Vera Horuzhaya: Biography iyo sawirka

In caasimadda ah ee Belarus, Minsk, waxaa jira waddo oo la magacaabay ka dib markii halyeeyad oo ka mid ah bulshada iyo dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic - Faith Zakharovna Horuzhei. naag Belarus caadiga ah u dhintay xorriyadda ee dalka uu u dhashay iyo dadkiisa. Waxaa la guddoonsiiyey Hero horyaalka ee Midowga Soofiyeeti waxa mowdka ka danbeeya. Maxaa ka dhigay feat ugu Khoruzhaya Vera Zakharovna? Waxaad ku baran doontaa ka dib markii reading article ah.

Childhood B. Horuzhei

Biography Khoruzhey bilaabay in 1903, on September 27. Waxaa muuqatay in nuurka gobolka Bobruisk, Minsk, in qoyska ka tirsan Belarus. Aabahay waxa uu ahaa askari bilays ah ilaa 1908, shaqo la'aan muddo dhowr sano ah, ka dibna soo shaqeeyay Foreman a on meelaha kaneecada dheecaan. Ka dib markii kacaanka, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa u adeega ururada kala duwan; Waxa uu ku dhintay 1940. Oo hooyadiis ahayd mid guri joogta ah.

Mudo yar ka dib qoyska u dhaqaaqay magaalada Mozyr, oo Vera Zaharovna Horuzhaya ku bartay dugsiga naxwaha iyo dugsiga marxaladda II, kaas oo u suurtagashay in ay ku dhameysan ee 1919. Farmhand lahaa in ay ka shaqeeyaan, markaas macalin tuulada of Polesie.

qaraabada Her ayaa ka mid ah siyaasadda, laakiin gabadha ayaa weli dhalinyarada hore Isguursadaan nafteeda Nagi fikirka Bolshevik.

dhalinyarada dagaal

At da'da 16 sano photos Khoruzhaya Vera in aad fursad u leeyihiin inay arkaan maqaalka, ayaa sheegay in nabad gelyo Ehelkiisa guriga iyo kaceen inay la diriraan on hore. Iyada oo qayb ka mid ah Komsomol Army Red guuto Chun, iskaa wax u qabso, Vera ka qeyb qaatay dagaalka koox of General Bulak-Balakhovich. In 1920, waxay noqotay xubin ka mid ah Komsomol ah, oo ku biiray xisbiga ee 1921.

Kadib markii uu dhamaystay olole militari oo uu Vera Zaharovna Horuzhaya baray carruurta dugsiga, iyo ka dib mas'uul ka ah waaxda waxbarashada siyaasadeed ee Guddiga degmada ee Komsomol ee Mozyr iyo Bobruisk. Her awoodda cajiib ah oo ka mid ah qabanqaabiyaha iyo soo jiidashada ayaa loo oggolaa inay noqon mid ka mid ah madaxda Komsomol.

Waxa la arko saffarro Faith?

Casriga ah, ku tilmaamay iyada sawirka, xusay in Vera, sida la odhan jiray, indhaha cirro lahaa la-galyadeena buluug, iyo khiyaano oo iftiimay. Waxay ahayd nuurka naag brown-lehba timaha gaaban yar kuweyga iyo timaha disheveled. Faith ma la odhan karaa waa qurux ah, waxaa ka mid ahaa koobaa iyo xarrago, oo iyana waxay ahayd angular iyo af badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ahayd mid aad u soo jiidasho leh. Wejigeeda ahayd arrin wanaagsan oo dhoola fiican Nuuri uu. Waxay ahayd caato ah, dheer, ka buuxo tamar, luminayey, ku dhuftay inuu farxad iyo jacaylka nolosha.

By dabiiciga ah ee mabda'a, truth-, Zakharovna Faith ahaa taageere u ahaa run buuxda, ha ka baqin in uu muujiyo in uu ra'yi, haddii aysan ku beeganto rasmiga ah.

Khoruzhaya aan ixtiraamo oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale u jeclaa. Waxay xaliyay bartay, awood this si dhakhso ah isu cabbiri in wax, waa ay fududahay in la xasuusto. Vera Horuzhaya ka qayb wargeyska, oofiyey waajibaadka guud ee Komsomol ah.

In Komsomol ah

Ka dib markii dugsiyada xisbiga qalin Vera Khoruzhaya casuumay inay ka shaqeeyaan Guddiga Dhexe ee Komsomol of Belarus. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu bilaabaa si ay u daabacaan uu articles horeysay suugaanta iyo saxaafadda. shuqulkeedu ahaa, oo kulul oo loo waxyooday, waxaa ka buuxsamay xamaasad dhalinyaro ah oo soo jiidatay dareenka of qorayaasha waaweyn ee casriga ah. Aqoon iyaga la wanaagsan ka muuqataa in ay hal-abuurka saxaafadeed iyo farshaxanka.

waqti gaaban ka dib, waxaa loo magacaabay oo ah tifaftiraha wargeyska ah Komsomol "Young falaa". Laakiin in shaqo this muddo dheer si ay ula Vera Zakharovna shaqeeyaan guuldareystay.

Bilow hawlo qarsoodi ah

Sidaas darteed of War Polish-Ruush ee 1920-1921. Poland qabsadeen dhulal of Western Belarus. In goobaha ay degan xukuumadda cusub isku dayeen in ay milmi dadka asal ahaan Belarus maxalliga ah, waxa Polonised.

Horuzhaya Vera Zaharovna, kuwaas oo Biography waxa uu noqday tusaale oo ka mid ah geesinimada iyo sharafta, had iyo jeer kala dillaacay meelaha ugu adag. Bilowga ee 1924 ayay la waayay ka Minsk. Waxaa la soo diray inay dhulka degan Polish in uu abaabulo a hawlo qarsoodi ah. Waxay noqdo xoghayaha zapadnobelorusskogo of Komsomol iyo waqti isku mid ah loo doortay xubin ka mid ah xisbiga shuuciga ah ee gobolka. Thanks to horumarinta firfircoon ee tiro aad u Horuzhei galay mucaaradka firfircoon u duulay Polish si degdeg ah sii kordhaya.

partiyka Young Vera Khoruzhaya bilowday adag oo khatar ah waddooyinka halganka dhulka hoostiisa. Waxay lahaa ku waari oo uu ku sameeyo shaqada xaalado aad u adag: booliiska ee galbeedka of Belarus waa dhib badan inay argagax dadweynaha, ka badan in Poland laftiisa. Sirqarinta lagama maarmaan ahayd si ay u dhawraan adag ka. In xaaladaha adag ee sharci iyo go'amada booliska Khoruzhaya si firfircoon u abuuray ah ururada dhalinyarada ee Kacaanka, ayaa u safray badan oo magaalooyinka yar yar iyo tuulooyinka of Western Belarus ku jiray Brest, Grodono, Bialystok, Slonim, Kobrin iyo magaalooyin kale.

Tan iyo bilowgii hawsheeda dhulka hoostiisa qabto waajibaadka xoghayaha golaha dhexe ee Komsomol zapadnobelorusskogo. Isla mar ahaantaana uu doortay xubin ka mid ah Guddiga Polish Dhexe ee shuuciga Young ku League iyo xisbiga shuuciga ah ee gobolka. Faith door qiimo in ururka dhaqdhaqaaqa mass kacaan dadweynaha, waxaa sii kordhaya iyadoo saacad kasta marayay, in kasta oo cadaadis ah.

Xadhiga ugu horeysay

Faith Khoruzhaya qabtay Bialystok dayrta ee 1925. Faahfaahinta ku saabsan Brest ah "inta lagu jiro ka-fool ah iyo soddon" taas oo Khoruzhaya iimaanka lagu xukumay muddo lix sano oo xabsi ah ka qayb ah shaqada kacaan sharci-darrada ah, ee xubin xisbiga shuuciga ah, ayaa noqday mid sii daayay kaliya ee 1927. In xiga, Bialystok ah "intii lagu jiray boqol iyo saddex iyo soddon" Horuzhei kordhay waqtiga iyo ayaa lagu xukumay siddeed sannadood.

doonista kacaan dhalinyaro ah ku guuldareystay in ay jebiyaan wax guddoon dulmi ama gabagabo xaaladaha adag. Waxay halkaas kaceen inay la diriraan, oo lagu doortay guddiga xisbiga xabsiga. Xataa halkaas Khoruzhaya diri lahaa farriin ay doonayaan in ay ku ridi dhamaysto. In 1931, warka ka soo rideen godkii lagu daabici doonaa in Midowga Soofiyeeti daabacaadda shaqsi, buugga loo yaqaan "Waraaqaha in fursad."

In 1930, ku lug ururka ee xoraynta ee Western Belarus Khoruzhaya abaal Order reer Banner Red.

ganacsi xisbiga nabadda

In 1932, Vera Khoruzhaya Zakharovna Biography kooban oo lagu yaqaan in ay waa kuwa xiiso taariikhda qof kasta, ku soo laabtay Russia: hoos heshiiska waxaa la badelay loogu talagalay maxaabiista siyaasadeed Polish. Iyada oo farxad waxay bilowday inay iskaashi la yeesho publications guddiga tifaftirka dhulka hoostiisa zapadnobelorusskogo ka dibna u safri Kazakhstan on Balhashstroy. Ka dib markii xoraynta Ciidamada Soviet in Western Belarus, 1939, waxaa mar kale Taliyaha ee gobolka, oo la xiriira in ay dhalinyarada. Vera xiiso leh, energetically ka shaqeeya gudiga degmada ee Telekhany dambe ee guddiga gobolka Pinsk.

Mar kale, waxaa lagu wareejiyay Midowga Soofiyeeti, halkaas oo ay ku yahay arrimaha xisbiga mashquul ku Minsk iyo goobaha dhismaha weyn. Xaddi weyn oo shaqo xisbiga aan faragalin ku gaarka ah hablaha soo jiidasho: Vera noqday naag ku faraxsan yahay, iyo in 1936 ayay muuqatay gabadhii Anya hooyadiis markay dhallinyarada ahaa mas'uul ka ah waxbarashada Xisbiga House balhashstroevskim.

Dhalleeceeyay xarigga iyo xaq

partiyka Schematic Horuzhaya Vera Zaharovna raacin karaa oo keliya marka amar, laakiin sidoo kale si ay u muujiyaan shaki, dhaleeceeyo wax oo uusan kugu raacsaneyn. Taas ma qof kasta oo aan raalli ka. In 1937, ee August, qaadashada shaqaalaha ay u qalmeen Belarus dhulka hoostiisa qabtay NKVD. Incriminated dhirfiyeen iyada ka gees ah hawlaha dawladda iyo basaasnimo ah in danaha Poland. Just ha tijaabiyo oo ahaa warbixiye ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira talooyin in ay ahayd u ololeeya nin Stanislav Mertens, Anna aabihiis.

Laakiin mid ka mid ahaa afartii baarayaasha ku fashilantay in ay ku qasbi shuuciga Khoruzhaya ah u qiro ah basaasnimo. maxkamadda waxaa la qabtay August 1939 oo socday muddo laba maalmood ah. Waxa uu noqday dabaal ka mid ah qof dumar ah oo dhallinyaro ah ayaa waxaa ka dhaadhacsan ee aan eed lahayn oo dhan. Faith waayay oo xabsiga la sii daayay.

Hal bil ka dib, iyo dalkii reer galbeedka Belarus ayaa la sii daayay by Ciidamada Red.

Oo haddana 1940 gabadhii uu Vera soo laabtay guriga yar, shaqeeyo mar kale on line xisbiga.

Faith Zakharovna mar kale ku faraxsan yahay in uu noloshiisa shakhsiga ah, waxa ay guursatay mar labaad, waayo, Sergei Kornilov, kuwaas oo ahaa tijaabo ah oo military iyo hadda la soo shaqeeyay Horuzhei.

Vera Horuzhaya - xaaskiisa of geesiga

June 22, wax yar kaddib marka lagu dhawaaqo dagaal, laba waxay tageen guddiga xisbiga ee gobolka. waxay waxaa la kulmay Awliyadiisa duug ah, taliyihii hore ee Spain Brigade Vasiliy Zaharovich Korzh. Waxa uu diiwaan Iimaanka iyo Sergei ee liiska ugu horeysay soo baxaya unit dhuumaalaysiga ah.

Soon, askartii uu madax ka Vasiliem Korzhem, ayaa koray si lixdan dadka oo loogu talo galay in la bilaabo dagaal. Sergei Kornilov noqday hoggaamiyaha kooxda dagaalka ku jira. Waxa uu haleel by dhimasho geesinimada in mid ka mid ah dagaallada ugu horeysay ciidamada Jarmal ee degmada Pinsk ah. Laakiin Khoruzhaya Vera, naagtii geesiga, dayrta ee isla sanadkaas loo diray waynaha hawsha in la wargeliyo oo ku saabsan jiritaanka kooxo dhuumaalaysiga ah. On habka ay u safka hore, gadaashiisa khadadka cadowga, Horuzhei lahaa si uu u daawado oo dhan qarow ah ee qabashada faashistihii, cidhiidhi oo ka mid ah dadka caadiga ah.

Marka ay, Faith ogaaday in ay ahayd mid aan dib ugu soo laabto ogol yahay. Guide talinayaa in jabhada uurka leh inay ka baxaan qaraabada qaxidda. dhalashada wiilkeeda ka dib markii, aad, Faith aan tiimbanaynay fadhiya by, isku dayaya in ay ka faa'iideysan dalkooda xaggiisa dambe. At beerta, ayay shaqeeyay sidii xisaabiye, laakiin wakhti dheer ah way taagnaan kari waayeen hab nololeed noocan oo kale ah.

Formation of kooxda in ay ka shaqeeyaan ka dambeeya khadadka cadowga

Leaving carruurta Walaashiis, Vera u tageen inay Moscow oo uu bilaabo inuu diyaariyo in ay si sharci darro ah ku shaqeeyaan gayiga. Ka dib oo dhan, waxay ahayd waayo-aragnimo weyn hawlaha sida. Zakharovna Faith bilaabmaa xaqiiqda ah in xarunta oo ka mid ah maraakiibta dhexdhexaad doorteen shaqaalaha for shaqo sharci daro ah. Waxay ka dibna waxa la dhamaystiro doonaa amarka gabadhii si ay shuqulka sharci-darrada ah ee gadaalka dambe ee Nazi Germany.

Faith Zakharovna helay naaneesta ah - Anna Kornilov. Under magacan waxa uu ahaa inay wax ka qabtaan in Godku ee cadowga, in Vitebsk ee safka hore qabsadeen by duulay ee.

xaaladda safka hore ee gobolka Vitebsk ah

In xagaaga dambe, kooxda Vera ayaa isku diyaarinaya in ay ka gudbaan safka hore. Waxay ahaayeen inay caawiyaan ka howl dhuumaalaysiga ah. Xaaladda military la joogo in aan ahaa mid aad u faraxsan waayo jabhada ah. weerar ayaa la hakiyey. jabhada Vitebsk si toos ah xiriir la cutubyo ciidamada ka hore, waxay si fudud u dhaqaaqi karaan dhamaan caqabadaha hor-line, geeyey qoridda caadiga ah ciidan, sahayda cuntada iyo calafka, iyaga qudhooduba waxaa laga keenay hub iyo rasaas. Laakiin ma ahayn dheer socon. Jarmalka jiido ciidamada cusub qaybta hore, si ay u daboosho horumar degdeg ah ka dhalanaya. Tani waxay keentay in dagaal culus oo xaqiiqda ah in zone dhuumaalaysiga ah la xiraan gebi ahaanba. Dhamaadka xagaagii 1942 ciidanka Jarmal riixay kooxaha dhuumaalaysiga ah ka dibna si buuxda u soo jeestay "Vitebsk Gate". Xilligan la joogo aad, halkan, tuulada yar Pudot, oo waxaa jiray koox Anny Kornilovoy.

Amarka Jarmalka in la siiyo booska kaalinta more qabsadeen Vitebsk. Mid ka mid ah ayaa waxaa uu ku yaalaa meel u dhow safka hore iyo waxaa loo tixgeliyaa labaad oo kaliya in ay irdaha Smolensk on habka ay u Moscow. Magaalada waxaa ka buuxsamay ciidamada. Sidaa darteed, xataa shirqoolkii ugu khibrad leh si deg deg ah ku degtay. Intaa waxaa dheer, in ay adagtahay in ay ka shaqeeyaan iyada oo aan xiriir: radio adag reebay. Magaalada ayaa la aasaasay raadinta jihada aad u cad.

gabdhaha curyaamin

Waxay jeelyihiin in baahi weyn oo ahayd jabhada ah oo lagu taageerayo isgaadhsiinta shaqaalaha si gaar ah iyada oo ku xiran. October 1 Vera jiray Vitebsk, in den ee cadowga. Iyada oo iyada shaqo dhexdhexaad iyo labaatan. Waxay sababihii saldhigga tareenka, samaynta jidkooda iyo ka aerodromes warshado ka, in xafiiska taliyaha ee.

Home Waayo, Faith noqotay Cidhibtii dadka, caloolxumadooda. Marka muwaadiniinta rabshado baahsan soo diray in ay ka shaqeeyaan in Germany, urur dhulka hoostiisa hoos jihada of Anna Kornilova isku dayay in ay carqaladeeyaan tallaabo this. Jabhada ayaa waraaqo ku saabsan sarrifka shaqada gubay, halaagnay xafiiska baasaboor ee gendarmerie ah, ayaa abaabulay doon ah u Awliyadiisa qoysaska oo dhan, dadka xitaa la sii daayay ka tareenada xidhay Germany. Gabdhaha leeyihiin gargaarka wayn soo baxsaday maxbuus xeryaha dagaal. Waxay diyaarinayeen ficil ee garoonka, boosteejada tareenka, qarax tiyaatarka movie for naasiga ah. weerarada joogtada ah iyo cabsi ma faragelin xaqiiqada ah in ku dhowaad maalin kasta ku dhacay tareen marin habaabiyay ay saarnaayeen ciidamo iyo qalab. Gabdhaha waraaqo loo qaybiyey oo la soo koobay ee Laanta Macluumaadka ee Soofiyeedka.

Naasiga ugaadhsado dhulka hoostiisa midaysan xagjirka ah. By Faith bilaabay helo news naxdinta leh. Madaxda dhulka hoostiisa mara isku dayay inuu horistaago failure oo doonaya in ay Faith iyo saaxiibada iyada ku soo dejin magaalada ka. Laakiin iyadu ma doonayaan in ay xitaa ka maqli ku saabsan.

failure

Lama oga sababta ururka dhulka hoostiisa ku guuldareystay. Ilaa hadda, ma aan helin iyo meeshii waddaniyiin ah ayaa la dilay. Ma laga helay dokumentiyo ma jiraan oo keliya maragga. Waxay sheegay in November 13, 1942 Khoruzhaya loo moodayay in uu la kulmo xiran ka amarka jabhada ah. Markii ay timid gurigii ammaan ah, waxaa jiray laba Jarmalka - askari. Vera iyadii ma lumin iyo iyaga la hadlay isagoo ku sugan dalka Jarmalka. Waxay jecel yihiin xaqiiqda ah ee kulanka la naagtii Baltic Jarmal, taas oo dhacday by fursad in Vitebsk, ay xitaa ku socday iyada ku caawin. Poland waxa uu ahaa gabi ahaanba aan la filayn. Dhab ahaantii, guriga waxa ku wareegsan oo bilays ah. Inta badan, Jarmalka ma qabto wax la xidhiidha qabashada halyeeyad ah. Saraakiishii waxay ugu ma fileynin in askari oo bilays ah ku soo jabay oo guriga galay.

Faith iyo Sparrow qoyska waxaa la xiray. Qiyaastii guryahooda kor saaray ilaalada. Xilligan la joogo waxaa jiray laba gabdhood oo kale oo ma aragto carruurta ka booday oo jidka maraba iyo ku tusin calaamad u tahay khatar. Gabdhaha wax fikrad ah kama khatarta, ma aragto calaamadaha.

Dhimashada halyeeyad ah

On imtixaan ugu horeysay waxaa la ogaaday in kooxda Jarmalka ay wax war ah kama on kooxda Moscow ee. Cadaawayaashiinna ay awoodaan in la dhiso aqoonsiga indheeyayaal, taas oo ay muddo dheer ugaadhsado booliska iyo taliyaha. Waxaana kaga tage Petrova decrypt dhexda at fariin warqaadayaal iimaanka. Gabdhaha isla markiiba lagu wareejiyay qaybta hoose ee male ah buurta. Waa qol jirdil si gaar ah u qalabeysan by naasiga ee maxaabiistii ugu qiimaha badan - casemates ceeriin. korkooda waa karaaniyaal iyo jirdil ah. Waxaa caddaatay in kooxda qaawan.

Gabdhaha gaaray tortures laga cabsado, laakiin midkoodna gacangeliyey. Naasiga The toogtay dayrka of diabetes oo ah dad yar oo ka tirsan. Masiirka of intiisa kale waa cidna maleeyn. Shaki kuma jiro in ay nool yihiin ma. markhaatiyada qaarkood ayaa soo wariyay in waddaniyiin ah ayaa la toogtay magaalada dibaddeeda ah, dibicyo markii istaagay subax roobaadka qabow Ilovskom. Waxa ay u muuqataa in ay ciduna degganayn maxalli ah si kama maqlay sanqadhii baabuur ayaa kor u qaaday, kooxda reer Germany qaylo iyo codka rasaas, iyo ka dib bixitaankii kooxda Jarmalka ee meesha dhulka dil wali u dhaqaaqin: dadka ka buuxsamay nool.

Waxaa jira malo kale oo iimaanka Khoruzhaya la saaxiib iyada, sida geesiyaal kale ee dagaalka - Julius Fucik iyo Musa Jalil, qaaday in Berlin qalcaddayda Moabit.

Taasi kaliya on derbiga ka mid ah godka laga cabsado hadhay qorniinkan gaaban: "Khoruzhaya ...". Waa lagama yaabo in meeshan ka heli karto baxay nool. In waqtigeena, waxaa jira kala Museum Gobolka, iyo wadada ayaa loo magacaabay ka dib markii halyeeyad ah.

Feat Khoruzhey (kooban oo ku saabsan waxaa loo soo sheegay in maqaalka) waxaa lagu ma illoobi. In 1960, May 17, a dhexdhexaad cajiib ah abaal horyaalka ee Hero of Midowga Soofiyeeti uu Ottawa degenaa.

Lilac Vera Horuzhaya

In xasuusta of the Hero of Midowga Soofiyeeti, dagaalka dhulka hoostiisa caanka ah Belarus ku lahaa nolosha iyo farxad waayo Xukunka hooyo ah, noocyo kala duwan oo cajiib ah oo lilac la bilaabay.

Tani sort of ubax danqasho midabka kala duwan arrin weyn iyo xaqse. Waxay yihiin guduud-pink ee xarunta c fallaadhihii aan caadi ahayn oo buluug. Dhexroor ee ubax waaweyn - ilaa 2.8 cm iyo design la mid ah dhirta kale --biyoodka. Dhirta quruxsan xerada, laakiin ma aha mid aad u sareeya.

Dad badan oo ku doodaya in sort this of lilac isku tur iyo waqti isku mid raagaya sida Vera Khoruzhaya, Biography wixii lagaga dhex hadlay in aad in this article.