Sida loo doorto a camera semi-xirfadeed? dhinacyada muhiimka ah ee doorashada ee camera semi-xirfadeed

Photo - jimicsi aad u xiiso badan, waxa uu inaga caawinayaa in ay qabsadaan daqiiqado ugu xiisaha badan ee nolosha iyo muujiyaan sanamyadii niyadda iyo gobolka ee maskaxda. Waayo, sawir badan - waa xirfad, laakiin dadka kale - hiwaayad, laakiin ay dhacdo in kasta oo sawirka had iyo jeer waa mid ka mid ah noocyada farshaxanka. Oo haddii aad u badan ama ka yar dooran dhab ah la sawir digital ka qabtaan, ka dibna marka hore aad u baahan tahay in la sii wado in doorashada ee ku haboon ah camera this. Maxaa yeelay, kamaradaha xirfadeed waa qaali, iyo kuwa ka hawlgeli doonaan hiwaayadda qaadato sawir, si fudud uma baahna, waayo, sababtan aawadeed camera semi-xirfadeed ugu haboon. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma aha gaar ah, laakiin halkii ay caddayn iyo fikradda ballaadhan. Hadda waxaad ogaan waxa ay tahay iyo sida ay u dooran a semi-Camera.

The camera semi-xirfadeed waa ka "Saabuun" kala duwan?

Kooxdaan kamaradaha waxaa loogu talagalay dadka qaba fursad yar si ay u noqdaan "Saabuun" caadiga ah, laakiin kuwaas oo aan la isticmaali camera ah ujeedo ganacsi, taas oo ah in ay ka shaqeeyaan istuudiyaha dhexdiisa.

First of dhan, camera tani waxaa la kala duwanaayeen awood u leh inay gacanta qabsato dareen ISO ah, in uu yahay, heerka dareenka of furta, awoodaha gacanta ku iris iyo gaadhista, buuga diirada. Intaa waxaa dheer, kamaradaha, kuwaas oo la dhigay gacanta kartaa dheelitirka cad. Sida oo dhan kamaradaha semi-xirfadeed, ka duwan caadiga ah "Saabuun", waxaa suurtagal ah in la beddelo siku. Mid ka mid ah arrimo muhim in go'aansan camera inay doortaan semi a, a kala duwan ee lenses ee nooc kasta, oo soo saarta kaamirooyinka. On optics park sida ballaaran ee shirkadda gaar ah iyo sida optics this waa la heli karo si wax iibsadaa, waxayna ku xirnaan karaan doorashada ee camera.

Waa maxay ISO, xawaaraha shutter iyo aperture?

Haddii aad rabto in aad ku eryan sawir iyo weli ma soo gudboonaado fikradaha kuwan, ka dibna aad dhab ahaan u baahan tahay in aad ogaato waxa uu yahay. ISO - waa heerka dareenka of camera furta. The sare qiimaha, dareenka sare, laakiin qiimaha sare ee buuqa boodaya ah (hannaanka sawir Stock of pixels midab). Sidaa darteed waxaa wanaagsan haddii ay suuragal tahay in ay ka fogaadaan goobaha ISO mid aad u sareeya, iftiinka yar yahay, ugu celino iftiinka yar yahay by hagaagay gaadhista. Ka hor inta aanad dooran kamarad iyo semi-final ah in ay go'aan ka gaarto waxa aad ka iibsan doonaa model this, intii suurtogal ah ka eeg sawirada la model camera la goobaha ISO sare, halka qiimeynta heerka qaylada sawirka.

Gaadhista - cadadka waqtiga lagu jiro taas oo tubada u dhexeeya gashto oo furta camera la furay. bareeg waqtiga Tani waxay noqon kartaa ka yar jajab of labaad ah in ay dhowr ilbiriqsi. Cry qaddarka iftiinka ku xiran tahay, kaas oo yeelan doonaan waqti in ay helaan si ay u furta. Laakiin gaadhista aad u dheer waxay keeni kartaa sawirada cawlan, si ay looga hor, waa la jecel yahay in la isticmaalo Maala-a.

Aperture - qalab in la gashto ka kooban Tent. Waa awoodo in la furo iyo dibba qarin. Marka aperture ee maxalka furta oo uu helo qoraxda ka badan, si aad u samatabbixin karo xawaare shutter dhakhso. Sidoo kale sida ay u furan diaphragm ku xiran tahay si qoto dheer oo duurka (DOF). Haddii diaphragm waa furan yihiin, si qoto dheer ee beerta noqon doonaa yar haddii daboolay - dheeraad ah.

Features DSLR

Waxa loogu yeero "reflex" - camera ah, qalab muraayad oo waxaa loo isticmaalaa, in magaca uu tusinayaa. Waxay ku taalaa hore ee maxalka furta oo xagal shan iyo afartan digrii oo u adeegta si ay u la isugeeyey image ka siku si toos ah viewfinder ah, taas oo aad eegto. image Tan waxaa loo rogay, sidaas oo kale waxaa jira pentaprism, oo dumiso image ka SLR design muraayada ka muuqan.

Waxa kale oo jira ah "LayvVyu" kamaradaha SLR mode, kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya in aad soo bandhigaan image ah shaashadda yar camera ee. Haddii aadan ku talo si aad u isticmaasho viewfinder ee indhaha, sababta oo ah waxa aad jeceshahay in si sawirro loo qaado, oo diiradda saaraya shaashadda, muraayad ee camera ma noqon doonto mid aad u qabtaan hawlo kasta.

wax soo saarka ee kamaradaha sida ku hawlan yihiin in shirkadaha badan, ugu caansan iyaga ka mid ah - waa "Canon" iyo "Nikon". Jawaabta su'aasha ku saabsan nooca camera reflex semi-gelis si ay u doortaan waxay ku xirnaan doontaa awoodaha maaliyadeed iyo dhadhankii iyo rabitaankayga. Marka aad dooranayso camera a haga sida raaxo leh isagu waa in uu gacanta, iyo ilaa uu jiro menu iyo button khariidad ku haboon, iyo D. sidaas on. Markaasaa, dabcan, tayada images. Waxaad samayn kartaa laba darbo imtixaanka ka kamaradaha kala duwan ee dukaanka, ka dibna eegto shaashadda weyn, taas oo ka wanaagsan. On bandhigay isku dhafan ee camera ah si ay u qiimeeyaan tayada sawirada waa kuwo ku adag.

kamaradaha System

System (ama, sida ay u yeedheen, mirrorless) kamaradaha - camera ah, taas oo ay jirto ma muraayad iyo pentaprism, sida, ma jiraan wax viewfinder indhaha. From fudud "kamaradaha biqil" waxaa kala duwanaayeen joogitaanka kamaradaha goobaha oo dhan buuggan, awood u leh inay beddesho siku, weyn xajmiga jirka ee maxalka furta. Waa tan waxay ku xiran tahay inta uu le'eg yahay iyo tayada sawirada. The Matrix weyn, ayaa in ka badan images tayo sare leh waxaad ka heli kartaa iftiinka yar yahay, ka yar wuxuu noqon doonaa qaylada isku. Sidaa darteed, xitaa haddii aad doorato "Saabuun" in meesha ugu horeysa waa in fiiro ma ay tirada megapixels, iyo xajmiga jirka ee maxalka furta ama factor dalagga. factor dalagga - qiimo taas oo muujinaysa sida baaxadda furta oo ka yar tahay size jir-buuxa ah (35h24 mm). Tusaale ahaan, factor dalagga of 2 macnaheedu waa in furta oo loo isticmaalo in camera ah, 2 jeer ka yar tirada guud ee size jir ah. Maalmahan, kamaradaha la furta jir buuxa waa dhif iyo waa xirfad, marka lagu daro, waxay yihiin, dabcan, waxaa ka mid ah qiimaha sare.

Nidaamka weli kamaradaha guud ahaan isticmaalaa furta 17,3h13 size mm a, i.e. inches 3x4. factor dalagga u dhigmaa labo. In ka yar caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo factor dalagga furta of 1.5, i.e. size la mid ah sida in kaamiro SLR ah. Kamaradaha matrices sida guud ahaan soo saaray "Sony" - waa mid ka mid ah soo saarayaasha ugu caansan ee kamaradaha mirrorless.

Waxaa kale oo soo saarayaasha ugu fiican u yaqaan kamaradaha mirrorless yihiin "Olympus" iyo "Panasonic".

guryaha

Sidaas sidii ay u dooran a camera semi-xirfadeed, oo aad rabto tayo wanaagsan, hubi inaad lacag bixisid si aad tayada mid ah waxyaabaha la caag ah oo jidhka ah dareenka. Sidoo kale, guryaha waxaa laga yaabaa in birta - waa kaba sii fiican. U hubso in aad ka hubi camera ee dukaanka aad u baahan tahay in ay wax miiran oo dhan badhamada si loo hubiyo in ay si fiican u shaqeeya oo aan dego.

Sidaas sidii ay u dooran a camera semi-xirfadeed - hawl masuul ka, waxaad ka heli kartaa dib u eegista user ku saabsan model gaar ah camera in aad xiiso (ka hor inta aadan iibsan).

Hubi camera furta ka hor inta iibsashada

Hadda aad ogtahay sida loo doorto a semi-camera, oo waxaad tegi kartaa dukaanka. Marka aad hore u dooratay model ah in aad rabto, si aad u hubiso tayada ay shirka, waa in ay qabtaan baaritaan kale oo yar - si uu u hubiyo joogitaanka camera shax jebiyey iyo pixels kulul. Jebiyey - kuwa pixels in ay yihiin oonay iyo Ha ficiltamin oo ay iftiinka, waa hal dhibic oo cad. pixels haleysan sidoo kale, kuwaas oo had iyo jeer waa midabka gaar ah - Hot.

Si ay u tijaabiso baahida loo qabo in dami flash ah, la xiro gashto camera oo ay ka dhigi laba darbo at exposures kala duwan. Inta lagu guda jiro nidaamka this, goob ugu hooseeya ISO waa in la dhigay, xallinta image iyo shaqada ugu sanqadh-kansali uu dansan yahay. Hadda waxaan u baahan tahay si aad u aragto sawiradan shaashadda weyn.

Haddii ay jiraan photos marka la eego leh midabyo kala duwan - furta guurka, sida ay ku pixels aad u kulul oo dhintay. Waxay joogo oo dhan u noqon doonaa, iyada oo aan marka laga reebo, images qabsadeen by this camera, gaar ahaan xun haddii ay ku jiraan xarunta. Haddii sawirka gebi ahaanba madow, aad si nabad ah qaadan kartaa tusaale ahaan this.