Sidee si loo ogaado resistors xoogga. resistors Power oo xidhiidh la midka ah

qalabka elektarooniga ah oo dhan ka kooban resistors, waa element ugu weyn. waxaa la, beddelo xaddiga hadda ee circuit korontada. article waxay soo bandhigaysaa sifooyinka resistors, oo iyagu xooggooda habab xisaabinta.

ballan resistor

Si ay ula qabsadaan ku resistors hadda waxaa loo isticmaalaa in wareeggeedii korontada. hantida Tani waxaa lagu qeexay sharciga Ohm ee:

I = U / R (1)

From formula (1) in si cad loo arki karaa in ay iska caabin yar, aad u sii kordhay hadda, iyo bedelkeeda, ee R yar, hadda ka weyn. Waa hanti this iska caabin korontada loo isticmaalo in injineernimada korontada. On ku salaysan formula this yihiin circuit qaybiye hadda si caadi ah loo isticmaalo qalabka korontada.

In circuit this hadda ka soo isha waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba dhigmayn in ay resistances of resistors.

Sidoo kale resistors qabsado hadda loo isticmaalaa in qaybiye danab ku. Xaaladdan oo kale, mar la isticmaalayo sharciga Ohm ee, laakiin qaab wax yar oo kala duwan:

U = waan ∙ R (2)

Laga soo bilaabo caanaha (2) in kordhisaa la sii kordhaya danab iska caabin ah. hantida waxaa loo isticmaalaa in wareeggeedii dhiso qaybinaya danab.

Laga soo bilaabo jaantuska iyo Formula (2) waxaa cad in danab oo dhan resistors waxaa lagu qaybiyey saamiga resistances ah.

qorsheyaasha resistors Image

Sida laga soo xigtay resistors Heerka matalayo leydi leh dhinacyada 10 x 4 mm iyo muujinaysaa by resistors awood R. warqad on nidaamka inta badan waxay muujinaysaa. image ee tilmaamahan loo sameeyaa by kusiga toos ah ama midda uugu. Haddii xoogga 2 watts, magacaabista ah waxaa loo sameeyaa in tiro Roman. Tan waxaa badanaa la sameeyey resistors silig. Gobolada qaar ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan Maraykanka, calaamadaha kale waxaa loo isticmaalaa. Si loo fududeeyo dayactirka iyo nidaamka falanqaynta ayaana badi lagu sheegaa awood resistors, magacaabista ah kuwaas oo waxaa la sameeyaa iyadoo la raacayo GOST 2.728-74.

astaamaha farsamo ee qalabka

Sifada ugu weyn ee resistor ah - iska caabin R ugu magacaaban _n, kaas oo tilmaamay in jaantuska soo socda si ay u resistor iyo guryaha. unit ee cabbirka ee iska caabin ah - kilo th iyo ahee. resistors macmalay la iska caabin ka jajab boqolaal ohms iyo megohms. Waxaa jira wax badan oo ka mid ah technology-soo-saarka resistor, oo kulli way leeyihiin faa'iido iyo khasaare. Mabda ', waxaa jira technology jirin in uu oggolaan in si sax ah loo soo saaro resistor la qiimo ah iska caabin ah loo dejiyay.

A sifo labaad muhiim u tahay iska caabin kubad ka. Waxaa lagu qiyaasay in% ee R. ku kala duwan magacaaban Waxaa weecasho a impedance caadiga ah: ± 20, ± 10, ± 5, ± 2, ± 1%, iyo ilaa qiimaha ah ± 0.001%.

dabeecad kale oo muhiim ah waa resistors xoogga. Shaqada ay kululeeya oo maraayay hadda iyaga. Haddii dhereg awood ka badan qiimaha la ogolyahay, markaas qalabka ay ku guul daraysato.

Iyada oo resistors kululaynta bedelaan iska caabin ah, si qalabka hawlgala kala duwan heerkulka ballaaran, waxaa soo bandhigay kale sifo - Wehliyaha heerkulka iska caabin. Waxaa lagu qiyaasay in ppm / ° C, i.e. 10 ^-6 R _n / ° C (millionth qayb ka mid ah R _n waa 1 ° C).

xiriir Serial ee resistors

resistors waxaa lagu xidhi karaa saddex siyaabood oo kala duwan: serial, isku midka ah oo isku dhafan. Iyada oo la xidhiidha taxane hadda sidoo kale u eg resistors oo dhan.

Iyada oo la xidhiidha this hadda mar kasta soo wareegi jiray waa isku mid, waxaa lagu qeexi karaa sharciga Ohm ee. Bannaanka impedance kiiskan waa wadarta resistances:

R = 100 + 51 + 200 + 39 = 390 ohms;

I = U / R = 100/390 = 0.256 A.

hadda waxaan go'aan ka gaari kara resistors xoog ku lug taxanahan, waxa loo xisaabiyaa by formula ah:

P = waan ² ∙ R = 0,256 ² 390 ∙ = 25,55 watts.

Sidoo kale, awoodda haray waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa resistors ah:

P ₁ = Waxaan ₁ ² ∙ R ² = ^0,256 = ^13,11 ∙ 200 W,

P ₂ = waan ² ∙ R ₂ = 0.256 ² ∙ 100 W = 6,55;

₃ P = waan ² ∙ R ₃ = 0,256 ² ∙ 51 = 3.34 W;

P ₄ = waan ² ∙ R ₄ = 0.256 ∙ ² 39 = 2.55 watts.

Haddii aad ku dari resistors xoogga, waxaad ka heli P buuxa:

P = 13,11 + 6,55 + 3,34 + 2,55 = 25,55 watts.

xidhiidhka ka midka ah ee resistors

Bilowga xidhiidhka ka midka ah oo dhan resistors xiran Guntin isku wareeg, iyo darfihiisa - in kale. Marka xiran laamaha hadda oo mara qalab kasta. Inta ay hadda sida sharciga waafaqsan Ohm ee, waa dhigmayn in ay resistances iyo danab ee oo dhan resistors isku.

Ka hor inta aadan ka heli hadda, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u xisaabiso conductivity guud ee resistors oo caanaha si fiican u yaqaan:

1 / R = 1 / R ₁ + _1/2 + 1 R / R ₃ + 1 / R _{= 1/200 + 1 4/} 100 + 1/51 + 1/39 = 0.005 + 0,01 + 0.0196 + 0.0256 0.06024 = 1 / Ohm.

Resistance - bedelka ee conductivity:

R = 1 / 0,06024 = 16,6 ohms.

Isticmaalka sharciga Ohm ee, ka heli hadda ku dhex isha:

I = U / R = 100 ∙ 0,06024 = 6,024 A.

Ogaanshaha hadda xoogga isha ku xiran yihiin in isku midka ah in ay resistors ee caanaha,

P = waan ² ∙ R = 6,024 ² ∙ 16,6 = 602,3 Watt.

Sida uu qabo sharciga Ohm ee hadda ka dhex resistor loo xisaabiyo,

Waxaan ₁ = U / R ₁ = _100/200 = 0,5 A;

Waxaan ₂ = U / R ₂ = _100/100 = 1 A,

₃ Waxaan = U / R ₁ = _100/51 = _1,96 A;

Waxaan ₁ = U / R ₁ = _100/39 = _2,56 A.

Wax yar ka formula kala duwan xisaabi kartaa resistors awooda ee la xidhiidha isku midka ah:

P ₁ = U ² / R ^₁ = 100 _2/200 = 50 W,

P ₂ = U ² / R ^₂ = 100 ^_2/100 = 100 W,

P ₃ = U ² / R ^₃ = 100 _2/51 = _195,9 W;

₄ P = U ² / R ^₄ = 100 _2/39 = _256,4 watts.

Haddii dhammaan this dar ilaa, waxaad ka heli oo dhan resistors xoogga,

P = P ₁ + ₂ + P P ₃ + P _{= 50 + 100 4 + 195.9 +} 256.4 = 602.3 watts.

xarunta isku qasan

Scheme qasan resistors xarunta kooban la xidhiidha isku midka ah isku xig xiga oo isku mar. nidaamka Tani waa fududahay in la badalo, bedelida xidhiidhka ka midka ah ee resistor ah ee taxanahan. Si aad u bedeli this iska caabin ugu horeysay R ₂ iyo R ₆ ee R caadi ah _2.6, iyadoo la isticmaalayo formula hoos ku qoran:

R _2,6 = R ₂ ∙ R _6/2 + R R _6.

Sidoo kale bedelay laba resistors barbar R _4, R _5, R _{4.5 ah:}

R _4,5 = R ₄ ∙ R ₅ / R ₄ + R _5.

Natiijadu waxay tahay cusub, circuit fudud dheeraad ah. Labada qorsheyaasha ayaa hoos lagu muujiyey.

resistors Power ee xarunta Scheme qasan qeexay formula ah:

P = U ∙ I.

Si loo xisaabiyo formula this waa danab ugu horeysay ee guud ahaan resistor kasta oo baaxadda therethrough hadda. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa hab kale si loo ogaado resistors xoogga. Waayo, formula this waxaa loo isticmaalaa:

P = U ∙ aan = (I ∙ R) ∙ aan = waan ² ∙ R.

Haddii aad og tahay oo kaliya danab oo dhan resistor ah, ka dibna isticmaali formula ah oo kala duwan:

P = U ∙ aan = U ∙ (U / R) = U ² / R.

Dhammaan saddex qaaciidooyinka ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in ku dhaqanka.

beegyada xisaabinta circuit

beegyada uu circuit Xisaabinta waa in la helo hadda aan la aqoon oo voltages in dhamaan laamaha qaybaha Bannaanka. Iyadoo xogta this, inaan xisaabino xoogga resistor kasta waxaa ka mid ahaa in Bannaanka. habab fudud oo xisaab ayaa lagu kor ku qoran, ku dhaqanka xaaladda ay tahay mid ka adag.

In wareeggeedii dhabta xiriir caadi ah xiddiga resistors iyo Delta, kuwaas oo dhibaatooyin badan ee xisaabinta. Waayo, fududaynta wareeggeedii sida hababka Isbadal Star xagalka Waxaa la soo saaray, iyo qeybsanaan. Habkani waxaa lagu muujiyey jaantuska hoose:

Nidaamku wuxuu marka hore uu leeyahay ee ay ka kooban of star ah oo ku xiran in cutubyo ka 0-1-3. K Guntin 1 xiran yahay resistor a R1, si ay node 3 - R3, iyo Guntin 0 - R5. On wareeg labaad ku xiran qanjidhada ah 1-3-0 resistors saddexagalka. Si Guntin 1 xiran resistors ku R1-0 iyo R1-3, si Guntin 3 - R1-3 iyo R3-0, iyo in Guntin 0 - R3-0 iyo R1-0. Labadan qorsheyaasha si buuxda u dhigma.

Waayo, guurka ka circuit ugu horeeyay ee saddexagalka labaad waa resistors fakaray:

R1-0 = R1 + R5 + R1 ∙ R5 / R3;

R1-3 = R1 + R3 + R1 ∙ R3 / R5,

R3-0 = R3 + R5 + R3 ∙ R5 / R1.

transformations dheeraad ah ayaa hoos u dhigay xisaabinta resistors isku midka ah iyo taxanaha-xiran. Marka impedance ah Bannaanka waxaa laga helaa, ka helay by sharciga Ohm ee hadda ka dhex isha. sharcigan Isticmaalka, waa ay fududahay in la helo hadda ee laamaha oo dhan.

Sidee si loo ogaado xoogga resistor kadib markii ay heleen oo dhan hadda ah? Waayo, kanu Ujeedada, caanaha si fiican u yaqaan: P = waan ² ∙ R, codsanaya, heli awoodooda kasta oo ay iska caabin ah.

go'aan tijaabo ah oo ka mid ah sifooyinka of xubno circuit

loo baahan yahay si ay u ururiyaan nidaamka loo dejiyay ah qayb ka dhab ah go'aanka tijaabo ah oo ka mid ah sifooyinka doonayo ee canaasiirta. Ka dib markii in, iyadoo la kaashanayo qalabka korontada qabtaan oo dhan cabbirka loo baahan yahay. Habkani waa waqti iyo kharash badan. Horumarinta aaladaha korontada iyo elektarooniga ah loo isticmaalo lagtiisa Ujeedada this. iyaga waxaa la jiray waxaa la sameeyey oo dhan xisaabinta loo baahan yahay, iyo qaabeeyey hab dhaqanka xubno ka circuit xaaladaha kala duwan ee. Kaliya ka dib waxa uu noocooda ah qalab farsamo. Mid ka mid ah barnaamijyada caadiga ah waa jilidda awood of System Multisim 14,0 shirkadda qalabku Qaranka.

Sidee si loo ogaado resistors xoog leh barnaamijkan ah? Taas waxaa la samayn karaa laba siyood. Habka koowaad - waa inay ku qiyaasto hadda oo danab la voltmeter iyo ammeter. Ku dhufashada natiijada cabirka, awoodda loo baahan yahay waa la helay.

From circuit this go'aamiso awood iska caabin R3 ah:

P ₃ = U ∙ aan = 1,032 ∙ 0,02 = 0,02064 W = 20.6 mw.

Habka labaad - cabiraada si toos ah awood isticmaalaya mitirka xoogga.

From circuit waxa ay muujinaysaa in R3 iska caabin ah waa loo siman yahay si P awood ₃ = 20.8 MW. Meelaan The ay sabab u tahay qalad in habka ugu horeysay ka badan. Sidoo kale, awoodda oo ka mid ah xubno ka hartay waa go'an.