Oo soohdintii reer Asia iyo Europe: sheekada waxbarashada iyo dhinaca dhaqanka iyo taariikhiga ah

Su'aasha ah halkaas oo soohdinta reer Asia iyo Europe, saynisyahano xiiso qarniyo. Sababta tani ma aha oo kaliya warsiinta xog joogta ah oo ku saabsan flora, dubato iyo cilmi dhul ka mid ah qaaradda, laakiin sidoo kale arrin siyaasadeed iyo dhaqan-dhaqaale oo gaar ah.

doorka ugu muhiimsan ee fikirka ah "xadka of Asia iyo Europe," ciyaaro Mountains Ural ah, iyo sidoo kale shaqo ee qarniyo saynisyahano XVII-XVIII. Sida uu si fiican u yaqaan, hoos si sahaminta firfircoon dalalka bariga Ural tixgeliyo xuduud ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya Russia iyo Siberian Khanate. Xataa markaas, dadka deegaanka, iyo gumeystihii xusay farqiga weyn ee dhirta iyo ugaarta, kaas oo lagu arkay on dalcadaha kala duwan oo kala duwan oo buurta.

Soohdimaha Europe iyo Asia on map-ka dhexe ee XVIII ka diyaariyey France, hore u kala labadan qaybo ka mid ah dunida, inkastoo line qaybinaysa u dhexeeya labada xaaladaha ku filan oo aan wax badan juquraafi sida qof siyaasadda iyo dhaqanka. Dhab ahaantii, khuseeya ugu horeysay cilmiyeed ku saabsan mowduuca la oran karo waa shaqo ah oo cilmi Swedish Filippa Stralenberga, daabacay 1730kii. In khuseeya this ka badan labaatan pages ayaa loo soocay in ay xaqiiqda ah in ay tahay Mountains Ural ah oo waa meesha ay soohdinta reer Asia iyo Europe.

Daraasad Ku dhawaad mar shaqada Sweden ee Russia waxaa lagu daabacay VN Tatishchev, kuwaas oo muddo dheer ku hawlan abuurka dhirta macdanta, ayaa muujisay xiisaha weyn ee Tilmaanta juqraafiyeed ee gobolka Ural. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, waxa uu ahaa si ay u caddeeyaan Stralenberg in ay tahay aagga of Mountains Ural ah oo waa line qaybinaysa u dhexeeya Europe iyo Asia ay awood. Laga soo bilaabo tan bixinta shiidaa geliyey cadayn jeestay.

Oo soohdintu waxay u dhexeeya Europe iyo Asia on map waa qallooc aad u xiiso badan. Sidaas darteed, in ay ka qayb waqooyi ee lagu qaybsanyahay ah waxaa gabi ahaanba superimposed on soohdinta reer Republic of Komi, Yamal-Nenets iyo Khanty-Mansiysk Banaan Okrug. Tani waa caddaynta ku xaqiiqada ah in dhammaan webiga galbeed ee line this dhicin River Volga ah, iyo bari - in umuliya ah.

Markaas soohdinta reer Asia iyo Europe baaso u dhexeeya gobollada Sverdlovsk Perm iyo, cabaar galay ee la soo dhaafay ka dib markii tareen saldhigga "Asian". Ka dibna, qaybsanyahay yimaadaa si Birch Mountain, ka dibna u jeestay Yekaterinburg. On jidka hadda wuxuu leeyahay labo calaamad xusuus - jir ah iyo wadada cusub ee Moscow, taas oo calaamad u qaybsanyahay, laakiin midkoodna si sax ah ku taal soohdinta.

Sidaas daraaddeed, post hore waxa uu ku yaalaa koonfurta. Waxa ugu waa in dembiilayaasha, kuwaas oo ka eryay oo uu ka shaqeeyo Siberia, waxaa halkan ku dhaheysid Russia, oo wuxuu damcay inuu qaato la yaabtid ama dalkiisii hooyo ee. Waa meel loo arkaa qaybsanyahay ah oo isaga u soo booqday ee 1737, mustaqbalka Emperor Alexander II. Astaanta cusub ee loo dhigay sanadkii 2004 by "caasimada Urals ah", sidoo kale la kulmeen soohdinta juquraafi. Laakiin sababta ay tani tahay more dayri, meeshan waa sahlan marka la eego soo jiitay dalxiisayaal iyo horumarinta kaabayaasha jira oo dhan loo baahan yahay.