Rinjiyeynta The "The hayntooda Guurka" Pukirev: taariikhda iyo description

qarnigii XIX ee Russia ay astaan u ah ee wax-u aroosadda-Yarad. Qoysaska dakhliga celcelis ahaan waqti ka waqti ay dareemaan baahida loo qabo, lacagta ma aha had iyo jeer ku filan xataa maarmaanka u dhashay. Caruurta ku barbaareysa wakhtigaas, heerka korodhka ah, iyo miisaaniyadda qoyska ma u hoggaansamaan. qoysaska ugu adkaa ee ku noolaa, halkaas oo waxaa jiray in ka badan hal gabadh, tan iyo gabar kasta oo doonayay in ay si fiican u labistaan, iyo qiimuhu qaali.

Against asalka nolosha ka mid ah cudurka kacay dhibaatooyinka qoyska iyo, in dhamaadka, waalidiinta bilaabay inuu doondoono hab ka mid ah xaaladda this. quruxda siddeed iyo toban-sano gabadhiisa, sida caadiga ah, waxaa ku hareereysan taageerayaasha kuwaas oo diyaar u ah inay is ogow waxa of iyo xitaa aad u guursato. Waxay ahaayeen inta badan dandies dhalinyarada xogta wanaagsan dibadda, laakiin ma aha dhaqaale. Waalidkeedii waa isku dayeen in ay ka heli iyada meydhaa doonee, iyo aroosadda nafteeda ogaa in ninkeeda waa gaba looma baahna. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqtiga maray si deg deg ah, gabdhaha badan ee Guur heli waayeen farxad iyo hadhay guursan. Kooxdii aan ku filnayn, kuwa laga yaabaa xisbiga gabadh hagaagsani, waxay ahaayeen yar waayo, waxaa iyaga u aafaysey ugaarsi dhab ah.

Daneysanayaan

Ha mar walba u leexo doonanayd nin aad u qurux badan oo xaqiijisatay dhallinyarada, inta badan niyad jab ka dhacay toddobaadyada ugu horeeya ee shukaansi. Ka dibna waxaan u tegey inuu safka hore ee aroosyada ka weyn classic, diyaar u ah inay keeni gamcihiisa dhallinyar oo bikrad ah unsophisticated. nin Old toddobaatan, waxba ceeb, wooed, xaajooday waalidiinta iyo bixiyeen idiina heer sare ah. Dabcan, quruxda yar yar ma aqbali karin horumarka sida nin jir gaadhay waynida gabow, laakiin waalidkeed yihiin in si dhaqso ah si aad u dalbato dharka arooska. Xaaladdan oo kale, hooyada ayaa u sheegay gabadheeda: "Ma dooneysaa inaad guursato, muddo ... Saas ma aha ee, waxaan u baahan nahay in ay ku noolaadaan." Taasi waxaa xigay habeen hurdo la'aan, ilmada girlish, qirasho, laakiin waalidka ahaayeen qirtay. Inta badan gabadha ay isku dayeen in ay naftooda dilaan, laakiin ma guursan lahaa nin Neceb jir.

rinjiyeynta The "The hayntooda Guurka": taariikhda

In 1863 at Moscow tahay tacliinta bandhig lagu soo bandhigay shuqulkii artist yar oo Vasiliya Pukireva, kaas oo abuuray kudhegaas ah. rinjiyeynta The "The hayntooda Guurka" waxaa ka go'an in ay mawduuca guurka khasabka ah ee bulshada Ruush waqtiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in dareenka dhaqan-nafsi ah, dhibaatada aan la arkin, uu ku xanuunsaday oo kaliya aroosadda, meydhaa dhibaataynta lagu Neceb yahay oo lahaa adkaysan. xiisaha Financial, waxay doonayaan waa in ay qaataan heshiis wanaagsan ee waalidiinta waxaa lagu qasbay inay isku tanaasulaan danaha gabadheeda u gaar ah. Author ee rinjiyeynta ah "The hayntooda Guurka" horjeestay commercialism bulshada Ruush. Guud waayeelka ah ayaa si dhow raadinaya naftooda aroosadda dhallinyarada isdifaaci waxay bilaabeen in mid ka mid ah in la siiyo ilaa uu guurka.

arooska

rinjiyeynta The "ku hayntooda Guurka The", sharaxaad ku saabsan, taas oo yaqaano jilayaasha si faahfaahsan, waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa goobta arooska ee Church Orthodox ah. meesha allabariga cibaadaysiga Twilight yar iftiinka kala firdheen soo socda ka furmo suuqa. Guud ahaan, sawirka "The hayntooda Guurka" siinaysaa aragtida ah ee rajo. In xarunta of aroos ah dadka da'da ah, dhar isku joog ah u qaali ah, oo leh qaab ah adaanaha, oo ay taageerayaan loo duubo dhagan. Head dirqi jirsado, soo galaysa collar sare, indhaha caajis eegno kibirsan hareeraha ku wareegsan, xabadka oo ifaysa billadda in Order ee qoorta. Abaalmarinta Kuwani si cad aan habboonayn arooska kaniisad. Ninkii duqa isku dayo in ay eegaan height uu aroosadda la darajo ah ee guud, laakiin waa loo naxo, in kastoo aan isku dayaan in ay sii ah oo bushintiisa sarena adag.

Way adag tahay in la fahmo cilmi nafsiga oo ka mid ah dagaalyahan waynida, maxaa yeelay, u badan tahay, oo waxay mar ahayd gabadhii uu doonayo in uu si fiican u guursadaan. isaga Behind nolol dheer, taas oo ay jirto ahaa wax badan oo wanaagsan sidii nin kasta. Halkee ma this qallafsanaaday, callousness wajahan abuurista dhallinyarada?

aroosadda

The qof ugu weyn waa sawirka - gabar yar - ku qoran by artist si taxadar leh. aroosadda - weli arrin ilmaha, iyadoo madaxa foororiyey, oo kali ah dib u celineyso ilmada maanta ugu qadhaadh ee nolosheeda. wajiga Gentle duniyooyinka Suul degay shumac murugo ku laaban gacanta carruurta, deyso wax on iyada dharka arooska ah. aroos lagu Neceb yahay mid aad u dhow, hortiisa ku silcayaa gabar naftiisa dareemayo. Her gacanta midig kor fidiyey oo wadaadka, oo ku saabsan in ay ku riday on farta khafiif ah gashiga arooska waa kan. Aroosadda la taag daran, oo iyana waxay ahayd in la taag daran uu qaddar u gaar ah. Waxayna xidhan dharka arooska ah, iyada qudheedana ku allabaryi jireen, waayo, waxyaalaha wanwanaagsan ee qoyskiisa, kuwaas oo hadda ku noolaan karaan in barwaaqo.

wadaadkii

Oo wadaadka sawirka gaysteen hunched lumay, sida haddii uu leeyahay si ay u qabtaan hawl mahad la'aan. Waxa uu u muuqdaa askance, qaab kacsan, adaanaha, oo huwiskiisii daabac khamiis, bristling. In gacantiisa bidix shaaca buugga kaniisadda, giraanta arooska midig waxaa demisay, oo wadaadku waa inuu diyaar u yahay inuu ku riday on farta aroosad ee. Waxaa laga yaabaa in, uu mar lahaa gabadh, taas oo qof isku dayay in uu nolosha jebin. Oo wadaadku waa qasnaa, laakiin waajib, inuu diyaar u yahay si ay u gutaan ilaa dhammaadka yahay.

Schafer iyo kuwo kale oo la joogo

rinjiyeynta The, marka lagu daro aroosadda oo aroos, muujinayaa dhowr characters. Behind dambe ee nin fiican aroosadda waa buttonhole a on lapel uu jubbadda, wuxuu ahaa humorless ah, xataa ka walwalsan tahay. dhacdooyinka aan dabiici ahayn in ay hoos u dedan oo kiniisadda fool, nin dhallinyaro ah cadaadiya. Meeshii isaga ku xigtayna taagan nin, sida muuqata, sidoo kale jalaq u siin waxa ka dhacaya. All characters kale waxaa lagu soo bandhigaa sawirka, waa saaxiibo isku dhow of aroos ah, ka mid ah kuwaas oo ah sarkaal, laqabin iyo dhowr qof oo rayid ah.

"Waayo," iyo "ka dhan ah"

A naqdiya farshaxanka si fiican u yaqaan, taariikhyahan tahay, Vladimir Vasilevich Stasov arkay daab Pukirev, ayaa yiri: "Ugu dambeyntii, waxaa jira shaqo ah oo ku saabsan mawduuca oo ah maalintii, laga soo moolkeeda aad nolosha casriga ahaa."

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu ra'yi aan la wadaago oo dhan. artist ka helay badan oo cadaawayaashiinna kuwaas oo bilaabay in ay isaga caayaan waxbarasho ma ku filan si qoto dheer ee mawduuca. Saxaafada ayaa la ruxruxo muran ku saabsan abuurka Pukirev Murankii ah. In dhamaadka uu qirtay in uu abuuray rinjiyeynta ah, Dhibka guusha. Caddayn goob ka baxo ka mid ah waxbva. rinjiyeynta Iduna Park, hannaankii farcan, sifooyinka nafsi saxar ah qof kasta - waxan oo dhan ayaa soo sara kiciyey qiimaha farshaxanka ee rinjiyeynta si height aan horay loo arag. In Russia, a artist cusub tayo - Vasily Pukirev ( "hayntooda Guurka"). Description of sawirka, ay falanqaynta, fikrad ah ee dhaleeceeya ku noo oggolaan in ay ku tirinnaa muuqaalka waqtigii of masterpiece ah. bulshada Ruush diyaar u ahayd inay ku xukumi guurka ay sino.

Guurka aan qummanaynu! Murug iyo silica, khasaare naf gabadhii jilicsan. Sidee badan oo heeso ka kooban oo ku saabsan qaddar ee Yarad, share qadhaadhka ah haweenka Ruush caadiga ah. Mowduucyada musiibo bixitaankii shuqullo kale ee fanka iyo suugaanta, sida play A. ku N. Ostrovskogo "Poor aroosadda" sawirka F. Zhuravlev "Ka hor taajkii", V. Makovsky shiraac "taajka." "Hayntooda Guurka", rinjiyaynta Pukirev, heysatay liiska. Sidaas darteed, ujeedada arooska of sahlanaato galay bandhiga iyo muuqaalka farshaxanka.

aqoonsi

rinjiyeynta The "The hayntooda Guurka" loo aqoonsaday masterpiece ah rinjiyeynta, iyada Vasiliya Pukireva abaal horyaalka of professor of rinjiyeynta. professor Academy ka dhigaysa qofka qoray sawirka wayn, laakiin waa maxay? Picture halkaas oo ma jiraan wax dab, dagaalka ma, ma taariikhda qadiimiga ah ama casriga ah ... oo dhan oo cusub, theme casriga faraxsanahay xoogga lacag iyo meel qoraaga, si cad u muujiyeen by tiradaasi oo ah nin dhallinyaro ah oo ka dambeeya aroosadda taagan. Laakiin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan in ka dib. Ka dib waxaa taas wada ogaaday Pukirev wadanka oo dhan. artist ayaa waxaa ku hawlan hawlaha baridda, si guul leh ayuu ka abuuray koox ka mid ah ragga dhallinyarada ah tayo leh isku dayeen in ay horumariyaan tayadooda dabiiciga ah ee gudbinta uu aqoon iyo waayo-aragnimo.

Qaar badan oo ka yaabay, kuwaas oo artist ka muujinayaa sawirka, in wararka xanta ah Moscow. Qaar ka mid ah la rumeysan yahay in ay ku saleysan dhagarta saaray masiibada ka mid ah nolosha rinjiile - uu aroosadda, waxay dhihi, uu la siiyey, nin hodan ah jirka. The eed malo this wax ma ahaa, laakiin version this aad ee jeclaa. Oo sida xanta dhiman adag, waxaa lagu soo hindiseen qof sheekada jacaylka xiliyo ee artist ee muddo dheer qabsadeen maskaxda Muscovites.

Sidee sameeyey sheekada

Dhab ahaantii rinjiyaynta "The hayntooda Guurka" ma lahayn sida asal ahaan ka taataabtay. Xaqiiqada ah in Vasiliya Pukireva ahaa saaxiib dhow, macallinka Rinjiyeynta ku rinjiile Peter Shmelkov. Waxa uu ku noolaa faqriga iyo, Sidaa darteed, waa si joogto ah in search of shaqada iyo mawduucyada for farshaxankiisa. Mararka qaarkood, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan si ay u helaan umeerin qaar ka mid ah guriga hodan. Qoqobada bulshada sare, Shmelkov si joogta ah u daawanayay gaashaanbuur guurka Odayaasha la aroosayo dhallinyarada. xitaa wuxuu u sameeyey taxane ah oo sawirro ku saabsan mowduuca, ayaa rajeynaya in mustaqbalka si ay u isticmaalaan marka qoraal sawirka.

amar kaniisadda

In 1861, bishii Febraayo, Synod Quduuska ah soo saaray amar ku xukumeen farqiga weyn ee da'da guurka, sababtoo ah muddo in guur kasta labaad la sameeyey oo ku saleysan danta qalab. Waxaa laga yaabaa in markaas Shmelkov iyo waxa uu soo jeediyay in saaxiibkiis ee mawduuca sawir. Pukirev noqday xiiso fikradda ah oo bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan. In mahadnaq, wuxuu rinji Shmelkova soo socda si ay nin ugu fiican. Oo doorka nin fiican, wuxuu iska taswiiran.

Waxa intaa dheer in Pukireva Vasiliya iyo saaxiibkiis Shmelkova, sawirka waxaa jira qof kale oo si fiican u yaqaan. Waxaa Grebenskaya, sayidkayga ramochnik. Markii uu arkay sawirka, Haddiiba waxaan ku soo baxay inay ka sameeyaan in ay jir ah, "taas oo weli dhicin." run ahaantii waxay u leexatay shaqo ka mid ah farshaxanka, qurxiyey dun wanaagsan fiican. Sidaas darteed, "hayntooda Guurka The" (sawirka Pukirev) helay meel istaahilo. Tan iyo markaas, Tretyakov Gallery amartay loox farshaxankiisa ururinta kaliya Grebenskaya.

The hawlaha farshaxanka

Isla mar, Vasily Pukirev si guul shaqeeyay decoration gudaha kaniisadda ee Trinity Quduuska ah, in uus. Waxay yihiin sagaal images halyeey la abuuray. Waxa intaa dheer in farshaxanka sacral, artist ee ku hawlan portraiture, abuuray sawirro taxane ah oo ka mid ah dadka caanka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, soddon Pukirev baray at School Moscow ee Rinjiyeynta iyo naqshad uun.

The burburkii iyo dhimasho ah abuuraha

Qoyska artist tayo leh oo aan ka helay, laakiin sida ay sheegayaan wararka qaar ka mid ah ay ku soo dalbatay Praskovya Matveyevna, naag naftiisa u qurux badan, mid ka mid ah kuwa ay wadaan isaga for in doorka aroosadda inta lagu jiro shaqada on rinjiyeynta ah "The hayntooda Guurka". Baaqa jacaylka ahaa jawaabin, oo artist ku noolaa nolol oo dhan ka laalaada. Tani waxay door weyn ka ciyaartay, ganacsiga si tartiib tartiib ah u galay burbur ku dhacay, ka farshaxankiisa cusub dooneynaa in aan loo isticmaalin. Pukirev bilaabay cabo dugsiga ku lahaa in uu ka tago. Dheeraad ah - dheeraad ah, artist lunsan oo guriga, iibin alaabtaada oo dhan, oo waxay bilaabeen in ay ku noolaadaan oo ku saabsan qoraaladan samafal. Friends badan ay caawiyin, laakiin ma aha waqti dheer sii socon karo. Oo June 1, 1890 Vasily Pukirev oo keliya ku dhintay da'da 58 sano. Wuxuu waxaa lagu aasay qabuuraha artist Vagankovsky ee Moscow.

"Hayntooda Guurka", rinjiyeynta by Pukirev, haatan waa in Tretyakov Gallery, oo ku yaalla cinwaanka: Moscow, Lavroushinsky Lane, 10. museum wuxuu furan yahay maalin walba laga bilaabo 10 ilaa 18 saacadood.

"Hayntooda Guurka", rinjiyeynta, qiimaha

Internetka waxaad ka heli kartaa oo dhan udaabacida ah farshaxankiisa. Xaaladdu waa mid ka duwan la koobi qoraaga of masterpieces, sameeyaa heer xirfad sare, unugyada shaqada sida. On meelaha gaar ah oo ku yaalla taranka iyo nuqul farshaxanka labadaba. Visitors inta badan weydii su'aasha ah, kuwaas oo rinji "The hayntooda Guurka"? Dabcan, qof walba ayaa doonaya inuu ka badan oo ku saabsan shiraac ah halyeeyga og.

Dukaanka online bixisaa qoraaga nuqul ka mid ah masterpiece ah. , Rinjiyeynta The "The hayntooda Guurka" sawir posted on dhowaad dhammaan portals, websites iyo forums la xiriira rinjiyeynta, iibin 28 000-42 000.

sawiro la mid ah

Waxa intaa dheer in masterpiece Vasiliya Pukireva, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah farshaxankiisa on theme of guurka aan qummanaynu. Artist berooshkuna Zhuravlev qoray sanadkii 1874kii iyagoo rinjiyeynta, taas oo sii theme ee hoos u dhaca akhlaaqda bulshada Ruush. Qolka on aroosadda dabaqa oohinta, mar hore ku labisan dharka arooska ah, ee soo socda taagan aabbe adag. Masiirka ee gabadha la Cadaabo, dhowr daqiiqo ka dib waxa la qaadi doonaa si kaniisadda iyo waxaa lagu siin doonaa in guurka in nin hodan ah oo fool xun jir. Sawirka waxaa la yiraahdaa "ka hor arooska", waa in Tretyakov Gallery ah.

In 1894 artist St. Petersburg ee Vladimir Makovsky rinji "taajkii", sidoo kale waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa theme of nabaad-samida bulshada ee Russia in bartamihii qarnigii 19aad. On shiraac ah u muujinaysa kuwo qurux nadiifsan Ruush, walbahaar-ku dhufatay, faqiirsan rajo ka mid ah nolol farxad. rinjiyeynta waa in Museum Art Samara ah.