PT-76 taangiga amphibious: description, sifooyinka iyo xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Ka hor bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ee Midowga Soofiyeeti lahaa waayo-aragnimo weyn Abuuridda sabayn gawaarida gaashaaman. Sannaddii afartan-ugu horreeya ee Army Red ahaa raxan ugu weyn ee farsamo noocan oo kale ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta lagu jiro hawlgallada dagaalka tirada ugu badan ee dhacdo oo ay ciidamada cadowga ku baabbi'iyeen. Inta kale ee mishiinka si cad u ma waafaqsan yahay ujeedooyinka dowladda, waxaana laga yaabaa inaysan ku filneyn in lagu xoojiyo ciidanka. PT-76 muunad - taangiga sabayn, kaas oo ahaa in la sii daayo serial la waafajiyo sano ee post-dagaal. At salkeeda la sii daayay ka beddelka yar. Fiiriya astaamaha iyo muuqaalada amphibian ah.

History of abuurka

taangiga Amphibious PT-76 ayaa waxaa la qorsheeyay in ay qalabeeyaan heerkiisa madfac 76 mm. Waa in aysan noqon oo awood u qaado rasaas reserve adag oo ay awoodaan si ay u gudbiyaan hubkii labaatan hawada. Horumarinta ee xafiiska design technology cusub wareegay warshad Dhismaha maraakiibta ee Nizhny Novgorod ( "Red Sormovo").

Labada nin ayaa marka hore ee prototypes la sameeyey sanadkii 1948. Nasiib darro, model ah aan ku gudbin imtixaanka, ka dib markii taas horumarinta qaaday Institute of Gaadiidka Engineering ee St. Petersburg (Leningrad). Manufactures warshad gaadiidka Stalingrad hadda loo magacaabay. maamulka guud ee mashruuca fuliyay ZH. Ya Kotin.. Ugu hal mar, hoos hoggaanka abuuray madaafiic is-gano culus. In doorka naqshadeeye hogaanka sameeyey Shamshurin NF

Mashruucan cusub ayaa heshay index 740. By xagaaga ee 1950 la sii daayay noocooda ah. In tijaabo daran cusub dagaalka gaari ah ee madaxa uu ka sarre maray ay tartan (K-90 ka saarayaasha Moscow), si guul maray caqabado oo dhan. Bishii Agoosto 1951, shayga la odhan jiray "taangiga amphibious PT-76" oo la ansixiyay.

Tilmaamo design

Waxaa loo tixgeliyaa mashiinka military uu leeyahay qaabka a classical, waxaa loola jeedaa in ay fasalka sahlan. Gaashaaman Corps waxay leedahay saddex dhigan karo:

1. waaxda maamulka, galiyey qaansada.
2. Dagaal qol ku yaalla xarunta oo jidhka ah, qalabaysan qaabeynta ah munaaraddii toobinta.
3. pack Awoodda dambe ee guryaha. Waxaa jira engine naaftada ah iyo labo ka mid ah dayuuradaha biyaha (horeysay isticmaalay ku salaysan farsamada this).

wax soo saarka The serial gaariga waxaa mar hore bilaabay in 1951. saarka Mass sii waday ilaa 1967 la dhuumaha a total u soo degay oo ku saabsan afar kun oo nuqul. In 1967, qalabka la saaray ka adeega.

taangiga PT-76: Features

Kuwa soo socda waa qorshaha taatikada iyo farsamada:

• Product category - taangiga sabayn.
• Year - 1951.
• markabka The - saddex nin.
• Heshiiskaasi circuit - classic.
• Oo dhererkeeda / width / height - 6,91 / 3,18 / 2,19 m.
• hubkiisa dhumucdiisuna - 5 ilaa 13 mm, taas oo ku xidhan booska (sanka, dhinac, hoose, munaaraddii).
• Base - 4,08 mitir.
• Track - 2,74 mm.
• Lumen ee wadada - 37 cm.
• Nooca jaale - giringiriyey steel arkaayey ee xoogga sare.
• Hub ciidan - heerkiisa qoriga kufsan 76 mm darandoorriga SGMT 7,62 mm.
• kala duwan Shot - ilaa 12 km.
• ku qor hortooda - brand telescopic TSHK-66.
• warshad koronto - engine naaftada V-6 saara 240 hooras.
• index xawaaraha (ugu badnaan) - 44 km / h on dalka, 10.2 km / h - sabbaynaya.
• Miisaanka - 14 tons.
• Xabaal - 2.8 m.
• Ka saaciday inay cross dalka / sabbaynaya - 210/70 km.
• Hakinta - nooca torsion shaqsi.
• awood gaar ah - 17.1 litir. s / m.

Qalabka dhawrid iyo isgaarsiinta

Khafiifa sabayn FET-taangiga 76 qalabeysan yahay saddex qalabka periscopic oo waxaa lagu abaabulaa Taliyaha a munaarad qoqobada. Kulan ayaa la xidh dhajinta iyo gudbineynaa wanaagsan oo ganacsi halkii ay cidhiidhi ah.

Qalabka leeyihiin kororka isku caateeyo ayaa duurka of view iyo 7.5 darajo of bidhaamayaan. dhinac waa periscopes TNP la weyneeyey hal. Amraya meelaha arkaysid isticmaali kartaa qalab hal Rotary mid kaliya in la kordhiyo MK-4. Waxay ku taalaa hore ee dillaacaan ee munaaradda saqafkeedii ah.

The xaaladaha aan dagaalka, darawalka ay xusayaan dhul ka dhex dillaacaan furan. In xaaladaha dagaalka dib u eegis jira saddex nooc oo qalab badeecadda. Si loo xakameeyo mishiinka in shuruudaha aragti saboolka ah ama habeenkii la siiyaa a binocular habeennimo TVN-2B. Waxaa ka mid ah filter ah infrared, Walxaha electronic iyo optics. aragtida Distance ku saabsan yahay 60 mitir, kuna waari dhexdeeda xagal uu ka yar yahay 30 darajo.

PT-76 Haanta: sharaxaad ka mid ah engine iyo qalfoofka ah

By iyo unit xoog badan oo hoos tixgelin waa maaisaaniyadda motor taangiga amphibian T-34. Gudbinta waxaa sidoo kale laga soo amaahday model ah. xawaaraha Good iyo dhaqaajinta biyo wanaagsan on siiyaan dayuuradaha biyaha. Iyada oo walxahaasi amphibious taangiga PT-76 kartaa iyada oo aan wax dhibaato ah in ay ka gudbaan balliyada, baxda leh ay duurka.

Waxaa la xusay hooseeyo kabaha cadaadis gaar ah oo ku saabsan dhulka, damaanadna isgoyska mashiinka fudud si adag dhulal. dagaal Amphibious noqday more isafgaradka iyo fudud si ay u ilaaliyaan, iyo sidoo kale helay a absorbers lama filaan ah Haydarooliga in la macaamilaan shaqsi ganaax bar torsion. qanjidhada waxay bixiyaan fiicnaaday macaanaa farsamo oo kordhay ka saaciday inay xawaaraha. The sabayn PT-76 taangiga C 60 qalabaysnayn nidaamka iyo ilaalinta NBC dab-bakhtiiyeyaasha la automatic. Technology ayaa cadeeyay inuu yahay aad u fiican in ay socod kala duwan oo lagu qasbay ilaa 500 kilomitir.

beddelka

Ku saleysan tixgelinta mashiinka la sii daayay ka beddelka yar. Ka mid ah iyaga,

1. Habka qori 76 mm D-56TM la qolkii double jejebiyey xakame. Intaa waxaa dheer, iyadu kicker ah, radio gudaha, aragtida habeenkii, qalab protivodymovoe kaamerada. height ee guryaha la kordhay 13 milimitir. horumar Year - 1957.
2. taangiga casriyeeyey PT-76B la sii daayay sannadkii 1959. Waxaa ku qalabeysan yahay qalab biplanar D-56TS, ee xasilinta qalab STF-2p, rakibaadda hawo leh filtarrada. In version ah ka dib waxa lagu xiraa giropolukompas.
3. In 1967, taangiga la geliyo hoos tixgelinta heerka sarrifka qodobka darandoorriga, nidaamka xiriir P-123. Gaariga wuxuu ahaa in adeegga ee Corps Sirdoonka iyo Corps Marine ah.
4. Ku saleysan oo ka mid ah-PT 76 abuuray gaashaaman side shaqaalaha BTR-50 rido nidaamyada gantaal "Luna", nidaamka qaybta for UR-67 miino.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

The ugu horeysay ee halis ah kulanka military PT-76 ka dhacay March 69 ee sanadkan ee Fiyetnaam. Koox ka mid ah laba iyo toban baabuurta iyo gawaadhida gaashaaman weeraray saldhigga Maraykanka ee Ben Het inuu baabbi'iyo batari qoriga. Head of PT-76 ka dhacay anigaa ah, laakiin markabka ma aha out of Si iyo sii waday in ay ku eryaan. The baabuurta haray galay iska hor imaad ah la Batalyankii ah "Patton" iyo labo ka mid ah mashiinada isku gano lidka diyaaradaha. khasaaraha soo gaaray labada dhinac, laakiin weerarka ma sii wadi Ka Dib Guuldaradii laba taangiyada iyo mid gaashaaman side.

In guga ee sanadka 65aad, Hindiya u leexatay xagga USSR ee caawimo si ay u bixiyaan ilaalinta duulaankii macquulka ah ee Pakistan. lafdhabarka, Dufcaddii ugu horeysay ee Hindiya helay xagaaga 65 th. Total dalka wuxuu lahaa laba regiments ee mashiinada, kuwaas oo guud ahaan ku saabsan 90 nuqulo.

Bishii September 1965 Kooxda PT-76 oo qayb ka ah Toddobaad Ciidankii reer Pakistan ah mashiinka Indian qabtay weeraray tuulada. Sidaas darteed, cadowga ahaa awoodaan in ay tuntay, laga badiyay hal taangi uu gacantiisa ku. Inta lagu guda jiro colaad Hindiya laga badiyay oo ku saabsan Shirkadda PT-76, kuwaas oo qaarkood la qabsaday oo ay ciidamada Pakistan.

Ka qayb qaadashada colaadaha kale ciidamada

Waxaa ka mid ah dagaalo ugu caansan ee ku lug leh tixgelinta mishiinka waxaa soo socda isku dhacyada hubeysan:

• dagaal u dhexeeya India iyo Pakistan ee 1971. Afar iyo toban maalmood oo dagaal ah waxaa lagu halligay ama waxyeello 13 PT-76 taangiyada, iyo Pakistan ayaa laga badiyay oo dhan mashiino culus. Waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah tabarucaadka ugu weyn ee guusha.
• War of 1967 (Day Six) u dhaxeeya Masar iyo Israa'iil. Masriyiinta in Arsenal la baaro 29 baabuurta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay la isticmaalo ujeeddooyin kale. Sidaas darteed, laba cutub halaagnay 7 - tuuro. daydo Trophy izrailtsy uqaabaynta oo iyaga lagu rakibay hubka American.
• Kippur War yow ee 1973. Waxa ka soo qaybgalay PT-76 oo ku saabsan qayb ka mid ah Masar, iyo reer binu Israa'iil.
• Intaa waxaa dheer, gaariga ka qaybqaatay dagaalladii Yugoslav iyo iska hor imaad in Chechnya.

Dhamaadkii

Haddaba fudud taangiga amphibious PT-76 iyo BTR-50 - mid weyn iyo mid aan loo baahneyn "socota illalintanada". In USSR ay laga soo saaray adeeg ee 1967. Si kastaba ha ahaatee mashiinada culsu ayaa helay taageero ah ee Bariga Dhexe oo si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa. Waayo, wakhtigiisa, farsamadaa waxa cadeeyay inuu yahay mid aad loogu guulaystay, labada on dhulka iyo biyaha on.

taangiyada Light amphibious si firfircoon dhoofiyo dalalka Warsaw Heshiiska, iyo sidoo kale dalalka ugu pro-Soviet Afrika iyo koonfur-bari. baabuurta Trophy dalka Masar ayaa la casriyeeyey by injineerada Israel, iyo Shiinaha sii daayay ay analog u gaar ah oo hoos astaanta "Type-63".