Aleksandr Bell: Biography iyo been abuurtay (sawir)

Aleksandr Grehem Bell waxa uu ku dhashay Edinburgh (Scotland) March 3, 1847. Range of danaha saynisyahan Maraykanka iyo hindisa ahaa si aan caadi ahayn u ballaaran. In uu tijaabo la yaab leh ayuu ahaa awoodaan in la isu geeyo farshaxanka iyo sayniska ee codka iyo music, injineernimada korontada iyo farsamo. Waxay ahayd Aleksandr Bell abuurtay telefoonka iyo inta badan qeyb ka ah horumarinta warshadaha ee isgaarsiinta ee dalka Mareykanka.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka

Alexander Melville Bell, hindisa aabbihiis mustaqbalka - nin afaf ka barto xirfad iyo author of shaqo oo baaxad weyn oo ku saabsan farshaxanka codkarnimada ah. Gaar ahaan, waxaa lagu tiriyaa la abuurista nadaamka "Hadalka muuqda", kaas oo u ogolaanaya in ay u gudbiyaan dhawaaqyada hadalka aadanaha by a calaamadaha ku qoran gaar ah ku hadlay. Thanks hadalkii horumarinta si, aan og af qalaad ah, si sax ah, Ninkanu kari qaarkood.

waalidiinta Bell ayaa isku dayay in la siiyo codka xirfadaha codka iyo Cajami ah in uu ina dareenka ugu badnaan. In saddex iyo toban sannadood, Alexander ka School Royal ee Edinburgh qalin, oo sannad ka dib u dhaqaaqay uu awoowe ee London. Halkanna wuxuu si firfircoon waxaa sahaminta ee subtleties of elocution, akhriska iyo suugaanta mowduuc. At da'da lix iyo toban nin dhallinyaro tayo noqdo macallinka hadalkiisaa iyo music ee Weston House Academy. Waxbarashada Jaamacadda Edinburgh Aleksandr Bell ma uusan dhammayn.

U soo guurista America

Muddo gaaban kaddib, laba walaalo ah Bell u dhintay cudurka qaaxada. Dhakhaatiirta talinayaa Alexander in la beddelo xaaladda. Waxa uu go'aansado inuu u dhaqaaqo Kanada. In 1870, qoyska oo dhan deganaa ee Ontario, magaalada la yiraahdo Brantford.

Tan iyo 1871 Alexander Bell ku nool Boston oo ka baraa dugsi gaar ah loogu tala galay ardayda oo Dhago Beeleen. Inta lagu jiro ay hawlgalka, saynisyahan macalinka mustaqbalka si firfircoon uga raadinaya hab ay u muujiyaan kuwii dhegahala'aana wax dhigoodu oo ka mid ah dhawaaqyada hadalka. Gaar ahaan, qalab imtixaanka kaas oo xuub gaar ah sarkhaansan fadhin mowjado dhawaaq ah iyo gariirka ka dhalanaya maray inay irbadda. Irbadda, markeeda, ayuu qoray wargayska xogta on durbaan qoqobada. war abuurashadoodii Tani Bella ahaa wadadii uu uu helay waaweyn.

"Hadalka Telegraph"

In 1876, Exhibition Adduunka (Philadelphia), saynisyahan soo bandhigay dareenka dadweynaha mishiinka la yaab leh, taas oo uu ugu yeeray "telegaraafka hadlaya". Tani waxa ay ahayd telefoonka ugu horeysay Aleksandra Bella. Waad qiyaasi kartaa lama filaan ah xubnaha xeerbeegtida, marka ay awoodaan inay maqlaan ka midaa deenishka Prince metalayo caanka "Si aad u noqoto ama ma noqon doontaa?", Kaas oo waqti isku mid ah ka akhriso qolka ku xiga hindisa isaga qudhiisa ku ahaayeen. Baahnayn in la sheego in xukunka ee xeerbeegtida telefoonka ugu horeysay caalamka ahaa cad - in ay noqdaan?

Work on suurtagalnimada of calaamadaha baahinta ee channels isgaarsiinta saynisyahan bilaabay More in Scotland. Iyadoo in America, ayuu sii horumarinta. muuqaalka kore ee telefoonka ugu horeysay ee adduunka ka qayb qaatay qaar kale oo badan waxay Been xiiso leh.

Tusaale ahaan, meelaha qaar Bella ahaa awoodaan si ay u abuuraan biyaano gaar ah korontada, jidaynayey kala iibsiga by silig dhawaaqa music.

Marka shirkadda "Western Union" ayaa ku dhawaaqay abaal-marin lacag caddaan weyn in qof kasta oo ay heli waayeen si ay u gudbiyaan dhowr telegrams isku mar, iyadoo la isticmaalayo joog oo silig ka dhigeen mid ka mid ah oo kaliya. Hoggaanka isku dayay in la siiyo ilaa khadadka telegaraafka dheeraad ah, iyo Bell u awoodin inuu iyaga xal saxda ah - iyadoo la kaashanayo of its horumarinta noqday suurto gal ah ilaa gudbiyaan si 7 telegrams mar!

In uu raad cilmi ah Bell dhow ula shaqeeyey Thomas Watson, iyo si waafaqsan shuruucda koronto uu la tashaday saynisyahan caan ka Boston D. Henry.

cilmiga nolosha Personal

June 11, 1877 Alexander Bell guursaday arday hore Meybl Habbard. Haweenaydii hindisa lunsan iyada maqalka ee carruurnimada hore, da'da afar sano, ka dib markii xanuusanaya oo xumad casaan. Ka dib xafladdii arooska lamaanahan guriga ku soo laabtay Bell ee England. Halkan, hindisa ayaa waxay si firfircoon u sheegay in qof walba oo ku saabsan telegaraafka ka hadlaya la yaab leh. "Fikrad Telefoon" waxaa la siiyey ilaa tan iyo qoyska boqortooyada, kuwaas oo xubnaha aad u macaaneyd ayaa Maamulka Kililka yimid.

Bell iyo xaaskiisa ku noolaa 45 sano. All muddo badan this u dhaxeeya hadhay xiriirka diiran oo saaxiibtinimo.

Guusha iyo aqoonsiga

Ka dib markii ay si fiican u yaqaan iyo shirkadaha hodanka ah ayaa diiday in ay soo iibsato xuquuqda for soo saaridda ee taleefoonka, saynisyahan abuuray shirkad American ka hadlayay Shirkadda Telefoonka, kaas oo muddo ka dib wuxuu noqday ee ugu weyn dunida oo dhan, oo waxay bilaabeen in ay dhali celinta weyn. By March 1979 Aleksandr Bell iyo xaaskiisa helay 15% faa'iido guud, iyo 1883kii xaaladdooda ay gaareen sumadda cajiib ah hal milyan oo doolar.

In 1880, hindisa badisay kooxda Fluminense bisha soo. Bell helay lacagta ku bixisay on horumarinta gramophone ah mashruuc cusub - mid ka mid ah horeeya ee dunida ka mid ah hababka lagu qoro dhawaaqa, abuuray oo kaashanaysa Charles Sumner Tainter.

Isla mar ahaantaana uu shaqada sii berrinkii daawo. Tusaale ahaan, Jaamacadda Heidelberg sharfay Bell sharafeedka degree kalkaalinta for horumar ayuu berrinka ku jirka loomana baahno.

Hagaajinta telefoonka tegey. In 1881, wuxuu noqday dhow si buuxda u howlgasho.

sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa

Aleksandr Bell iyo war abuurashadoodii ayaa macno ahaan dunida rogay ayaa iska diiday. Nasiib darro, caafimaadka bilaabay in ay ku fashilmaan cilmiga. Ilaa neefta ee la soo dhaafay oo uu naagtiisa Mabel hadhay dhow. Later, ayay qoray in iyada qorka in fariin la soo dhaafay aamusan Bella oo kali ahayd faraha la geran karo gariir waqti markii ay isaga ka codsaday in aysan ka tegin. Hindisa dhintay August 4, 1922. Sida calaamad u barooranayay ku saynisyahano weyn Kanada iyo Maraykanka telefoonada oo dhan, oo wakhtigaas ahaa in ka badan 13 milyan oo lagu demiyo oo dhan.

xaqiiqooyinka Interesting uga noqdeen nolosha ah hindisa ah

Biography of Aleksandra Bella oo xiiso leh hoos ugu dhaadhacaa faahfaahin yar. Sidaas daraaddeed, saynisyahan caan ahaa in caado in ay si gaar ah u shaqeeyaan mugdi ah, habeenkii. Mararka qaarkood waxa uu noqonayaa mid sabab u ah khilaafaadka iyo muranada u dhaxeeya isqaba. walaaca Understanding Mabel Bell ayaa waxay sameeyeen isku day quus ah oo soo noqnoqda in ay dib ugu "caadi ah" caadiga ah maalin kasta ka heli, laakiin midkoodna ma uusan guulaysan.

Iyo August 15, 1877 dhexeeya Alexander iyo halyeeyga casriga ah ee Thomas Edison qabtay dood cajiib ah, kaas oo ugu danbeyn la xalin ay guushu ku dambaysta ah. Edison cadeeyay in doorashada ku haboon ee Salaan bilowga ah ee wada hadalka telefoonka waa erayga "hello dar", taas oo in Russia waxaa loo beddelaa si fiican loo og nahay "hello". Sam hindisa phone soo jeediyay in ay isticmaalaan erayga "ahoy", taas oo micnaheedu yahay, "Hey, kuwaas oo ay jiraan?".

Waxa kale oo xiiso leh in Bell qudhiisu uusan jeclaan in la isticmaalo telefoonka - wicitaanada isaga ka fikirka iyo shaqada loo jeedin. Laakiin xataa hooyadiis naagtiisa midna, ma uu awooday in ay ka hadlaan - labadooduba way gebi kuwii dhegahala'aana.