Baabiiyo of serfdom: kooban oo ku saabsan sababaha iyo cawaaqibta

baabiiyo of serfdom, si kooban oo ku saabsan sababaha, shuruud iyo cawaaqibka oo la hoos ku hadli doonaa, waxay ahayd sifo in uu kala qaybsan nolosha dadka iyo taariikhda dalkeena laba qaybood: hor iyo ka dib. In kasta oo Isbadal deeqsi ah oo la taaban karo sida, Alexander Liberator ah oo aan xaqiijin karin ammaanka noloshooda. Laakiin weli, waxa isaga dhalisay in aan qaado tallaabo noocan oo kale ah?

baabiiyo of serfdom: kooban oo ku saabsan sababaha iyo shuruud

Sidaas, sida aad ogtahay, Alexander Emperor ee II oo carshiga ku yimid inta lagu guda jiro mid ka mid ah dagaalladii, taas oo muujisay in dalka u baahan yahay habayn ah. Tani waa sababta ugu horeysay - War Crimean ah, ama halkii ay natiijada. By habka, aqoonta in Russia u baahan yahay dib u habaynta casriga ah, waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah natiijooyinka xilliga this. Marka labaad, waxaa laga yaabaa in la ogaadaa iyo dhibaatooyinka nidaamka dhulgoosadka ee bulshada si wadajir ah ula daal sii dhaqaalaha. Saddexaad, ee gobolka wakhtigaas ka adkaaday , xiisado bulshada, oo ma noqon karaan aasaas u ah isbadal dheeraad ah. Sayidka, sababaha loo baabiiyo of serfdom (si kooban iyaga ku qor) been dushiisa oo aan la tegi karin lama dareemo. Tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in dibuhabaynta ayaa muddo dheer aloosnayd. Ilaa hadda sida arrimo dheeraad ah oo ay ka mid backwardness farsamo iyo horumar ah ee warshadaha, warshadaha more culus, iyo sidoo kale wax soo saarka aad u yar yahay.

baabiiyo of serfdom: kooban oo ku saabsan horumarka dib u habaynta

Si ay u fuliyaan sida isbedel xagjirka ah ee qaab-dhismeedka bulshada adkeyd, balse Alexander II go'aansaday in ay qaataan tallaabo this. Si taas loo gaaro, in 1858 uu bixiyaa awaamir in la dhiso guddi (ugu weyn ee maxalliga ah iyo in gobollada), kaas oo ka hadli doono oo dhan fursado ay suurto gal u tahay horumarka fikrad this. Ka dib markii dhibaato oo dhan ayaa la falanqeeyay, sannad ka dib ku salaysan Guddiga gaarka ah, kaas oo la sixiddiisa xaalad kale oo xisaabinaya khataraha. Next, ka hor ah dibuhabaynta, Golaha Dawladda ee ku saleysan this Isbadal, taas oo ku siinaysaa ay ogolaansho si layliga. Iyo, sida aad ogtahay, on 19 February ee isla sanadkaas yimaado manifesto caanka ah, ugu dhawaaqay dadka Ruush hadda xor ah.

baabiiyo of serfdom: kooban oo ku saabsan muhiimadda ay leedahay

muhiimadda ay falkan of deeqsi Alexander II koobnaa qodobada soo socda:

• Formation suuqa weyn ee shaqada.
• talaabo weyn u abuuridda bulshada madaniga ah ee mustaqbalka la sameeyo.
• horumar dhaqaale iyo dhimaal waxaa qayb ahaan reebay.
• Waxay bilaabeen in ay ka gudbaan sinaan rag & dumar ah.

On top of in ay jireen dhibcood negative liiska this. Tusaale ahaan, gaajo dalka soo ridayeen ah, taasoo keentay in cashuurta sare, anigoo goor xiisado bulshada, sababtoo ah qanacsanaan dadka dhulka leh ee, beeralayda unpreparedness nafsi xoriyadda.

Sidaas darteed, la baabiiyo of serfdom ee 1861, gaaban kaas oo kor lagu sharaxay, talaabada ugu horeysa ee jaranjarada weyn oo dheer oo ka mid ah dib u habaynta weyn ee Alexander Liberator ah, Dhab ahaantii ay dadka siiyey xoriyadda iyo xuquuqda.