"Xafiiltanka", Chekhov: kooban, falanqaynta

su'aalo aad u muhiim ah oo anshaxa iyo akhlaaqda saameeyaa sheekada "xafiiltanka" (Chekhov). Soo koobid iyo falanqaynta waxaa ka mid ah waxaad ka heli doontaa in this article. Su'aalaha ku saabsan runta, macnaha nolosha, mas'uuliyadda dadka kale - wax kasta oo had iyo jeer waa la mariyo. Garashadiisii ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka weligeed ah soo bandhigay shuqulkii "xafiiltanka" Chekhov.

oo kooban

Magaalada, oo ku yaalla on Badda Madow, ayaa labada saaxiibo hadlaya halka qabeynin. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah - Laevsky Ivan Andreevich, nin dhallinyaro 28-sano jir ah, oo kale ah - Samoilenko, dhakhtar military. Ivan Andreyevich qaybsada la saaxiibkiis faahfaahinta naftiisa shakhsiyeed. Sidaas bilaabmaa sheekada "xafiiltanka" (Chekhov). kooban oo hadal hoos ku siin.

taariikhda Laevsky

waxaan ka wada hadalka saaxiibada bartaan, in 2 sano ka hor saaxiibo Laevsky naag is qaba. Waxay ka St. Petersburg in Caucasus ka tegey, oo damacsanaa inuu ku soo bilowdo nolol cusub ka shaqeeya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, magaalada iyaga la mid ma aha. Dadka ayaa ahaa kuwo meel uninteresting - caajiso, iyo shaqo adag dhulka ku Laevsky aan iyo in uusan rabin laga yaabaa in. Sidaas waxa aan dareemey sida musallif ah maalintii ugu horraysay. In xiriir la naagtan, Nadezhda Fedorovna, Laevsky hore u arkaa been, si aan mar dambe la noolaan karaan. Waxa uu doonayaa inuu dib u woqooyi ka tago. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aad ayan jebin kartaa: naagta ma laha lacag iyo qoyskiisa iyo shaqeeyaan Nadezhda Fedorovna garan maayo. Waxaa intaa dheer, war u yimid dhimashada ninkeeda, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in aad ka heli kartaa guursaday iyada oo leh. Samoilenko la taliyaa inuu saaxiib in ay sidaas samayso.

daqar Laevsky

Wax walba sameeya oo sheegay in Nadezhda Fedorovna, u muuqataa in ay Ivan Andreyevich ama been, ama wax u eg been. Waqtiga quraacda, ayuu si dhib qarin laga yaabaa inuu cuncun. nacayb culus oo xitaa markaas isaga ka dhigaa, sida naag liqaysaa caanaha. Waxa aanu ka tegin waxay doonayaan waa in ay si deg deg ah ogaado xiriirka iyo ka tago.

sida caadiga ah ka heli Laevsky noloshooda sharaxaad iyo xaq in nooc ka mid ah Hababka suugaanta iyo aragtiyaha. Isagu wuxuu isu barbar Pechorin iyo Onegin, la Hamlet, Anna Karenina. Laevsky ayaa doonaya inuu qirto in uu leeyahay ma jirto fikrad hagaya, uu mar nin oo khasaare ah, laftiisa xaq ka dhiga. Just sida ugu dhakhsaha badan geesiga rumeysan yahay in Caucasus ee isaga ka qasnaanta ee doonaya inuu naftiisa badbaadiyo, inuu hadda aaminsan yahay in ay lagama maarmaan tahay in si St. Petersburg tagaan, taasoo ka dhigeysa Hope Feodorovna. Iyada oo ay taasi uu rajeynayo in ay ku noolaadaan farxad, caaqil, nolol dhaqameed.

Muuqaalka Von Koren

In miiska guul Samojlenko, kaliya tababarka at seminary oo dhamaystiran, iyo Von Koren, xayawaan yar oo. Wada hadalka at casho yimaado Laevsky. Xayawaan ayaa sheegay in qofkaan uu khatar u yahay bulshada, sida microbe daacuunka. Laevsky kharribo anshaxa ee deggan magaalada in uu cabo, iyo solders kale, bayaan nin kale naagtiis way kula nool, uu badiyaa deynta ah, turub, waxba samayn. Haddii dadka sidaas oo kale ah, tarmin, khatar dhab ah oo khatar Dadka. Sidaa darteed Ivan Andreyevich u baahan tahay in ay hubka ka aawadood oo ah wanaag wadaagga.

qosloba Risible Church wasaaraha, iyo Samoylenko qabatay. Wuxuu uun u oran karaa in haddii ay sudhan yihiin iyo Maansheeyo dadka, markaas isagu waa ka dhanka ilbaxnimada noocan oo kale ah.

Rajaynaynaa in xiriirka Fedorovny in Laevsky

Nadezhda Fedorovna saaka, aado ku maydhaa niyadda wanaagsan. Qof dumar ah oo nafteeda u eg, iyadu waa ku qanacsanahay in ay u bogi oo dhan nin counter ah. Nadezhda Fedorovna dareensan eed Laevsky ka hor. Waxay sameeyey deyn fara badan dukaanka Achmianova ee 2 sano oo weli kuma ay dhicin inay saas ha odhan. Intaa waxaa dheer, qof dumar ah ayaa laba jeer xiriir la Kirilina, kormeeraha booliska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa farxad u maleeyo in ay nafteeda uusan ku lug khiyaamo qaran. Nadezhda Fedorovna weli jecel yahay Ivan Andreyevich, iyo Kirilina muddo dheer ka badan.

geeduhu

In naag maydhanaysa la Bityugovoy Marya Konstantinovna, marwada waayeelka hadlaya. Tani waa qof kale oo lagu taswiiray in sheekada "xafiiltanka" Chekhov. wada hadalka Description qaaday u dhaxeeya, waxba ma aynu soo bandhigi doonaan. Waxaa ugu Filan in aan idhaahdo ka soo tarxiilaan naagta Laevsky bartaa in bulshada maxalliga ah in geeduhu fiidkii, taas oo lagu qaban doono il buur.

Von Koren on jidka loo maro webiga ka hadlayaa qorshayaasha uu u adeegto ka ah. Waxa uu sheegay in uu u socday si ay u tagaan on duulaan si ay u sahamiyaan xeebta ah ee Arctic iyo badaha Pacific. Ivan Andreevich baxay inuu alaabtii kale oo scolds Bbc of Caucasus. waqtiga oo dhan waxa uu dareensan yahay naceen Von Koren oo horay u xun in ay go'aansadeen in ay tagaan on geeduhu. Shirkadda istaago at Tatar Kerbala.

Nadezhda Fedorovna waa in niyadda cayaar. Haweenay doonayo u rumowday, foorjaynta, qososho. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada farxad hadhaynaysaa xeer Kirilina, iyo sidoo kale talo Achmianova iska jira kormeere booliska. Ivan Andreyevich, daal xayawaan nacayb iyo geeduhu nasashada dobada in Nadezhda Fedorovna, taas oo uu ku baaqay in rumowday ah. Von Koren oo ay jidka ku soo laabtay Samojlenko aqoonsan yahay in haddii bulshada ama gobolka ayaa isaga baray oo lahaa inuu baabbi'iyo Laevsky, wuxuu lahaa farxad leh sidaa samaysay.

la Laevsky Samojlenko hadal

Ka dib qadada geeduhu, guriga, Laevsky sheegay in Nadezhda Feodorovna, ninkeedii dhintay. Waxa uu dareensan yahay sida xabsiga ah in ku nuuxnuuxsaday, in uu shaqada "xafiiltanka" Chekhov. A kooban oo aad u kooban, nasiib daro, seego faahfaahin ka mid ah waayo-aragnimada gudaha ee geesiga. Waxaa ugu Filan in aan idhaahdo A. Ivan go'aansado inuu si Samoylenko tagaan. Laevsky kadhibaataysan isaga deymin 300 rubles, wuxuu ballan qaaday in ay ka sameeyaan ilaa la socday hooyadiis, si aad u sameysato wax kasta oo Nadezhda Fedorovna. Samoilenko ayaa sheegay in aad u baahan tahay si ay nabad sidoo kale la Von Koren dhigi, laakiin Laevsky jawaabay in tani ay tahay wax aan macquul aheyn. Waxa uu diyaar u ahayd inay wax amaahisaan xayawaan gacan, laakiin waxa uu dhab ahaan lahaa isagii way ka leexdeen. Waa culus-dhiibay, dabeecadda adag, iyo hadafyada waxaa ku habboon. Waayo, isaga, dadka - nothingness. Waxaa uma shaqeeyo jacaylka ka mid ah deris, laakiin aawadood oo ah fikradaha aan la taaban karin sida jiilalka mustaqbalka aadanaha, nooca ku haboon ee nin ... Von Koren ayaa qof kasta oo ka baxsan yihiin anshaxa muxaafidka cidhiidhi ah dili lahaa, oo kaliya waa aawadood oo ah "hagaajinta idaad." Despots sida qoraalada Laevsky ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa illusionists. Ivan A. sheegay in ay ogaadaan ceebaha iyaga u gaar ah. Waxa uu rajeynayo inuu soo sara kaco, in la beddelo. Tani waa gaar ahaan ku nuuxnuuxsaday Chekhov ( "xafiiltanka"). Xog by cutubka sii sheekada dhacdooyinka mustaqbalka nolosha Laevsky naagtiisii addoonta ah.

Qandho Hope Feodorovna

3 maalmood ka dib geeduhu ku ag taal Webi Maria K. u imanayaa inuu Nadezhda Fedorovna. Waxaan ma muujin doonaa si faahfaahsan wadahadalka oo dhan, oo kaliya ku tilmaami ay kooban. "Xafiiltanka" Chekhov wuxuu noo qoray, in aad ka fikirto arrimaha muhiimka ah. Sidaas awgeed, waxaan isku daynay in aan ka sheekayn qoraalka, diiradda iyaga on.

Sidaas daraaddeed, Mary K. bixisaa isla nooshihiin Laevsky noqon laqabin ah. Laakiin Nadezhda Fedorovna uu dareensan yahay in aroos uu yahay hadda wax aan macquul aheyn. Qof dumar ah oo aan sheegi karaa iyada saaxiib kaliya. Waxay helay murgiyey xiriir la dhallinyarada Achmianovym iyo Kirilina. Laga soo bilaabo waayo-aragnimada ee Hope Feodorovna qandho bilaabmaa.

Ivan Andreevich dareensan eed hore iyada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay si qabsaday fikirkiisu ka tago Saturday soo socda, ayuu weydiiyo Samoylenko, kuwaas oo u yimid in ay booqdaan buka, haddii uu heli karo lacagta. Wuxuu ajiibaa taban. Samoilenko doonayeen inay wax weydiiyaan Von Koren $ 100 oo deyn. Waxa uu ogolaado, laakiin shardi ah in Laevsky tago Nadezhda Fedorovna.

ballan xafiiltanka

Maalintii xigtay, on Thursday, Samoilenko ayaa sheegay in ku saabsan Laevsky xaaladan booqanaya Marya Konstantinovna. Martidu, oo ay ku jiraan xayawaan iyo play. Ivan A. ku lug leh ciyaarta si toos ah. Wuxu qabaa, oo ku saabsan sida aadka ah uu u leeyahay inuu la jiifsado, in aysan u oggolaan inuu wax ka beddesho, bilowdo nolol cusub. Waa in aad go'aan ku saabsan wax xagjirka ah, laakiin Laevsky ma samayn kara. note Echidna in loo diray, sida muuqata, Von Koren, keenaya hysterics Ivan Andreyevich. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fiidkii, sida haddii aan waxba dhacay, intuu ku socday inuu ciyaaro kaararka.

Kirilin eryanayn Hope Feodorovna jidka guriga. Waxa uu halis ku naagtii fadeexad haddii ay diido in ay magacaabi kulan isaga la maanta. Ninkan waa karaahiyo Nadezhda Fedorovna, iyadu kadhibaataysan inuu ka tago, laakiin weli waa liita. Atchmianov iyaga daawashada.

Maalintii xigtay, Ivan A. diray inay Samoilenko. Waxa uu doonayaa inuu lacag ka qaado, tan iyo ka dib katuurka in aan joogi kartaa dheer ee magaalada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Laevsky helaa oo keliya Von Koren. Dhexdoodana waxaa jira hadal kooban. Ivan A. oggaatay xayawaan daryeelle in la garanayo oo qorshihiisa. Laevsky ayaa dareensan in uu nacayb iyo quudhsasho. Marka Samoilenko ah, Ivan Andreyevich, in taam ah isaga oo lagu eedeeyay waydo qarsoon ee dadka kale, iyo sidoo kale caaya xayawaan kan oo kale ah oo sugayay. Von Koren waa Ivan Andreyevich in xafiiltanka ah.

Ka hor ciyaarta

Waxaa horay u dhow kooban final kor loogu bixiyey noo by. "Xafiiltanka" (Chekhov) dhameystirtay arrin xiiso leh. shuqullada Poland iyo aad u jeclaan doonaa.

Ka hor dagaalka ka Laevsky hore ayaa dareensan in cilmi barasho xayawaan nacayb, ka dibna, waayo, kaararka iyo khamri noqdo si taxadar la'aan. markii qaar ka mid ah ka dib, Ivanom Andreevichem bilaabo walaac gaar ah. Marka Atchmianov Laevsky keenaysaa in guriga halkaas oo uu arko Hope Feodorovna iyo Kirilina dhan dareemayaa sida iyo baaba 'ka naftiisa.

caawa Von Koren hadlayaa la adeegto ka ah oo ku saabsan sida aad u baahan tahay si ay u fahmaan cilmiga Masiixa, jacaylka ka mid ah deris. Wuxu qabaa, in fasho dadka, taas oo halis khatar iyaga, waa in la ciribtiray. khatar A halis ku ah aadanaha by jidh ahaan iyo maskax aan caadi ahayn. waa in iyaga la baabbi'iyo. Deacon isaga weydiiyo oo ku saabsan waxa shuruudaha soocayaa, waxa aanu khalad samayso. Xayawaan ayaa sheegay in halista daadka ma lagama maarmaan ah in cabsan cagaha qoyan. Wuxu qabaa, in ay dhacdo Laevsky caawin xafiiltanka ah. Czech (waxa uu leeyahay in la yidhaahdo), dabcan, ku heshiin waayeen isaga la.

On habeen ka hor dagaalka ka Laevsky dhagaysto duufaanka ka baxsan suuqa kala, naftiisa, taas oo kaliya arkaa been ah Yeeray. Waxa uu dareensan yahay eed ku leh dayrta ee naagtiisii addoonta ahayd, iyo diyaar u yahay inuu la muddici Hope Feodorovna cafiyaa. Haddii uu keeni kara dib u la soo dhaafay, wuxuu doonayay in caddaalad iyo Ilaah laga helay. Ka hor jeeda baxay si uu xafiiltanka ah, Laevsky galaa jiifka ee naagtiisii addoonta ahayd. Waxay u muuqataa isaga oo leh naxdin, laakiin Ivan Andreyevich, iyada iyo laab ah, ka warqaba in kanu yahay qaraabada iyo saaxiibada dadka oo keliya. Waxa uu damacsan yahay inuu ku soo laabto guriga nool.

Xafiiltanka iyo xidhitaanka dhacdooyinka

Qofna ma oga xeerarka xafiiltanka ka, xusuuso iyada sharaxaad of Turgenev, Lermontov ... Ivan Andreyevich horeysay laayey. Isagu waa ka baqayaa in uu ku dili lahaa xayawaan daryeelle, sidaas rasaas hawada. imaano Dardaarmi uu qoriga si toos ah ugu Ivan Andreyevich. Deacon ba'an ku qayliyeen: "Waxa uu u socday si ay u dilaan isaga!" Taas ayaa ka dhigaysa ka maqnaan Von Koren.

Halkan waxaan ku yimaadaan si ay finalka, ku tilmaamay kooban. Chekhov ( "xafiiltanka") uu xiiseynayo in qaddar ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu waaweyn. Sidaas daraaddeed ayuu u soo final soo socda.

3 bilood ka dib markii dagaalka, maalinta tagay xayawaan duulaan ku weheliyay caawiyayaasha kiniisadda iyo Samojlenko aado dabanayaan. Waxay ka hadlaan isbedelka dhacay la Laevsky. Ivan A. waxaa haatan guursaday Nadezhda Fedorovna. Waxa uu ka shaqeeyaa yahay subaxda ilaa habeenkii, inay bixiyaan daynta. Go'aansiga isaga soo gaadhsiiyeen, Von Koren heysta uu gacantiisa. Xayawaan hadhay run in dambi uu, laakiin waxa uu qirtay inuu qalad ku saabsan Laevsky. Waxa uu sheegay in mid ka mid ma oga runta. Laevsky ogolaado. Wuxu qabaa, in iyada oo baaris dadka ka dhigi laba talaabo weeraryahanka, hal talaabo dib. Waxaa laga yaabaa in maalin maalmaha inay gaari doonaa runta dhabta ah ...

Sayidka dhamaado sheekada "xafiiltanka" (Chekhov). Xog iyada, dabcan, waxay leedahay dabeecad soo barashada ah. Si aad u si fiican u fahamto alaabta this, fadlan la xiriir asalka ah. Wuxuu aad uga wanaagsan kooban yahay.

Chekhov ( "xafiiltanka") mar kasta uu xiiseynayo su'aalaha adag ee aannu jiritaanka. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah jilayaasha shuqulladiisa jidkii uu isagu isku dayaya in ay ka jawaabaan. Maxay yihiin jagooyinka in ay dagan yihiin jilayaasha sheekada "xafiiltanka" (Chekhov)? Falanqaynta soo saarka kaa caawin doona inaad this si ay u fahmaan.

falanqaynta

The geesiyaal waaweyn ee sheekada, iyo sidoo kale ka soo horjeeda ugu weyn ee fikirka yihiin Laevsky iyo Von Koren. Ugu dambayntii iyagoo nici is keenaysaa in xafiiltanka ah. Von Koren maleeyo bilowgii shuqullada sababaha kanligiis this. In Laevsky uu dareensan yahay promiscuity aan caadi ahayn iyo khiyaano.

Ivan Andreyevich, markeeda, ayaa aaminsan in Von Koren - adag, dabeecadda xoog, culus gurran. Xaggiisa, oo uu ku sharaxay sida, wax aan waxtar lahayn, madhan nin dhacday kii naftiisa iibsaday at qiimaha fulaynimo, caajisnimadana iyo been. Von Koren Darwinist ah oo cadow ku ah oo dhan waa inay awoodaan inay wax yeelaan dadka.

Dr. Samoylenko ayaa aaminsan in haddii dadka baabbi'in, ka dibna cadaabta la ilbaxnimada noocan oo kale ah. qof Tani ma qaadan oo aan galay Ivan Andreyevich inuu quudhsadaa adeeg, wuxuu cabbaa badan, tuur lacag, turub. Waxaa Samojlenko in sheyga waa side ah "fikradda guud." Qofkan deeqsi iyo nooca helo in ay lacag Ivan Andreyevich, inkastoo uu fahamsan yahay in uu ka mas'uul ka cararayaa. In la metalayo Samojlenko gudaha ku jira hab iyaga u gaar sharxayaa sababta, raadinta runta, dadka qaladaad samayso ( "laba talaabo weeraryahanka, hal talaabo dib"). xiiso nolosha, silica, la'aanta "fikradaha guud" iyaga dhimaya. Sababta oo ah ninkan ma ahan oo kaliya xasaasi ah moral. Waxaa la dhimanayaan qof ku nool in ka muujinayaa in shaqo ee "xafiiltanka" Chekhov. hogaanka falanqaynta Tani si uu u dhameystiro. Waxaan soo jeedinaynaa in akhristaha si ay u muujiyaan on akhrin ka.

Arrimaha saameeya qoraaga, waa run ahaantii muhiim ah. Aan waxba manhajka ka mid ah sheekada "xafiiltanka" (Chekhov). Xog for qorka akhristaha ee aad samayn kartaa oo ku saleysan ku qorani.