War World Labaad. September 1, 1939 - September 2, 1945 duulaankii Jarmal ee Poland on September 1, 1939

In taariikhda adduunka, waxa la malaysan in taariikhda bilowga dagaalkii labaad ee dunida - September 1, 1939, markii ciidamada Jarmal ayaa dharbaaxo si Poland. cidhibtii of this ahaa ay shaqo dhamaystiran iyo darsanka ee dhulka ee Maraykanka kale. Sidaas darteed, Britain iyo France ay ku dhawaaqday galo dagaalka kula Germany, taas oo bilaabay abuurka ah isbahaysiga la dagaalanka burcad-Hitler. On maalmahan, dab Yurub kor u kacday xoog Eebaha kalida ah.

aargoosiga military harraad

Ciidamada wadista ee siyaasadda dagaal ee Germany ee soddon jirka ahaa inay dib u eegaan soohdimaha Yurub, aasaasay si waafaqsan ku Treaty of Versailles ee 1919, xididaysan natiijada afjaridda si sharci ah wax yar ka hor dagaalka. Sida aad ogtahay, Germany intii lagu jiray olole lagu guuleysan waayo, ayaa laga badiyay tiro ka mid ah dhulka ay leeyihiin iyadii hore. guushii doorashada Hitler ee 1933 inta badan ay sabab u tahay wicitaanada uu u aar military iyo u hogaansanaanta dhan dhulal Jarmal nool yihiin qowmiyadaha Jarmalka. hadallada noocan oo kale ah ayaa laga helay gooye qoto dheer kuna sugan laabta codbixiyayaasha, oo waxay isagii siiyeen codkooda.

Ka hor waxaa jiray weerar lagu qaaday Poland (1 September 1939), iyo ka badan si hufan sano ka hor, Germany ayaa Anschluss (darsanka) ee Austria oo badhkood of gobolka Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia. Si loo fuliyo qorshayaasha kuwaas, iyo in ay is ka caabin suurto galka ah ee Poland ilaaliyo, Hitler ayaa soo gabagabeeyay iyaga kula 1934 heshiiskii nabadda, iyo afarta sano ee soo socota ay si firfircoon uga abuuraan muuqaalka kore ee saaxiibtinimo. Sawirka ayaa la bedelay ka dib markii si weyn Sudetenland iyo qayb weyn oo ka mid ah Czechoslovakia ayaa si qasab ah ku lifaaqan Reich ah. In cod cusub ka dhawaajisay iyo diblomaasiyiinta Jarmal aqoonsan caasimada Poland.

Germany ayaa sheegay in oo isku dayaysa in ay u soo horjeeda

Ka hor inta aan September 1, 1939 ugu weyn ee Jarmal sheegashada dhul ka dhanka ah Poland ahaayeen, marka hore, dalkooda, ku xiga si ay badda bari iyo Bariga Prussia kala Germany, iyo marka labaad, Danzig (Gdansk), kaas oo lahaa waqti in xaaladda magaalada oo lacag la'aan ah. In labada kiisaska, Reich eryadeen danaha siyaasadeed ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale dhaqaale la sifaynayo. Marka tan la eego, Dowladda Polish ah ayaa cadaadis firfircoon ka diblomaasiyiinta Jarmal.

In guga ee Wehrmacht ka anna waxaan soo qaaday qayb ka mid ah Czechoslovakia, taas oo weli la hadhay ay xorriyadda, ka dib markii taas ay caddaatay in wareega soo socda uu noqon doono si Poland. Summer wadahadalo Moscow ayaa lagu qabtay diblomaasiyiinta dalalka dhowr. Ay hawl ahaa in la sameeyo tallaabooyin ammaanka Yurub iyo abuurista isbahaysi faray gardarada ah Jarmal. Laakiin ma uu sameeyay sababta oo ah booska uu ka Poland laftiisa. Intaa waxaa dheer, niyad wanaag aan ku Qaddarray in la ogaaday, oo canaano, oo ka mid ah ka qaybgalayaasha kale, kuwaasoo mid walba uu baabiiyo qorshayaashooda.

cidhibtii of this ahaa heshiiskii hadda caan saxiixay by Molotov iyo Ribbentrop. Qoraalkan waxa loogu balan qaadayo Hitler aan faragalin dhinaca Soviet haddii ay dhacdo gardarada, iyo Fuehrer siiyey amarka si bilowgii colaadda.

Ciidamada dagaalka iyo gardarada ku taal soohdinta

Weerareen Poland ah, Germany lahaa faa'iido la taaban karo in tirada shaqaalaha ee ciidamada, iyo qalab farsamo. Waxaa la og yahay in markan ciidamada ay hubaysan tiriyey siddeed iyo sagaashan kala qaybsanaanta, halka Poland September 1, 1939, waxay lahaayeen oo kaliya sagaal iyo soddon. Qorshaha si uu u qabto dhulka Polish u dhashay magaca code "Weiss".

Si aad u fuliyaan, amarka Jarmal loo baahan yahay marmarsiiyo, oo la xidhiidha sirdoonka iyo counterintelligence waxaa fuliyey taxane ah oo kaaga dhirfiyeen, kuwaas oo ujeedada ahayd in la eedeeyo dhicin dagaalkii on dadka Poland. Shaqaalaha waaxda khaaska ah oo ka mid ah SS, iyo dambiilayaasha, qorteen xabsiyada Jarmal kala duwan, ku labisan dharka rayidka ah iyo ku hubeysan hubka Polish, weerarro xiriir ah oo ku saabsan goobaha Jarmal ku yaal oo dhan ku teedsan soohdinta.

Bilowgii dagaalka, September 1, 1939

Sayidka abuuray munaasabadda waxaa ka dhaadhiciyeen filan: ilaalinta danaha qaran ka dhanka ah isfurnaashaha ka baxsan. Germany galeen Poland on September 1, 1939, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan ka dib markii United Kingdom iyo France ayaa ka qaybgalayaasha in dhacdooyinka noqon. safka hore Land kala ahaa lix iyo toban boqol oo kilomitir, laakiin aan ka ahayn in, Jarmalka ayaa loo isticmaalaa ay ciidamada badda.

Laga soo bilaabo maalinta ugu horeysa ee weerarka markab dagaal Jarmalka dab on Danzig, taas oo tiro aan yareyn oo kaydka cuntada waxaa ku urursan furay. magaaladan waxaa noqday Fatxi ugu horeysay oo ay keeneen War World Labaad Jarmalka. September 1, 1939 waxay bilaabeen in ay weerar ku ah dalka. By dhamaadka maalinta ugu horeysa ee lagu dhawaaqay midowga reer Danzig in Reich ah.

Duulaankii ee Poland September 1, 1939 fuliyay khayraadka oo dhan at asturidda ciidamada Reich. Waxaa la og yahay in ku dhowaad mar waxaa la soo dersay magaalooyinka duqeymo maanan helin sida Wielun, Chojnice, Starogard iyo Bydgoszcz. SWAT intooda badan lagu sameeyay Vilyun halkaas ku dhintay in laba boqol oo deggan maalinta, iyo toddobaatan boqolkiiba shan dhismayaasha la baabbi'iyey. Sidoo kale ka bambooyin Nazi si dhab ah u saamaysay magaalooyin kale oo badan.

Natiijada dillaacay cadaawadda Germany

Sida ay qorshe hore loo horumariyo istiraatiiji ah, September 1, 1939 bilaabay howlgal lagu baabi'iyo hawada Poland Aviation, ku salaysan ee airfields military ee qaybo kala duwan oo dalka ah. Jarmalka Oo kuwanu waxay ka qayb qaatay horumarinta deg deg ah oo ciidamada dhulka iyo fursadaha saboolsan Poles in meelaynaayo ciidamada dagaalka ay tareenka, iyo sidoo kale si uu u dhameystiro ku bilaabay wax yar ka hor abaabulka. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in maalinta saddexaad dagaalka Air Force Polish la gabi ahaanba la burburiyay.

Ciidamada Jarmal horumariyo weerar iyadoo la raacayo qorshaha, "dhantaalay Krieg" - dagaal hillaac. September 1, 1939, isagoo ka dhigay duulaankii ee sirreyda ah, Jarmalka qoto dheer sii galay dalka, laakiin meelo badan ayaa la kulmay iska caabin kulul liita iyaga in ciidamada cutubyo Polish. Laakiin dhexgalka ee unugyada kaxaynta gaadhi oo gaashaaman ogolaanayo in ay geeystaan dharbaaxo burburiyo. Jidhkooda oo hore u baxay, gudbid iska caabin ah oo ka mid ah unugyada Polish, u diiday, waxaa macquul ah ee tafaraaruqa iyo xiriir la Shaqaalaha Guud.

Duudsigaas of sokeeye

Iyadoo la tixraacayo saxiixay bishii May 1939 heshiis, ciidamada huwanta lahaa tan iyo wakhtigii hore ee gardarada Jarmal si walba la heli karo si ay u caawiyaan oo polish ah. Laakiin dhab ahaantii, waxaa soo baxay arrin oo kala duwan. The falalka ka mid ah Labadii Col waxaa lagu dambe loo yaqaan "dagaalka balan qaadyo been". Xaqiiqada ah in maalin marka waxaa jiray weerar lagu qaaday Poland (1 September 1939), oo ahaa madaxdii labada dal u diray masuuliyiinta Jarmal danbays ah in ay joojiyaan colaada. Iyagoo aan jawaab togan helay, ciidamada Faransiiska on September 7, xadka Jarmal ee gobolka Saar ah.

Iyadoo wax iska caabin ah, ay yihiin, hase ahaatee, halkii ay soo koraya weerar dheeraad ah, tixgeliyo ugu fiican naftooda ma in ay sii wadaan dagaalka oo bilaabay inuu ku soo laabto ay asalka ah. Ingiriisi waxaa guud ahaan ku koobnayn duwidda a of ballantaas ay. Sayidka, Xulafada khiyaano gacangeliyey Poland, iyada tegaayo in ay waxtaraan naftooda waayo.

Dhanka kale, culimada casriga ah waxaa la dareemay in sida ay qasaarisay fursad gaar ah si ay u joojiyaan dagaalka gardarada ah Nazi iyo si ka baaxad weyn oo dagaal muddo dheer badbaadiyo Dadka. Maxaa yeelay, dhammaan xooggiisii military ay of Germany wakhtigaas ma ay lahayn ciidamada ku filan u yeelato inay dagaal ku saabsan saddex furimood. Waayo, khiyaanay this of France xooray bixisay ee sannadka soo socda, marka dhinaca faashistihii gaardi doonaa iyada oo jidadka ay caasimada.

The dagaalka ugu weyn

Toddobaad ka dib Warsaw waxaa la hoos geliyey ciribtir cadowga kulul, oo waxaa lagu, dhab ahaantii, ka go'ay unugyada ugu weyn ee ciidanka. Waxay soo weerareen lix Panzer Corps Wehrmacht. Iyada oo dhib weyn, daafacyada ka mid ah magaalada ay awoodaan si ay u joojiyaan cadowga. difaaca ee caasimadda, in la kordhiyo ilaa 27 September. raafadiyay The xiga waxaa badbaadiyey dhamaantood burbur iyo lama huraan. Muddo dhan horaysa Jarmalka ayaa qaaday Tallaabooyin xooggan si uu u qabto Warsaw: hal maalin oo kaliya 19 September 5818 soo daateen bambooyin, kaas oo sababay dhaawac aad u weyn in ay ka taxadiri naqshadda u gaar ah, in aan ku xuso dadka.

dagaal Major wakhtigaas ka dhacay webiga Bzura ah - mid ka mid ah addoommo ah Vistula ah. Laba ciidan Polish Qabanay dharbaaxo burburiyo in ay dhacdo sare ee Warsaw Division 8aad ee Wehrmacht ah. Sidaas darteed, Germany ayaa lagu qasbay in ay tagaan on daafaca ka, iyo kaliya in ay gurmadka iyaga xoojiyo bixiyaan a Fadilmo tiro la taaban karo u yimid, dabcan dagaalka ugu beddelay. ciidanka Polish ma hor istaagi karay ciidamada ay ka xoogbadan. Qiyaas ahaan ilaa boqol iyo soddon kun oo qof ayaa lagu qaaday maxbuus, oo wax yar uun suurtagashay in ay hesho oo ka mid ahaa "ka buuxdo" oo jebiyaan caasimada.

markeeda lama filaan ah dhacdooyinka

qorshaha daafaca ay ku salaysan tahay waxay rumaysan yihiin in UK iyo France, fulinta waajibaadka sida Waliyeelata, inay ka qeyb qaataan colaadda. Waxaa loo maleeyey in ciidamada Polish, Socda in ay koonfur-galbeed ee dalka, aasaasay a bridgehead daafac awood leh, halka Wehrmacht ee lagu qasbi lahaa in qayb ka mid ah ciidamada guurto heer cusub - dagaal ah oo ku saabsan laba arrimood. Laakiin nolosha sameeyey kaabidda ay.

Dhowr maalmood ka dib ciidamada Army Red, sida lagu maamuuska qarsoodi ah oo dheeraad ah heshiis aan gardarada ah Soviet-Jarmal, galeen dalka reer Poland. Ujeeddada rasmiga ah ee ficilkan uu ahaa si loo hubiyo ammaanka Belarusians, Ukrain iyo Yuhuudda oo ku nool gobollada bariga ee dalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, natiijada dhabta ah ee hordhaca ciidamada ahayd goysiga si Midowga Soofiyeeti tiro ka mid ah dhulalka reer Poland.

Ogaaday in dagaalka lumay, amarka sare ee Polish ayaa tagay dalka, iyo isku dheeraad ah falalka fuliyay Romania, halkaas oo u haajiray adigoo gujinaya xadka si sharci darro ah. In view of go'an ee shaqo ee dalka, madaxda Polish, doorbiday Ciidamada Soviet, muwaadiniinta uu la shaqayn jiray amar ku bixiyay in aan la siin iska caabin ah. Taasi waxay ahayd qalad ka go'an iyada oo sababtu tahay Jaahil ah ee xaqiiqda ah in saamaynta labada horjeeda ay yihiin sameeyay qorshe pre-dubaridan.

dagaal ugu danbeysay ee weyn ee polish ah

Ciidamada Soviet sii dartay xaaladda hore u muhiim ah oo polish ah. In muddo adag, waxaannu ku hoos laba ka mid ah ay dagaal adag on askari oo qayb ka mid ah kuwa la jiray, waayo, wakhtigii ayaa soo maray tan iyo markaas oo dhan, marka September 1, 1939 Germany galeen Poland. In badan oo iyaga ka mid ah dagaal kaliya la saari karo webiga Bzura. Labada iyaga ka mid ah, iyada oo bareeg ah oo dhowr maalmood ah, meel qaatay oo u dhow magaalada Tomaszow Lubelski, hadda ka mid ah gobolka Lublin ah.

Poles dagaalka shaqada waxaa ka mid ahaa ciidamada Labadii Col in ay jebiyaan oo caqabad Jarmalka, ka xanibeen jidka loo Lions. Sidaas darteed dagaalo dheer oo dhiig leh dhinaca Polish soo gaaray khasaare culus, oo maxbuus ee Jarmalka jiray in ka badan labaatan kun oo ciidamada Polish. Sidaas darteed, Tadeusz Piskor ayaa lagu qasbay in uu ku dhawaaqo is dhiibin ee hore dhexe isaga by.

Bilaabeen September 17 Battle of Tamashuvom Lubelski ugu dhakhsaha badan u bilaabay la luminayey cusboonaaday. Kulanka ayaa waxaa ka soo qaybgalay ciidamada Polish of Northern Front ah, oo reer galbeed ah cadaadisay by Asluubta toddobaad ciidanka General Jarmal Leonarda Vekera, iyo xagga bari ka - qayb ka mid ah Ciidanka Cas, ku simaha kula Jarmalka sida qorshaha uu hal. Waa wax iska cad in daciifaan oo ka mid ah khasaaraha hore oo diiday isgaarsiinta oo leh hogaaminta ciidamada guud, Poles isma hor taagi kari waayeen ciidamada weerarka xulafadooda.

iyo bilowgii dagaalka dhuumaalaysiga ah iyo samaynta kooxaha qarsoodi ah

By September 27 Warsaw ahaa gabi ahaanba ay gacmaha ka mid ah Jarmalka, kuwaas oo maamula qaybo badan oo gebi ahaanba burburin iska caabin ah cutubyo ciidanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xitaa marka dalka oo dhan heystey, amarka Polish ayaa saxiixay qalab ah ee is dhiibin. dalka ayaa si weyn loo geeyay dhaqdhaqaaqa dhuumaalaysiga ah madax saraakiisha ciidanka mustaqbalkiisa aqoon iyo waayo-aragnimo dagaal lagama maarmaanka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, xataa muddada iska caabin firfircoon si ay amarka naasiga Polish ku xusan si ay u dhisaan urur ballaaran dhulka hoostiisa loo yaqaan "Service ee Victory Poland ee."

Natiijooyinka duulaankii ee Poland

Duulaankii ee Poland September 1, 1939 dhamaaday iyadoo guuldaradii iyo qaybaha xiga. Hitler qorsheeyay abuurka iyada gobolka puppet la territory gudahood xuduudaha boqortooyada Poland, taas oo qayb ka ahayd ka 1815 si ay u 1917 ee Russia. Laakiin Stalin waxaa ka soo horjeeda qorshaha, sida uu ahaa koox weyin waxbarashada dadweynaha wax Polish.

duulaankii Germany ee Poland 1939 iyo guuldarada ku xiga dhamaystiran la soo dhaafay karti Midowga Soofiyeeti gelin sannadahaas ka Waliyeelata Germany, ku lifaaqan soohdimihiisu meel ka mid ah 196,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran. km oo ay sabab u tahay kor u dadweynaha by 13 milyan oo qof. xuduudda cusub oo kala duwan ayaa goobaha ay degan yihiin is haysta ee Ukraine iyo Belarusians ka meelaha taariikh ahaan ay deggan yihiin Jarmalka.

Isagoo ka hadlayay weerarka German on Poland ee September 1939, waxaa la ogaadaa in hoggaanka dagaal Jarmal maamula oo dhan si ay u gaaraan qorshahooda. Sidaas darteed cadaawadda xadka of East Prussia kor u dhaqaaqay Warsaw. Tirada Qadarka 1939 ee gobollada Polish ku nool yihiin in ka badan sagaal iyo badh malyuun oo qof oo qayb ka ah noqday Reich Saddexaad.

Si rasmi ah waxaa la ilaashaa oo keliya qayb yar oo ka mid ah gobolka hore, u jideeyey, Berlin. Its caasimada ahaa Krakow. Waayo, muddo dheer (September 1, 1939 - September 2, 1945) Poland fursad yar si ay u qabtaan wax siyaasad madax banaan.