Unugyada dareenka inay cusboonaysiiyaan?

In aadanaha, waxaa jira in ka badan boqol bilyan oo neurons. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay ka kooban oo ka mid ah geedi socodka iyo jidhka - sida caadiga ah dendrites dhowr, gaaban iyo jahaysteen, iyo mid ka mid axon. hababka fuliyay adigoo la xiriiraya neurons kasta oo kale. Sayidka sameeyay wareegyada iyo shabakado badan oo digir ah ay dhacaan wareeg. Tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore, saynisyahano ka welwelsan tahay in unugyada dareenka si ay u cusboonaysiiyaan.

Inta nolosha ee maskaxda u lumiya neurons. Tani dhimasho hiddo qorsheeyay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka duwan unugyada kale, iyaga oo aan haysan si ay ula wadaagaan awoodda. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, waxa uu bilaabo inuu u dhaqmaan hab ka duwan. Functions unugyada lumay bilaabaan inay u dhow qabtaan, taas oo, sii kordhaysa ee size, bilaabaan si ay u sameeyaan xiriir cusub. Sayidka, mowjadda by fal l'ee neurons dhintay.

Markii hore waxa loo maleeyey in ay unugyada dareenka ha cusboonaysiiyaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, caddaynta waxaa loo diiday by daawo casri ah. Inkastoo maqnaanshaha awood u leh inay kala qaybiyaan, unugyada dareenka inay cusboonaysiiyaan iyo horumarinta ee maskaxda, xataa qof weyn. Intaa waxaa dheer, neurons abuurmo appendages lumay la xiriira unugyada kale.

Kooxda ayaa ugu weyn ee unugyada dareenka ku yaalla maskaxda. Maadaama uu off-caleemaha loo sameeyay xiriiro badan la neurons deriska ah.

Cranial, spinal iyo autonomic qanjidhada, dareemayaasha dhammaato iyo dareemayaasha, bixinta tabinta ah falalkooda in nudaha, xubnaha gudaha iyo addimada, qayb ka mid ah durugsan noqonaya habka dareemayaasha jirka aadanaha.

habka dareemayaasha ee jirka caafimaad leh waa nidaam wanaagsan loo soo abaabulay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii silsilad isku dhafan ee mid ka mid ah links mar dambe u gutaan shaqo, waxaa laga yaabaa in ay hayso jidhka oo dhan. dhaawaca maskaxda aad u daran in lagu lifaaqo Parkinson ee cudurka, stroke, Alzheimers Cudurka hogaanka khasaare degdegsiimada ee neurons. Tobaneeyo sano, saynisyahano ayaa isku dayaya in ay ka jawaabaan su'aasha ah ee sida unugyada dareenka inay cusboonaysiiyaan.

Maanta waxa la og yahay in qarniga neurons maskaxda dadka waaweyn mammalian la samayn karaa adeegsan jiridda unugyada qudhooda gaar ah (wax-u neuronal). Wakhtigan lagu ogaaday in unugyada dareenka waxaa lagu soo kabsaday aagga subventricular, Hippocampus (gyrus dentate), iyo kiliyaha cerebellar. qaybta ugu dambaysa sida calaamad oo neurogenesis ugu daran. cerebellum waxaa ku lug leh helitaanka iyo dayactirka macluumaad ku saabsan xirfadaha iswada oo miyir. Tusaale ahaan, dhaqdhaqaaqa qoob ka razuchivaya, dadka si tartiib tartiib ah ma jireyso qabaa in iyaga oo ku saabsan, iyaga si toos ah u samaynta.

The saynisyahano ugu xiiso rumaysan cusboonaysiinta ee neurons in gyrus dentate ah. In deegaanka this, waxaa jira dhalashada dareenka, kaydinta iyo processing macluumaadka da'ayeen. Seynisyahanno aan weli u suurtagashay in ay soo afjarto in la fahmo sida ay neurons dhowaan la sameeyey waxay saamayn xusuus hore u sameeyey, iyo sidee ay la dhexgalo neurons baaluq ee gobolka maskaxda this.

Seynisyahanno la soco in unugyada dareenka waa la soo celiyay meelaha, kuwaas oo ay mas'uul ka yihiin si toos ah ay u noolaadaan in diyaarada jirka: orientation in meel bannaan, urta, formation of xasuusta motor. Formation of fikirka aan la taaban karin tagaa firfircoon da 'yar, inta lagu guda jiro koritaanka maskaxda. In neurogenesis uu la xidhiidho goobaha oo dhan. Markay horumarinta qaangaarnimada hawlaha garashada waxaa lagu fuliyaa by sixitaanka ee xiriirada ka dhexeeya neurons, laakiin ma ay sabab u formation of unugyada cusub.

Waa in la ogaadaa in saynisyahano sii wadaan in ay raadiso Axdigu hore oo aan la garaneyn ee neurogenesis, inkastoo garoomo dhowr ah isku day lagu guulaysan. jihada waxa uu ku tacaluqa ma aha oo kaliya sayniska aasaasiga ah, laakiin cilmi baaris ayaa sidoo kale codsatay.