weerar. Haamaha, gaar ahaan culus, ha la socdo lugta ah. Sidaas darteed, Germany waxay ahaayeen in u adkeysan weerarka Ciidanka Cas awoodaan. qaybta hore oo keliya mid ka mid ahaa awoodaan in ay jebiyaan oo khadka daafaca. Isma hor taagi ciribtir ciidanka Romania. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciidamada Soviet ku guuldareystay inuu horumariyo guusha hore. Manstein ogaa in uu ku hanjabo in ay jebiyaan sii daayo Army Red in garabka uu ciidan. Sidaas daraaddeed u cid diray kaydka ee la soo dhaafay si uu u qabto khadka, oo wuxuu u dhiibay natiijada. sii dagaal culus oo ilaa saddexaad ee March. Laakiin dhab ah uu horay u socdo oo ku guuldareystay.

Battle of ciidamada Kerch Peninsula hore Crimean ee sii bartamihii March. Siddeed kooxihii lugta, oo ay taageerayaan laba-demisku taangiga, weerar. Isla mar ahaantaana ee Sevastopol la go'doomiyey ku dhuftay Ciidamada Badda. Laakiin qeybtii ma guulaysan in iyaga ay. Jarmalka milicsato toban weeraro maalin kasta. Laakiin daafaca naasiga 'ma u maamulaan si ay jebiyaan. xeryahooda qaarkood ayaa xoogaa guulo ah, laakiin ma qaban jagada. Ka dib markii in, hore xasilin iyo xoogga dagaalka ayaa hoos u dhacay.

weerar Jarmal

By dhamaadka March Ciidamada Soviet badiyay boqol iyo toban kun oo qof tan iyo markii labada bilaabay Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah. Wejiga saddexaad bilaabay weerarka Jarmalka. Waxaan si taxadir leh oo muddo dheer la qorsheeyey. Sidaas darteed, protrusion hore sameeyay weerarkii lagu guulaysan Red Army (ee loo yaqaan ARC) meeshii qeybinta Romanian la jajabiyey. Ciidamada ugu weyn ee ciidanka Soviet waxaa halkan ku urursan. Iyada oo ku yaalla koonfurta of difaaca qaaday kooxihii saddex keliya.

Manstein go'aansaday in la sameeyo dhaqdhaqaaq ah, waxa Garaaci xagga koonfureed. Si taas loo gaaro, xoojiso weyn loo soo diray in Crimean ah. Panzer Division, oo ka kooban hal boqol iyo siddeetan baabuur gaaray duleedka Sevastopol. Jarmalka ayaa sameeyay baaritaan buuxa oo laga helay liito difaaca oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet. Si loo taageero weerar qorsheysan, naasiga ah ayaa loogu talagalay in ay isticmaalaan diyaaradaha. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, ku amar shakhsi ahaaneed ee Hitler, Jasiiradda loo diray Air Corps. Sidoo kale, diyaarad ka soo Romania yimid. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, doonniyawadayaasha baabuurta si gaar ah ahaayeen Jarmalka.

Ciidamada Soviet ahaayeen aad ugu dhow hore. Tani yeeran markhaatiyaal badan oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka kuwa. Sida laga soo xigtay taariikhyahan, waxa uu ahaa amarkii maqaamkeeda gayin Mehlis Kozlov oo keentay in masiibada ku xiga. Halkii ay ka tagayo kooxihii xaggiisa dambe ay duqeyn ka soo zone, waxay si joogto ah weeraryahanka kexeeyey.

soo gaartay dhimasho

Weerarka bilaabay on toddobaad ee May. weerar Land aviapodgotovka horreeyey. Luftwaffe weeraray bartilmaameed ka hor reconnoitered ah. Sidaas darteed, ciidamada Soviet khasaare meelo badan. ee xarunta of mid ka mid ah ciidammada oo la baabi'iyay. Sidaas darteed, amarka maray in Colonel Kotov.

Maalinta ku xigta bilaabay lugta ah weerar. Iyada oo taageero ka helaya taangiyada culus Jarmalka ayaa dhex maray hore si qoto dheer oo toddoba kiiloomitir. Impact lama filaan ah ku fashilantay in ay ka tarjumayaan in goobtan. Sidoo kale xaggiisa dambe oo ka mid ah ciidamada Red degay. Lambarada ahaayeen yar, laakiin weerar lama filaan ah waxay badda ka keena argagaxa in madaxda sare ee ciidamada Soviet. By May, Manstein sagaalaad galay dagaalka mid ka badan isaga kooxdiisana waxaa ku galay. Jarmalka ayaa u suurtagashay in ay ugu dambeyntii jebin oo hore oo kala qaybsan tahay ku dhawaad koox dhan koonfurta. Isla markiiba ka dib, Wehrmacht ahaa ayaa bilaabay inay kala fur ee waqooyiga, taasoo halis ku dhufan ee garabka ka mid ah Ciidamada ka harsan ee hore ee Crimean.

Waxaan tixgeliyaan xaaladda musiibada ah, habeenkii tobnaad ee May uu jiro wada hadal gaar ah u dhexeeya Stalin iyo Kozlov. Waxaa la go'aansaday in ay ka baxaan in line cusub ee difaaca. Laakiin ka tagay ka dib markii weerar cirka ah weerar ciidanka leaderless Jarmal kari waayeen. dharbaaxo A cusub ayaa waxaa lagu dhuftay jihada of qodaa Cimmerian ah, kaas oo loo xilsaaray doorka line cusub ee difaaca. Battle of Kerch Peninsula Ciidamada Soviet ku guuldareystay. Beeray la weerar hawada Jarmal ka caawiyay in ay ugu dambeyntii jebin oo difaaca. afar iyo tobnaadna wuxuu of May bilaabay qaxidda ee Army Red ka soo Crimean ah. Ka dib markii hal maalin, Germany ayaa xoog ku galay Kerch. Magaalada Garrison diriray ilaa uu soo baxay oo rasaas ah, ka dib markii taas tageen daafacyada oo magaaladii ka soo qoday ahaa.

Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah: Natiijooyinka

Caga Kerch asal ahaan u keenay guusha. qarkiisa cusub ayaa la sameeyay, waxaa suurtagal ah mid ka mid ah weeraro baaxad weyn oo ugu horreeya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, amarka maqaamkeeda gayin ciidamada ayaa keentay in cawaaqib naxdin leh. In yar bilood dagaal culus, Jarmalka u suurtagashay in ay ma aha oo kaliya xil ka, laakiin sidoo kale si ay u tagaan oo ku saabsan weerar. Sidaas darteed, Wehrmacht ku dhuftay weerar istaraatiiji u maleeyeen-baxay, taas oo keentay in guuldarada, kaas oo ku dhamaaday ee Battle of Peninsula Kerch ah. dagaal kooban u sharaxay ku qorada of Kozlov iyo Manstein.

Inkastoo fashilka hawlgalka, waxay ahayd harbinger ah horay weerar guul ku Jasiiradda afartan-afaraad.

Weerarka labaad

Laba sano ka dib guuldaradii naxdinta degay ciidamada cusub ee dekedda Kerch ah. 1944 waxay ahayd sannad ah ee xoraynta Crimea. Marka la qorshaynayo weerarkii lagu qaaday amarkii Jasiiradda si ay u eegaan oo dhan faahfaahinta howlgalka ugu horreeya. Azov raxan ahaa ku hawlan in ay samatabbixin ciidamada. Dacay lahaa shaan ah oo dheeraad ah weerar baaxad weyn.

weerar baaxad weyn oo ah waxaa la isku diyaarineysa waqtigan. Haddaba sidaas daraaddeed dila ka laba jiho. The labaatan labaad ee January dhowaayeen shan iyo toban kun oo ciidamada Red bilowday markabka oo taga si Kerch. Si loo daboolo qalliinka qorshaysan, madaafiic ah Soviet bilaabay duqeyn weyn ee xeebta. dab ugu weyn ayaa sababay ma by meesha degtey si disorient cadowga ah. Sidoo kale, a doomo yar sameeyey dayashada dhulka.

Oo u dhaw in ay habeen iyo labaatan labaad ee January si ay u soo degtey ah ee dekedda leh ee Kerch. 1944 th meel u dhow sida qabow sida 42 daqiiqo ahaa, sidaas Marines ma la kulmeyso khasaare weyn ka hypothermia. Isla markii degtey ee paratroopers loola cararay dagaal oo waxay sameeyeen horumar la taaban karo. Waxaa lagu qabtay qayb muhiim ah oo magaalada ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira yimaado dhinaca kale ciidanka ayaa awoodi waayay in ay jebiyaan oo ka difaaca Jarmal. Sidaa darteed, paratroopers uu lahaa in ay jebiyaan iyaga u gaar ah. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka, mid ka mid ah guuto ah u suurtagashay in ay qabsadaan 170 askari oo Jarmal. dhowr maalmood ka dib, kharaj khasaare weyn, badda ka qarxay deegaanka iyo xidhiidh la leh qaybaha horumarinta. Dhab ahaantii, waxaa la soo noqnoqda Battle of Peninsula Kerch ee 1941-1942, wax badan oo kaliya ka badan guul.