Ostrovsky Tiyaatarka (Kostroma): taariikhda abuurka iyo waajihid

tiyaatarka Ostrovsky waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah da'da weyn ee Russia, kuwaas oo ka badbaaday oo si buuxda u shaqaynaysa maanta. Waxaa saaray shuqullada gudaha iyo midda dibadda classical.

asal The

State Tiyaatarka Ostrovsky albaabbadeedii oo dadweynaha la furay 1808. Markaas Kostroma ahayd magaalo hodan ah meeshaas oo baayacmushtariyadii noolaa. Xataa maantadan aad guryo jir ah in lagu sii raagayaan tan iyo kuwii ka heli kartaa. Waxay alaabtaadii kaga baayacmushtari maacuunta kala duwan, oo soo socda si firfircoon uga soo shaqeeyay barkers.

Wakhtigan, Waxaan ku dhashay Kostroma, qoys ahaayeen ganacsadeyaal qani Fedor Grigorevich Volkov. Later, wuxuu noqday aasaasihii tiyaatarka ee Russia. City helay farshaxanka cusub. In 1863, Moscow lahaa mid ka mid ah te'atradii ku-Konstantin more Sergeevich Stanislavsky. Oo dhexeeya, 1823, waxa uu ku dhashay Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ostrovsky, riwaayadaha, oo tusay nolosha dhabta ah baayacmushtariyaasha Ruush.

foomka New tahay jeclaa deegaanka kula baayacmushtari jirtay. Tan iyo baayacmushtariyaasha ma yihiin dadka saboolka ah, waxay taageeri karaan dadaallada of curiya dhalinyaro ah oo tayo leh, jilayaasha caawiyo. Astur bilaabay in uu abaabulo xitaa ka hor inta tiyaatarka Ostrovsky la furay. Kostroma noqday xarunta of farshaxanka. The qaab oo kuwii hore ka muujiyey inta lagu guda jiro soo dhaweynta ah ee gaarka loo leeyahay ee guriga ay deggan iyo cariishyada dalka. Waxay ciyaaray serfs. Waqti ka, waxay la bedelay jilayaasha xirfadeed.

protohistory

Kostroma Tiyaatarka Drama markii ugu horeysay lagu sheegay 1808. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay hore u jiray, laakiin ma jiraan wax macluumaad ah oo rasmi ah. Muuqaallo ciyaaray baxay gayiga isbitaalka casriga ah - saaxadda gaar ah waxaa halkaas ka dhisay. Markii hore waxaa ay muujiyeen ciyaar ah "Miller -. Sixirroow, khaa'in ah oo aan laqabin ee" In dhismaha this soo dhaweeyay martida ka tiyaatarka Imperial Moscow ayaa lagu qasbay in ay ka baxaan guryahooda ee 1812. Mid kasta oo lagu iibin doono waxqabadkooda si jiitay daawadayaasha iyo naftooda jilayaasha maxaliga ah ee taariikhda goobta Kostroma bilaabay wareega cusub. jilayaasha caanka ah ee waqtiga ahaayeen Kartsov, Anisimov, Chagin, Glebov, Sergeev, Obreskov.

hoy New waayo, macbudkii Melpomene

Si dhakhso ah, dhismaha yar yaraa, iyo masraxa ayaa lagu qasbay in la raadiyo marxalad size ku haboon. Waxa la ogaaday in hawdka Hoose. wadada Tani waxay caan ku tahay dhismaha tiyaatarka horta dhagax. Horaantii meeshan waxaa ku yaalla hargaha Syromyatnikova, oo ah ganacsade reer Guild labaad. Oo jilayaasha iyo dhagaystayaasha sidaas oo kale loo baayacmushtarigana noocan oo kale ah ee magaalada, in ay sinaba uma yaabay farshaxanka line ganaax iyo warshadaha. Laga soo bilaabo dhismaha si maalinta waxba this ayaa sii raagayaan. oo keliya qoraallada jeer ee la soo dhaafay oo leh sharaxaad ah ee goobta lagu tagay. Goob joogayaal ayaa sheegay in wadada u muuqday in in sida ugu dhakhsaha badan derbiga. Waxaan u lahaa in ay hoos tagaan, ka dibna si ay u tagaan qolka masraxa. Laakiin ay barxadda bixisaa view qurux badan ee Volga ah.

dhismaha Tani waxay siisay qaab Shchepkin, kuwaas oo door ka ciyaar ku Tortsov "Saboolnimada waa dembi lahayn." In hall waxaa ka joogay daawadayaasha Potekhin iyo Pisemsky. Iyo 1863 ahaa mid wanaagsan kaasi for tiyaatarka Kostroma ah. Taasi waa marka wadada Pavlovskaya u taagay dhismaha gaar ah waxaa loogu talagalay. isaga afgembiyey dayidiisii oo dhan. Waxay ahayd farshaxanka koraysa naqshadda ee Kostroma waqtiga. A guri hal dabaq ka sida macbudka ah ee Giriigga, iyadoo wax badan oo tiirar, dhayal semi-wareeg ah oo balbalada semi-rotunda.

Legend in tallaabo

Dadka deegaanka ayaa weli aaminsan yihiin in dhismahan ayaa haleel weerar ka sarraysa. Marka waxaa la kaliya laga bilaabo in la dhisay, lebenkii ugu qaaday ka keniisad hore ee ka jannayo, kaas oo gubay in yar ka hor. Oo kuwii ku dhisayna iibsadaan qalabka oo aan si gaar ah ka walwalsan Baxiira. In 1865 te'atradii ku gubay dhow dhulka ku. Waxaa la soo celiyey in laba sano.

update

Ku-simaha Hobollada qorteen iyadoo la kaashanayo ganacsatada xirfad leh. Waxay marar badan nasiyey oo sideeda oo dhan. Ilaa 1917, tiyaatarka ciyaaray Neverin, Zolotarev-Belsky, Ivanov, Chal-Kostroma. On garbaha ganacsi u tegey inuu soo qaado hawsha jilayaasha ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale si loo ogaado waajihid ah. In hal xilli ciyaareed masrixiyada la ciyaari karaan in ka badan oo ah qaab darsin. doorka Actorada bartay dhif ah ilaa iyo dhamaadka, inta badan la macmalay oo had iyo jeer filaya talooyin ka prompter ah, kuwaas oo in waab fadhiistay.

In 1898, Kostroma soo booqday goobta jilayaasha ah ee Tiyaatarka Maly ah, ka mid ah taas oo ahayd qoys Sadovsky caanka ah. Laga soo bilaabo 1899 ilaa 1900 ganacsadaha su'alaha auditorium cusub ayaa loo qoondeeyay meel dheeraad ah oo orchestra ah by yaraynta tirada sanduuqyada. Laakiin in 1900 uu hoos u gubay dhulka ku galo.

SOFHURA

In sano ee 1914-1915 masraxa ahaayeen Varlamov, Davydov ka St. Petersburg. From waxaa u yimid Aktarka bareejeeyo Dalsky. Wuxuu ku hadhay Kostroma ka 1915 si ay u 1917.

Tiyaatarka dhawaad halaagnay October ee kacaanka ee 1917 sano. In 1918, waxay soo geliyeen play ah by Gorky ee "moolkeeda Hoose ayaa" ka Moscow. tiyaatarka dhaqdhaqaaq kasta waxaa laga soo qoray ee laanta xisbiga City. Qayb ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu dhaqaaqay St. Petersburg, qaar ka mid ah joogay oo tusay riwaayadaha ugu wanaagsan ka mid ah liiska a yar oo uu ka soo xusho.

In 1923, hay'adda la siiyey magaca Abwaan weyn. Hadda waxa laga bilaabo waxa uu ahaa Drama Kostroma Tiyaatarka. Ostrovsky. Riwaayadaha, kaas oo la soo bandhigi kari waayay, daruuri waafaqsan madaxda xisbiga.

Markii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida bilaabay, Hobollada Qaranka ee ku bixiyeen gaar ah, la qorsheeyey in ay xirto tiyaatarka Ostrovsky. Kostroma waqti socday iyada oo masiibo dhab ah. Laakiin Actorada diiday. kormeerayaasha yimid ma filan si ay u arkaan "live" Masraxa Ostrovsky, qaab ay ku ogeysiisyada ah ayaa la soo ururiyay laga maqlayo. Ka dib markuu arkay qaab, waxay siiyeen Iftiin cagaar ah goobta Kostroma sii socod.

Laga soo bilaabo masraxa horteeda inuu galay koox gaar ah oo ka kooban shan iyo toban qof. Waxay ciyaaray askartii ciyaari Ostrovsky ee "True - wanaagsan, laakiin farxad waa ka wanaagsan".

In 1944, masraxa u dabaal-guuradii oo wuxuu siiyey xaaladda gobolka ah. Liibaan, in kasta oo ay dagaalka, waxaa jiray xaqse oo dhalaalaysa.

dagaalka ka dib,

Laga soo bilaabo 1957 ilaa 1958 dhismaha bilaabeen inay dib. Waxa uu qayb ahaan ku soo laabtay muuqaalka hore, iyo gudaha isbedelada by naqshadeeyaha ugu Joseph Sheftelevicha Sheveleva sameeyey.

In 1983, Tiyaatarka Drama u magacaabay ka dib markii Ostrovsky abaal sharafeedka Order of Banner Cas.

Sanadkii 1999, ayuu qoray xaaladda hay'adda dadweynaha.

Tiyaatarka Ostrovsky: waajihid

The salaysan ee goobaha Kostroma noqon gogo 'jecel ee la xidhey ugu Ostrovsky. Waxay la dhigay sida nolosha wax qora iyo ciyaaro ilaa maantadan la joogo. Sidoo kale ka mid ah qaab heer sare ah waxaad ka arki kartaa riwaayadaha ee William Shakespeare, Aleksandra Pushkina, Lva Tolstogo, Molière, George Bernard Shaw, Dzhona Patrika, Irzhi Gubacha, Alejandro Casona iyo kuwa kale. Wada jir ah ula shuqullada dheer-yaqaano ayaa la soo bandhigay iyo la qabsashada qoraaga of qorayaasha dhallinyarada.

Tiyaatarka Ostrovsky marar badan iigu yeedhi inaad booqato shirkadaha ka magaalooyinka kale. Jilayaasha caasimada badanaa keeno saarka asalka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, hay'ad yahay milkiilaha daraasiin billado kala duwan oo caalami ah oo heer qaran ah.

The gogo ugu caansan ee waajihid ah:

• "The Savage oo cajiib ah" - majaajilada ku salaysan sheeko ka Dzhona Patrika.
• "Waxaa iska hoogay ka Wit" Griboyedov.
• "Inkasta oo jirtay, wayna sakaraadaysay," Natalia Ptushkina.
• "Boris Godunov" by Pushkin.
• qabsashada Modern of play ah "Romeo iyo Juliet" by Shakespeare.
• "Biriqleh" Ostrovsky.