Acids amino: Kiimikada noole, kala soocidda

Waayo, waxqabad buuxda ee jidhka bini'aadamka, fulinta dhammaan hawlaha aad u baahan tahay in la cuno cuntooyinka hodanka ku ah borotiinada, dufanka, carbohydrates. Borotiin, iyo brotiin yihiin qaybaha unugga ee, si uu qofku u baahan cuntooyinka borotiinka. Maxay yihiin acids amino? Kiimikada noole The xeryahooda kuwan - arin muhiim ah in uu u qalmo tixgelin faahfaahsan iyo waxbarasho.

acids amino si gaar ah

xeryahooda waxay lagama maarmaan waayo, ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee u taagoo protein. In dabiiciga ah, waxaa jira in ka badan boqol iyo konton acids amino kala duwan, laakiin dhammaantiin ma aha iyaga ka mid ah waa lagama maarmaan ah in jidhka bini'aadamka. Waxa aynu u baahan tahay asiidh amino ah? Kiimikada noole 20 xeryahooda, kuwaas oo la darsay si faahfaahsan by saynisyahano gudaha iyo dibadda. Waxa la ogaaday in laba iyo toban iyaga ka mid ah waa in la dhexsameeysmo jirka insaanka, iyo kaliya sideed acids amino waa mid ka hesho cunto awoodaan.

kala soocidda

Ka fiirso qaar ka mid ah acids amino ah. Kiimikada noole, kala soocidda oo ka mid ah xeryahooda organic ku lug-soociddiisa oo ka mid ah saddex kooxood oo waaweyn:

• muhiim ah oo ka soo jeeda cuntada. walxaha noocan oo kale ah aan la samaysan karin gudahood jidhka bini'aadamka,
• Laysku beddelid karo sameeyay ee jirka, ku dhacaan gudaha galay, oo ay weheliso cunto protein,
• Laysku beddelid karo conventionally soo saaray ka xeryahooda lagama maarmaanka ah.

guryaha Key

Maxay yihiin guryaha jireed iyo kiimikada acids amino? Kiimikada noole The xeryahooda, kuwaas oo ku siinayaa fikrad ah sifooyinka aasaasiga ah. acids amino leeyihiin dhibcood barafku sare, dhammaataan L. biyo, waxay leeyihiin qaab crystalline ah.

Maxaa kale waxaa lagu gartaa acids amino? formula Kiimikada noole iyaga ayaa tilmaamaya jiritaanka taagoo carbon isagoo dhaqdhaqaaqa indhaha.

sifooyinka kiimikada

Xiisaheeda waa Kiimikada noole. Aminoacids - dhismeedka aasaasiga ah ee peptides. Waa by isku dhowr harta acid amino in mid ka mid ah qaab-dhismeedka toosan waa duubis ah ee Britain protein ah. Marka loo isticmaalo in budada nin glycine ama kiniin, lays degdeg ah oo sahlan oo ah walaxda organic in dhiigga. Xiisaheeda waa Kiimikada noole. Amino acids, borotiinada, carbohydrates, dufanka - walxaha taas oo lagama maarmaan u ah hawlaha ay u shaqeeyo nool. Kolkay kacaan cudurka deficiency sare.

acids amino yihiin xeryahooda amphoteric soo bandhigista a kiimikaad dual.

Muhiimadda noolaha

Tani class xeryahooda nitrogen-ka kooban mas'uul ka ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee u taagoo protein ah ee jidhka bini'aadamka. In the case of hoos u dhaca dhaqaalaha, waxaa jira dhibaatooyin daran oo la habka dareemayaasha jirka. Maxaa kale oo muhiim ah ee acids amino jidhka? Kiimikada noole, kuwaas oo xeryahooda amphoteric sharxayaa ay muhiimada uu biosynthesis ee glycogen beerka. Its lacagta aan ku filnayn keenaysaa in cudur halis ah. sababaha ugu waaweyn ee la'aanta ah ee 20 acids amino lagama maarmaan ah ka mid ah, dhakhaatiirta ugu baaqay dhibaatooyinka cunto, xadgudub khamriga, xaaladaha walaaca nidaamsan. Si looga fogaado yaraadan ee jirka (si looga fogaado la'aanta protein), waa in aad ka mid ah caanaha oo cunto ah, hilibka, wax soo saarka soy.

guryaha duality

Waa maxay astaamaha leedahay acid amino ah? Kiimikada noole xeryahooda, kuwaas oo sabab u ah joogitaanka in ay u taagoo of labada kooxood functional. Kuwaas oo kiimiko ah waxay leeyihiin carboxyl (acid) group COOH ah, iyo sidoo kale waa amines. muuqaalada dhismaha noocan oo kale ah u sharax muuqaalada kiimikada ay.

la mid ah ayaa la acids organic iyo macdanta muujiyay dareen diidmo la Biraha firfircoon, oxides aasaasiga ah, saldhigyada, cusbada ee acids daciif ah. acids amino dheeraad ah oo awood u galo reaction kiimikada la alcohols si ay u sameeyaan esters. Joogitaanka kooxda amino ku sharxayaa ay is dhexgalka ee acids of hab deeq-aqbalana isgaadhsiinta.

Qoondaynta oo isku waydaarsanayeen

Iyadoo ku xiran meesha uu kooxaha carboxyl qaybsado kartaa kuwan xeryahooda organic in Alfa, beta, acids amino. tiradoodii ee carbon atamka diidanyihiin carbon ah bilaabmaa ka dib markii kooxda acid.

In kimistari organic go'doonsan amino acid sidii ay tirada kooxaha functional: aasaasiga ah, dhexdhexaad ah, acidic.

Iyada oo ku xidhan nooca shidaalka xag inta badan lagu tilmaamay oo dhan acids amino on dufan heterocyclic (aliphatic), xeryahooda leedahay beduliyum iyo baaruud-ka kooban ee. Tusaale ahaan, an acid amino udgoon loo soo bandhigi karo by 2 aminobenzoic acid.

By isku waydaarsanayeen nidaamsan hoos horyaalka of class this of tiradaasi xeryahooda organic tilmaamaya jagada group amino ah, ka dibna ku dar magaca silsilad carbon ah, oo ay ku jiraan group carboxyl ah. xarfaha Giriigga ah waxa loo isticmaalaa in ay dhacdo in acid amino ah waxaa loogu yeedhi doonaa by Magac-ka Ciyaalle.

Marka Britain ayaa ku jira laba functional (amino), magaca la tilmaamayo horgale loo isticmaalo: diamino-, triamino-. Waayo, acids amino polybasic ee horyaalka ku daray in ay acid triol ama diol.

Features isomers iyo wax soo saarka ah ee acids amino

Marka la eego cayimayo ee qaab-dhismeedka kiimikada ah wakiilada class this of walxaha organic, aqoonso dhawr nooc oo isomerism. Sidoo kale, ee acids carboxylic ee ka mid ah xeryahooda amphoteric, waxaa jira isomers of lafaha carbon ah.

Waxa kale oo aad samayn kartaa isomers la heshiis kala duwan ee ka shaqeynayaan amino ah. Of danta waa isomer ee indhaha ee fasalka, kaas oo u ogolaanaya in ay sharxaan muhiimadda noolaha waayo noolaha.

Sida wax xawliga ah u ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee nylon naxa aminocaproic acid. By hydrolysis waxaa laga heli karaa 25 acids amino lagama maarmaan ah. Waxaa jira dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la xidhiidha kala ey isku keentay xeryahooda amphoteric. Waxa intaa dheer in hydrolysis ee u taagoo protein la samaysan karin by ficil acids amino by reaction galogenhzameschennyh Saliid-Volhard-Zelinsky.

acids amino sameeyay inta lagu guda jiro habka of hydrolysis borotiinada tirsan cuntada ka. Waxyaabahani waa blocks dhismaha, taas oo dhacda sabab u ah in lays ee cuntada iyo xoolaha borotiinada, damaysay ee jirka qaybaha muhiimka ah ee ay nolosha ka buuxa.

Tusaale ahaan, haddii ay dhacdo of daal aad u daran, sababa hawlgal culus, bukaanka waxa lagu qoray heerka gaarka ah ee acids amino. Iyada oo glutamic acid waa la fuliyay daawaynta cudurada neerfayaasha, boogaha gastric loo baahan yahay in la isticmaalo histidine ah. In beeraha, acid amino loo isticmaalo sida labiska a top xoolaha si kor loogu qaado ay koritaanka iyo horumarka.

gunaanad

acids amino yihiin xeryahooda organic amphoteric ka ciyaaraan door muhiim ah meelaha dadka iyo xoolaha. Haddii tiro ku filan oo ah mid ka mid ah acids amino lagama maarmaan ah, waxaa jira dhibaatooyin caafimaad oo halis ah. A cunto protein dhamaystiran si gaar ah muhiim inta lagu jiro ay qaan, iyo sidoo kale kuwa uu hayo dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka joogtada ah, waxaa ka qayb qaatay ciyaaraha.