Zinaida Serebryakov: Biography iyo sawirka

Zinaida Serebryakova - artist Ruush, oo noqday caanka ah ee qarnigii 20aad, oo uu is-sawirka, ayaa ku noolaa muddo dheer iyo il qabad leh nolosha, wax badan oo ka mid ah oo u tegey maxaabiis ahaan in Paris. Haddaba, ka dib markii mid ah bandhig Tretyakov Gallery weyn of iyada shaqada, waxaan doonayaa in aan soo xusuuso, oo la hadal oo ku saabsan nolosheeda adag, ee taxne kore iyo hoose ee qaddar ee qoyskeeda.

Zinaida Serebryakov: Biography, guulaha ugu horeysay ee rinjiyeynta

Waxay ku dhalatay ee 1884-qoys caan farshaxanka Benoit-Lancer, taasoo caan ku tahay ka ab dhowr ah oo sculptors, rinjiileyaasha, injineero iyo composers. Her carruurnimada badatay in jawiga la yaab leh hal abuur leh ee goobada of qoyska ka mid ah oo waaweyn, iyada wareejin danqasho iyo daryeelka.

qoyska ku noolaa St. Petersburg, iyo xagaaga waxaa had iyo jeer u guuray xaafadda Neskuchnoye dhow Kharkov. Rinjiyeynta Zinaida Evgenevna Serebryakova si gaar ah bartay markii hore ee Princess Tenishcheva ee St. Petersburg, markaas in sawirka O. Braz. Later, ayay sii wadatay waxbarasho ee France iyo Italy.

On uu ka soo laabtay Paris, artist ka gala bulshada "The World of Art" isu keentaa fanaaniinta ee waayahaas, markii danbe loo yaqaanna xilligii Silver ah. Guusha ugu horreeyey u yimid in 1910, ka dib markii uu muujinaya is-sawirka "Waayo, musqusha" (1909), isla markiiba iibsaday P. Tretyakov for gallery ah.

rinjiyeynta waxay muujinaysaa qof dumar ah oo qurux badan oo dhallinyaro u taagan ka hor Muraayadda, musqusha subaxdii samaynaya. indhaheedii bay si raxmad leh eegto dhinaca daawadayaasha by dhinaca miiska dhigay haweenka yacni: sibraar oo foox, sanduuqa dahabka, silsilad, qiimihiisu shumac ah shidnayn. In shaqo this, wejigaaga artist iyo indhaha ayaa weli ka buuxaan dhalinyarada farxadda iyo dhalaalaya qorraxda muujiyaan dabeecad nolol-adkaynaya dareen.

Guurka iyo carruurta

Iyadoo mid ka mid ah uu doortay ayay ku qaatay iyada carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka, si joogto ah xidhiidhka iyo Neskuchnii, iyo St. Petersburg la qaraabada qoyskiisa Serebryakov. Boris Serebryakov ahaa adeerkeed, Waxay jeclaadeen carruurnimada kasta oo kale oo ku riyoon jiray is guursan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma shaqayn muddo dheer sababtoo ah khilaaf on kaniisadda guurka la xiriira si dhow. Waxa ay ahayd oo keliya in 1905, ka dib markii heshiiska la ahaa wadaadkii deegaanka (300 rubles) qaraabada ay awoodaan in ay iyaga siin aroos.

Danta newlyweds ayaa gabi ahaanba baabi'in: Boris waxaa isku diyaarinaya inuu noqdo injineer ah ee tareenada, waan jeclaaday halista, iyo xataa tageen in ay ku dhaqmaan in Manchuria intii lagu jiray dagaalka Ruush-Japanese, iyo Zinaida Serebryakova ahayd jeclaan of rinjiyeynta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ahaayeen xiriirka jacaylka aad u dhaylo ah oo xoog leh, u sameysaa qorshe wada nolol mustaqbalka.

Ay nolosha wada bilaabay leh safarka ay Paris oo dherer ah sannadkii, halkaas oo artist ka baxay rinjiyeynta barato ah Academy de la Grande Chaumiere iyo Boris bartay at School Graduate ee buundooyinka iyo waddooyinka.

Ku soo noqoshada Neskuchnoye, artist waxaa si firfircoon uga shaqeeya on Bbc iyo Wehbe, iyo Boris sii wadaan in ay barato ee Institute of Communications oo ku hawlan shaqo guri. marka hore, laba wiil, laba gabdhood markaas: Waxay afar carruur-pogodok lahaa. Intii lagu guda jiray sannadahan, iyada iyo carruurteedaba waxaa u hibeeyeen ilaa ay shuqullo badan oo ka tarjumaya farxadaha ee hooyada iyo koritaanka caruurta.

rinjiyeynta caan ah "At quraac," gaysteen oo Iiddii qoyska ee guriga, halkaas oo uu ku nool yahay jacaylka iyo farxad ah, gaysteen carruur miiska, ku wareegsan yacni guriga. Farshaxankii qoray Wehbe, iyada iyo ninkeeda, Dakatu nolosha dhaqaale Neskuchnii barbaro ridayeen a maxaliga ah ee shuqullada "caddeeyo shiraac", "Harvest", iyo qaar kale. deegaanka waa qaar aad u jeclaan of qoyska Serebryakov, la ixtiraamo, waayo, awoodda uu u fashaan oo sidaas ku faraxsan yahay inuu keeni waayo, sawir artist.

Revolution iyo abaar

The dhacdooyinka kacaan ee 1917 iyo in Neskuchnyi yimid, dab iyo masiibo u keeno. Serebryakov Homestead la gubo "Xarakada kacaanka," laakiin artist ah nafteeda iyo carruurta la socotaba maareeyey inuu ka tago baxay waxaa ka mid ah iyadoo la kaashanayo beeralayda maxaliga ah, oo iyada ka digay oo xitaa siiyey si ay dhawr jawaan oo sarreen ah, iyo karootada. Serebryakovs dhaqaaqay Kharkov si ayeeyo ah. Boris bilaha kuwaas oo uu ugu horeeyay shaqeeyay sida takhasuska ah waddooyinka ee Siberia, ka dibna Moscow.

Ma news kasta oo la helo ninkeeda uga welwel badan isaga, Zinaida Serebryakov socday isaga sugaya, taas oo caruur ah in ay hooyadeed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii ay kulan ku socdaa jidka Boris ayaa qandaraas Harar oo ku dhintay gacmaha oo uu naagtiisa jecel. Zinaida keligay baa hadhay 4 carruur ah iyo hooyo dadka waayeelka ah ee gaajaysan Kharkov ah. Waxay ka shaqeeya waqti-dhiman at museum ee qaddiimiga ah, samaynta Dakatu of skulls innoo iyo lacag iibsato cuntada loogu talagalay carruurta.

Naxdin leh "House of Cards"

Rinjiyeynta "House of Cards" Zinaida Serebryakova la qoray dhawr bilood dhimashada ninkeeda, Boris, halkaas oo artist dhexdooda shuqulladeeda noolaa ka soo qaado gacantii in ay afka carruurta iyo hooyadood in Kharkov, oo waxay noqdeen kuwa ugu naxdinta ka dib. Cinwaanka aad u of rinjiyeynta ka Serebryakov gartay iyadoo tusaale u ah inuu naftiisa u gaar ah.

Waxaa la rinji rinjiga saliid, oo waxay ahaayeen ugu dambeeyay ee muddo tan lacagta oo dhan ku qaatay waxa ku saabsan, si uu ugu dhinto qoyska ka gaajo. Life burburay sida guri kaarar. Oo hore ee artist uusan haysan wax rajada nolosha hal abuur iyo shakhsi, waxa ugu weyn ee waqtiga ahaa - inuu wax badbaadiyo oo carruurtooda u quudiyaan.

Nolosha Petrograd

In Kharkov, waxaa jiray wax lacag ah, aan lahayn amar shaqada rinjiyeynta si artist go'aamiso in qoyska guurto Petrograd, u dhaw qoyska iyo dhaqanka. Waxay lagu casuumay in ay ka shaqeeyaan Petrograd matxafyada waaxda professor ee Academy of Fine Arts, iyo December 1920, qoyska oo dhan ayaa ku noolaa Petrograd. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxbarashada, ay diiday in ay ka shaqeeyaan uu studio.

Serebryakov rinji Wehbe, aragtida Tsarskoye Selo iyo Gatchina. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, rajo iyada nolol fiican ma aha run, ee caasimada waqooyiga sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa gaajo, lahaa xataa qolofka baradho ah.

macaamiisha Rare Zinaida ka caawiyay in ay ku quudiyaan iyo soo qaadaan carruurta, gabadhii Tania bilaabay inuu xardheen barato Tiyaatarka Mariinsky ah. guriga iyaga joogto socda qoob cayaarto dhallinyaro ah oo ay soo rogeen for artist ka. Sidaas taxane ah oo farshaxankiisa ballet iyo darey la abuuray, taas oo muujinaysa sylphs dhalinyarada iyo qoob cayaarto labistaan up for socday masraxa ee cayaarta.

In 1924, wuxuu bilaabaa nooleenta ee dhaqdhaqaaqa bandhig. Dhowr farshaxankiisa Zinaidy Serebryakovoy at bandhiga farshaxanka Ruush la iibiyey in America. Ka dib markii la helo lacagta, ayay go'aansado inuu ka tago intii muddo ah in Paris, si ay u helaan lacag dayactirka ah ee qoyskiisa la dheereeyey.

Paris. In la masaafuriyey

Leaving carruurta ay ayeeyo Petrograd, Serebryakov gaaray Paris ee September 1924, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Nolosha hal abuur ahaa failure ah halkan: First waxaa jiray our workshop u gaar ah, amarada yar, lacagta maamula si ay u helaan aad u yar, iyo kuwa u soo diro si ay Russia si ay qoyskiisa.

In Biography nolosha artist ah Zinaida Serebryakova ee Paris cadeeyay inuu yahay hal dhibic ka leexdo, ka dib markii wixii ay marnaba awoodin inay dib u laabtaan, iyadii iyo labadeedii carruur, ayay arkaa sano oo kaliya 36 ka dib, wax yar ka hor dhimashadiisa.

Muddada ugu qatarsan ee uu noloshiisa ee France - halkan yimaado markii gabadheeda Kate, oo dhammaantood way wada booqday magaalooyinka yar yar ee France iyo Switzerland, samaynta Dakatu, Bbc, Wehbe beeralayda maxaliga ah (1926).

Safarka ay Morocco

In 1928, ka dib markii qoraal taxane ah oo Wehbe ganacsadaha reer Belgium, iyadoo lacagta Zinaida iyo Catherine Serebryakovs tagaan safar si Morocco. Ku dhuftay by quruxda Bari, Serebryakov dhigaysa taxane ah oo waxbarashada iyo shaqada, barbaro jidadka bariga iyo dadka deegaanka.

Back ee Paris, iyadu waxay qabanqaabisaa bandhig ah "Morocco" shaqada, ururinta tirada weyn ee dib u eegista xamaasad leh, laakiin ma aha wax ka dhigi kara. All of saaxiibadaa ayaa xusay in ay noqoto dowlda iyo awood la'aanta in ay iska iibiyaan shaqo.

In 1932, Zinaida Serebryakova dib u safrin Morocco, mar kale qabanayaan Dakatu iyo muuqaalka. Intii lagu guda jiray sannadahan, waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay jebiyaan oo ahaa ina Alexander, oo sidoo kale noqday rinjiile ah. Wuxuu ku hawllan yahay hawlaha madaxtooyada, gudaha qurxiyey iyo manufactures Maryaha caadadii.

Her laba carruur ah, ayaa gaaray Paris, ka caawin lacag kasban by si firfircoon ku hawlanaa shuqullada farshaxanka iyo madaxtooyada kala duwan.

Carruurta Russia

Laba carruur ah artist ah Eugene iyo Tatiana, hadhay Russia la ayeeydeed, waxay ahaayeen mid aad u liita iyo gaajo. Waxa ay guri ahayd is dulfuulan, oo waxay qabsadeen hal qol oo keliya, taas oo ay noqotay in loo kululayn jiray si madax banaan.

In 1933, iyada oo hooyadeed E. N. Lansere dhintay, si ay u adkeysan ee gaajada iyo laalista karin, carruur isu joogay. Waxay ku soo kornay oo doortay sida xirfadaha hal abuur leh: Jack noqday muhandas, iyo Tatiana - artist ee tiyaatarka. Tartiib tartiib waxay naftoodii ku siiyey, bilaabay qoysaska, laakiin sannado badan ku riyoon in uu la kulmo hooyadiis, si joogto ah hagaya iyada warqadihiisa.

In 1930 dowladda Soviet iyada marti qaaday inay dib u laabtaan, laakiin sannadihii kuwa Serebryakov shaqeeyay on guddiyada gaarka loo leeyahay ee Belgium, ka dibna dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka. Dagaalka ka dib, waxayna noqotay mid aad u xanuunsan oo ku dhici waayay inuu u dhaqaaqo.

Kaliya ee 1960, Tatyana ahaa inuu yimaado Paris si ay u arkaan hooyadeed, 36 sano ka dib-soociddiisa awoodaan.

Serebrya muujinaysaa in Russia

In 1965, inta lagu guda jiro dhalaalid ee Midowga Soofiyeeti qaaday noolaa kaliya bandhig shakhsi Zinaida Serebryakova ee Moscow, ka dibna way tagtay ee Kiev, iyo Leningrad. Artist waqtiga ahaa 80 sano jir ah oo ka soo yeelay, waxay ahayd awoodin in ay xaaladdiisa caafimaad, balse waxa uu ahaa si weyn ugu faraxsan yahay in la xusuusnaado iyada guriga.

carwo lagu qabtay guul weyn, xasuusiyaan qof kasto ee artist weyn illoobay ayaa had iyo jeer loo soocay in ay tahay classical. Serebryakov waxa ay awood, inkastoo oo dhan sano qasan qeybtii hore ee c 20aad., Si aad u hesho style adiga kuu gaar ah. In sano ee impressionism Europe heysatay, Deco tahay, aan la taaban karin iyo hadda kale kuwa.

carruurta iyada, oo iyada la noolaa France, ayay ku hadhay aamin dhammaadka nolosha, oo goglan iyada nolosha iyo caawinta dhaqaale. Haddayna keenin qoysaskooda iyo iyada oo leh ilaa ay dhimatay da'da 82 noolaa, ka dib markii taas abaabulay bandhigyo ay.

Z. Serebryakov lagu aasay 1967 qabuuraha of Saint kooramka de Bois in Paris.

Bandhiga 2017

bandhig Zinaida Serebryakova in Tretyakov Gallery ah - ugu weyn ee 30 sano ee la soo dhaafay (200 farshaxanka iyo sawirada), ka go'an in ay sanad guurada 50aad ee dhimashada artist ee, laga bilaabo April ilaa dhammaadka July 2017

eegay Previous of iyada shaqada la qabtay sannadkii 1986, waxaa ka dibna waxaa fuliyey mashaariic qaar ka mid ah, taas oo muujisay shaqada at Museum Ruush ee St. Petersburg iyo bandhigyo yar ee gaarka loo leeyahay.

Wakhtigan, ee curators aasaaska Faransiis Ujedadiisu Serebriakoff ururiyay xaddi weyn oo shaqo si ay u sameeyaan bandhig a grand in inta lagu jiro xagaaga ee 2017 laga soo saari doonaa 2 dabaq oo ka mid ah gallery Engineering Corps.

Eegay waa on taariikhda, jidaynayey daawadayaasha si aad u aragto line kala duwan hal abuur leh ee artist ee Zinaida Serebryakova, ka Wehbe oo shuqullada qoobka ballet of Mariinsky Tiyaatarka, kaas oo loo sameeyey in Russia ee 20 ka hore. farshaxankiisa iyada oo dhammu waa caadifinimadu soo jireenka ah iyo lyricism, dareen wanaagsan ee nolosha. In hall gaar ah la images carruurteeda oo ka shaqeeya.

On dhulka soo socda waxaa ku jira shuqullo abuuray ee Paris dibedda, iyaga ka mid ah:

• darfaha Belgian, caadadiisu-dhigay Baron de Brouwer (1937-1937), kuwaas oo isku mar ayaa loo arkaa dhintay intii uu socday dagaalka;
• Dakatu Morocco iyo Dakatu, qoraal ah 1928 iyo 1932.;
• Wehbe ee Muhaajiriinta Ruush, kaas oo lagu qoray Paris;
• Bbc iyo cilmiga dabiiciga ah ee France, Spain iyo kuwo kale.

afterword

Dhammaan carruurta Zinaida Serebryakova sii dhaqanka hal abuur leh, oo waxay noqdeen fanaaniinta iyo injineero ka shaqeeya noocyo kala duwan. gabadhii ugu da'da yaraa Serebryakova ee - Catherine noolaa nolol dheer, dhimashada hooyadeed ka dib, kolkii iyadu ay ka qayb qaatay hawlo bandhig iyo shaqada ee aasaaska Ujedadiisu Serebriakoff, ku dhintay da'da 101 sano ee Paris.

Zinaida Serebryakova waxaa u huray in dhaqanka of art classical oo ayaa helay style u gaar ah rinjiyeynta, muujinaya farxad iyo yididiilo, rumaysadkiinna xagga jacaylka iyo awoodda hal-abuurka, qabsashada daqiiqado badan oo qurux badan oo uu naftiisa iyo deegaanka.