Quwadda Nuclearka Ruush

waayo-aragnimo ee la soo dhaafay muujinaysaa in in la beddelo qaar ka mid ah ilaha kale ee tamarta looga baahan yahay oo ku saabsan a qarnigii. Sidaas daraaddeed, geedka waxaa lagu bedelay la dhuxusha, dhuxusha - saliid, saliidda - gaaska, iyo awoodda nuclear ayaa u yimid inuu beddelo shidaalka kiimikada. barta laga bilaabo taariikhda of hanashada nooca ugu dambeeyay ee tamarta la oran karo waa sida 1939, Markay fureen fission ee uranium. Waxay ahayd markaa in I. V. Kurchatovym xaq ku baahida loo qabo in la sameeyo cilmi baaris la xiriira tamarta nukliyeerka.

Ka dib markii toddoba sannadood mothers SMAI dhisay oo bilaabay ugu horeeyay ee nuclear-nuclear weli tijaabo ah. Bilaabay in ay horumarinta warshadaha macdanta uranium, ujeedada taas oo ahayd wax soo saarka ee plutonium-239 iyo uranium-235 (shidaalka nuclear, taasoo u baahan tahay dhirta nukliyeerka).

In 1954 wuxuu bilaabay a dhirta nukliyeerka ee Obninsk. Xaqiiqada ah in sida dhirta nukliyeerka, dunida abid loo yaqaan.

Saddex sano ka dib, waxaa la bilaabay on qalada bi'iyo halyeeyga "Lenin", kaas oo noqday markab horeysay nuclear ee adduunka ee.

Waxay qaadatay kaliya toban sano iyo badh ah horumarka baaxadda leh ee nukliyeerka ah. Haddaba dhirta nukliyeerka dhisay adduunka oo dhan.

Energy - engine ah, madaxa rukunka. Ku dhowaad dhammaan by faa'iidooyinka ilbaxnimada, laga bilaabo dugsiga hoose si ay u nooc nalka, cilmi-bannaan, waxay u baahan yihiin xaddi gaar ah oo tamar. Iyo sahayda tamarta ugu cheap maanta waa u xoogga nukliyeerka. tamarta la eb ayaa ugu danbeyn u isticmaali gabi ahaanba qeybaha kala duwan ee dhaqaalaha casriga ah. Waxa loo isticmaalaa in bayoolaji, daawo, beeraha, wax soo saarka qodniinka-, injineernimada farsamada, iyo wixii la mid ah.

Shiidaa oo dhan dhirta nukliyeerka Russia dhisay meelaha dadku ku badan yihiin. In hawlgalka Quwadda hadda waa 10 (unit xoogga 32, qorshaha - dhismaha 26 tigoodu kale, labada - sabayn). In zone 30-ka kilomitir ah ee, ku xiga in ay, waxay hoy u tahay Man qiyaas ahaan 5 milyan..

xoogga faa'iidooyinka kama taagna ee Quwadda Nuclearka waa weyn yahay, laakiin aan la iska indho tiri karin oo minuses.

Si aad shaqo u baahan tahay abuurista berkadood hydropower weyn in daadadku wadooyin badan oo dhul beerashada bangiyada webiga. biyo fadhiya lumiyo tayo leh, sii dartay, markeeda, dhibaatooyinka kale ee la xiriira biyaha, kalluumaysiga, warshadaha firaaqada. Laakiin wax ugu weyn ee halkan ka dib markii dhan - dhibaatooyinka deegaanka. xarumaha tamarta kaamerada waxaa si tartiib ah ku baabbi'iyo deegaanka dabiiciga ah dhulka ee, biosphere ah. Darradaas howlgal dhib-free of NPP meesha ka saaro noocyada kala duwan ee wasakhaysan. Laakiin bartey dib on kulaylka qaban, waxa ay sidoo kale nooc ka mid ah dikhawga. Adduunka oo dhan, dhisay in ka badan boqol dhirta nuclear awood, iyo 10% oo keliya ee awoodda nuclear - in Russia, ee warshad kasta - tigoodu dheeraad ah. Shayga ka shaqeeya tigoodu - Qashinka radioactive-waa khatar. Dabcan, xaddiga qashinka waa yar yahay, waxa lagu kaydiyaa "shaqaynayn" weel gaar ah, sida in ay u diidaya baxsiga. Markaasaa dalalkii oo qaar ka mid ah (Russia jiraan ..) Xitaa dib burburkii kuwan, laakiin khatarta weli, sidaas darteed - weli sabab walaac.

Tan iyo markii la bilaabay ee warshadda nukliyeerka ugu horeysay waxay ahaayeen kuwo ka badan boqol dhacdooyinka darnaanta kala duwan. Inkasta oo ereyga "halista kala duwan" waa laga yaabaa in aan habboonayn, - cawaaqib karin waxay noqon kartaa wax kasta, xataa NPP ugu yar cillad ...