Ururka iyo wax soo saarka qorshaynta: maareynta logistics kharash ee shirkada

Ururka iyo qorshaynta ee wax soo saarka, isbeddel ah ee shuruudaha tartanka, tayada iyo computerization ee geedi-soo-saarka, baahida macaamiisha cunto - shuruudaha oo dhan lagama maarmaan xalinta dhibaatooyinka shirkadaha gacanta ku ool ah oo kharashka wax soo saarka. Yaraynta kharashka kaydinta, hawlaha gaadiidka wanaajisaa meel ganacsi ee ka mid ah tartamayaasha oo hoggaanka nidaamka xiriirka suuqa. Essential kiiskan ciyaaray by abaabulka iyo warshadaha technology, doorashada ee xal fiicnayn marka la eego qarashka hawlgallada logistics.

kharashka Logistics la xidhiidha bakhaaraynta, gaadiidka, iibsiga, ururinta iyo processing xogta amarada. Sida ay content ay u eg kharashka soo saarka, kharashka gaadiidka gaarsiinta iyo tagaasida alaabta. Jira urur ganacsi ee wax soo saarka, diyaarinta ee alaabta cusub in ay gaadiidka iyo dhalmada in ay macaamiisha waa set weyn oo dhibaatooyin kuwaas oo xal loo baahan yahay si loo hubiyo in isticmaalka wax ku ool ah ilaha dhaqaale ee shirkada.

kharashka gaadiidka waa wadarta kharashka maamulka iyo fulinta geedi socodka saadka, oo ilaa xad ah dhaqdhaqaaqa socodka wax aan go'doonka ka ah kharashka shirkadda xisaabinta. Taas ayaa ka dhigaysa adag tahay si ay u qiimeeyaan heerka, iyo falanqeynta raadka ay ku leeyihiin tayada nidaamka logistics.

Qaybaha ugu weyn ee kharashka logistics yihiin kharashka maareynta alaabada iyo kharashka gaadiidka. Ururka iyo qorshaynta ee wax soo saarka ay tixgeliyaan in kharashka habkii ahaan iyadoo ay sabab u shaqaynaya ee channels sahayda, hababka iyo channels qaybinta. Waayo, shirkadaha shakhsiga waa in ay la matalayay sida wadarta ah saddex qaybood oo waaweyn: kharashka sahayda (LCn), wax soo saarka iyo processing ama hawlgalka kharashka (IX) iyo qaybinta iyo kharashka iibinta (IX): LC = LCn + LCQ + LCP. Ururku waxa uu hadda iyo qorshaynta wax soo saarka ee heer ganacsi ah, siin in kharashka logistics waxaa go'aamiya boqolkiiba ama xaddiga lacageed ee iibka halkii unit ee qaybo ka qayb ama alaabta ceeriin sahayda.

kharashka maamulka Logistics waa in lagu saleeyaa mabaadi'da gaar ah: xidhiidhka tooska ah la kharashka geeddi-soo-saarka, gaadiidka iyo iibka, qorsheyneysa kharashka logistics; halaynta saldhigga macluumaadka loogu talagalay qorshaynta; formation of logistics kharash in ganacsiga guud ahaan iyo si gooni gooni ah unugyada, xisaabinta logistics ah kharash muddo waqti gaar ah.

Sidaas darteed, ururka hufan iyo qorshaynta ee wax soo saarka, maamulka logistics oo tayo sare leh waxaa la gaari by yareeyo kharashka saadka ee shirkada, taas oo dabooli meelaha sahayda ee wax soo saarka iyo suuq ah.

Dhibaatadu waxa ay ka mid ah qiimeynta waxtarka abuurnimo sooco oo qayb ka ah waraaqaha sayniska ilaa xad. Guud ahaan qiimeeyaa waxtarka mashaariicda suurto galka ah ee maal-abuurnimo hawlahaas. In sayniska qoyska dhaqan ahaan loo isticmaalo aragtida ah ee hufnaanta-soo-saarka. In suugaanta Western on mawduuca waxaa jira habab kala duwan oo la qiimeynayo waxtarka ah ee hal-abuurnimo. The shaqo ugu xiiso leh, waxaad wici kartaa maqaalka "Qiimaynta hufnaanta hal-abuurnimo", by Hugo Hollanersa (Hugo Hollanders) iyo Funda Selikel Esser (Funda Celikel Esser), kaas oo lagu lafaguraa qaab hal-abuurnimo ah tiro ka mid ah dalalka Midowga Yurub. Falanqaynta waxbarasho loo isticmaalo envelopment Data (Skov-) - hab ku salaysan mabaadi'da barnaamijyada toosan, loogu talagalay in lagu ogaado hufnaanta qaraabo ah unugyada wax soo saarka, qoondeeyey sida (DMU - Unit Go'aan Samaynta).