Terephthalic acid: kiimikaad, diyaarinta iyo codsiga

wakiilada Muhiim ah xeryahooda leedahay beduliyum polycarboxylic waa taagayo acid phthalic wakiil isomers qaarkood - ortho-isomer (si toos ah, phthalic acid), Meta-isomer (isophthalic acid) iyo para-isomer (terephthalic). All of this group of walxaha aad u ballaaran loo isticmaalo beeraha warshadaha kala duwan.

Terephthalic acid - saafi ah budada crystalline midab helay fal-celin lagu qayilo wajiga dareere ah ee paraxylene iyadoo ay wada joogaan ee cusbada Cobalt saadaalineysa Xoojiya. The dhexgalka oo ah walaxda la noocyo kala duwan oo alcohols keenaysaa in formation of kiimikada biirey kooxda Ester ah. Codsiga ugu weyn ee la taaban karo waa terephthalate dimethyl.

Terephthalic acid sidoo kale waa lagu dabaqi karo ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee terephthalate polyetylen (PET) - polymer hufan kulaylka u adkaysta helay fal-celin polycondensation walax la-tones ethylene. Markaasuu ka soo saaro dhalooyinka caagga ah, fiiloyin caag terilenovoy Group, si fiican u yaqaan magaca "Polyester" ah, iyo sidoo kale noocyo kala duwan oo weelasha Baakadaha for warshadaha cuntada, qaybaha elektaroonik ah iyo noocyada kala duwan ee qalabka.

Sida laga soo xigtay guryaha ay kiimiko la mid ah terephthalic xarunta monocarboxylic acid. Waxay on kululaynta ama sarkhaansan yihiin, ee loo yaqaan walxaha dehydrating dhaba foomamka cusbada, esters, adag dhismeedka kelli, anhydrides, amides, sida kooxaha hal ama laba carboxyl. Terephthalic acid sidoo kale galaa reaction esterification ah, iyadoo ay sabab u taasoo u fududaynaya mancaha iyo diesters loo sameeyay. Marka kululaynta oo ka mid ah wax crystalline in heerkulka a aan ka yarayn laba boqol darajo arkay decarboxylation in la siiyo xeryahooda ku jiraan tiro yar oo ah kooxaha carboxyl. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, falcelinta ee giraanta barkinta bedelay ka electrophilic bilaabaan in ay ku talaabsato dhib weyn.

Phthalic acid si dabiici ah laga helo Midabka cagaarka ah ee dhirta iyo qeybiyo abuur calaamada. Of taagayo ay tahay ether xeryahooda dibutyl iyo dimethyl phthalate ugu muhiimsan, kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo sida plasticizers alaabta cellulose, polymers vinylalkohol iyo masaxado. Sidoo kale, dimethyl, preservative iyo phthalate dibutyl yihiin qaybaha muhiimka ah ee Dawooyinka kala duwan.

Isophthalic acid waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalaa in soo saaridda ee roodhida Beeyada caag. Tan iyo isophthalates waa plasticizers fiican. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, codsi ugu weyn ee group benzenepolycarboxylic xeryahooda leedahay acid weli terephthalic, kaasoo loo isticmaalo ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee walxaha muhiim u ah warshadaha ee sida terephthalate polyetylen iyo terephthalate dimethyl. Waxay waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saaridda ee suunka hababka kala duwan, xadhko, suumanka conveyor, oo shabagyadoodii kalluumaysiga, shiraac, isdabamarinta, trawls, shidaal iyo tuunbooyinka nefteustoychivyh, qaybood ah "Hillaac", xadhig ah dadka caadaystay tennis, iyo wax ka badan. Waxaa intaa dheer, duntii dhar siman, taas oo wax soo saarka oo ah walaxda loo isticmaalo, maaliyadaha soo saaray, kala duwan ee unugyada (crepe, Tweed, Satin, iwm), waxyaabaha daahyada, raincoat, qalabka dallada iyo dhar, funaanado, sharabaadada, dharka carruurta iwm

Gebogebadii, waxa loo sheegayaa, in dhammaan taxanaha benzenepolycarboxylic acid yihiin walxaha aad u dagaal badan oo sun ah. Sidaa darteed, waxaa had iyo jeer ku lifaaqan ee Sheet Data Safety Waxyaabaha, kaas oo lagu liis garaynayo dhamaan sifooyinka iyo sifooyinka of xarunta, iyo sidoo kale nidaamka iyo xeerarka la shaqaynayay iyaga.