North America: ee gargaarka iyo qaababka ay

Dhul Macdanta North America - oo dhan bartay dugsiga maanta in casharo juqraafiga. Aqoonta arimahan waa lagama maarmaan ma ahan oo keliya, waayo, imtixaanka, laakiin sidoo kale u tahay horumarka guud. Ka dib oo dhan, mid kasta oo naga mid ah waa in la fahmo in uu yahay dusha sare ee caalamka ku nool nahay.

North America, gargaarka oo aynu ka wada hadli doonaan in this article eg nooca dissection toosan South America. suunka awood badan oo ka mid ah buuraha Cordillera kala xeebaha galbeedka in 7000 km. Advantageously, guriga waa qeybtii bari ee dhulweynaha. Waxaas oo dhan waxay soo jeedinaysaa in gargaarka ee Ameerika uu leeyahay xidhiidh xoog leh. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya qaaradood kuwan. Gaar ahaan, sida nidaamka buurta Cordillera waa badan guud iyo qaab-dhismeedka kakan badan geedka kokaha (sidoo kale loo yaqaan Andean Cordillera). Waxay ka kooban oo ka mid ah safafka nidaamka oo dhan, qaab-dhismeedka tectonic iyo dhulka kala duwan yihiin oo kala duwan.

zone bari

Si cad u kala duwanaayeen ku dhowaad dhammaan ka badan Cordillera 5 orotektonicheskih gaadhya zones. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah, bari - tiixtiix orogeny Laramide: Mount Mackenzie, Brooks Range, Ridge Eastern Sierra Madre, Rocky Mountains. Arintaan waxaa loo qaybin karaa sida ay ku dhegyadii of orography laba qaybood: woqooyi iyo koonfur. Dhexdoodana dibadda u taagan Banka Yellowstone. Foomamka toosnaanta saxda ah waa sifooyinka orographic dhalaalaya.

Front Range of Mountains Rocky ah

Front Range of Mountains Rocky ah (North America) ayaa gargaar ay soo socda: u kala dhowaad 2000 km in xariiq toosan, saamaynaya sii, daacadnimada iyo midayso oo ay qaab-dhismeedka dhulka. Ridge si cad loo qeexay, caleemo saaray danbow sare uga yaacday, height of taas oo uu gaaro 4000 m. Waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah soodagi bari si Babacyada Great ah. Range Front galbeed cilad tectonic in qayb ka mid ah waqooyiga. In dhexe ee buurta la dhimay. Wayna ka gudbeen Webi PIS, taas oo ah mid ka mid ah ilaha River Mackenzie ah. Range Front ee qaybta koonfureed ee ballaarinta. Waxaa la qaybsan safafka gaar ah, height of taas oo badan: Lewis, Caribou, Selkirk. In qayb ka this waxaa jira danbow ugu weyn Front Range. Robson waa buur (quruxsan 3954 m), iyo ilaa Buur Columbia (3747 m). Foomamka Alpine ee dhiismeedka North America caadiga ah ee Range Front ah. Waxa uu sidoo kale lagu gartaa glaciation Patriots oo la taaban karo.

Rocky Mountains ee qaybta koonfureed

Single Rockies xigtaa ma sameeyaan in qaybta koonfureed. Halkan waxay ka kooban yihiin Arrays shaqsi, mararka qaarkood go'doonsan iyo kala "beeraha" - weysada ballaaran, oo wakiil ka ah qaybaha a banka-sida in xirmaan balli weyn Great Babacyada. Part of tiixtiix (Sangre de Cristo, Wasatch) dhowaad fidiyey waqooyi ilaa koonfur. Kale (tus, Uinta Mountains) - jihada galbeed-bari dadab iyaga. height badan oo width of suunka buurtan waxaa magdhow la'aanta ah ee joogtada ah. oo soohdintu waxay u dhaxeeya Babacyada Great iyo Mountains Rocky waa mid aad u cad: derbiga uga yaacday - jiirada buuraha. qaybta Southern - kuwani waa buuraha epiplatform caadiga ah in la sameeyey ka dib markii ay hawshooda u ah ee darafka mid ka mid ah dhufto ee qadiimiga ah.

Belt plateaus gudaha iyo plateaus

Next - suunka plateaus gudaha iyo plateaus sameeyay nevadiyskuyu laabi waynaha ee North America. gargaarka ayaa waxa lagu gartaa qaababka nevadiyskimi duubnaadaan wakiil peniplenami. zone this waxaa jira taagga ah, kuwaas oo ay ku egtahay "jajabkii" ee madal qadiimiga North American iyo demisay Cordillera (Northern Mass, Oogada Colorado). Bannaankii ugu weyn intermountain Fraser, mile oo, Basin weyn, Colombia, Waqooyiga iyo Bartamaha Mass, Colorado.

Great Basin

Great Basin - taagga denudation, ugu weyn ee degaanka. Goobtani waxa ay, balladhkeedu yahay ilaa 800 km, guud ahaan, waa iskhilaafka ah oo xajmi oo fidsan oo buurta la badan yihiin a of hore. On 1500m celcelis kiciyey dusha taagga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbedbedelka weyn, Meelaha sarsarena. Oogada tiixtiix barbar midaysan yihiin meelaha dhaadheer ee ku saabsan 3 km (peak Wheeler - 3982 m). Niyadjabka Deep, loo yaqaan Bolson, jiifsan u dhaxeeya. Waxaa la semi-ku lifaaqan oo ku lifaaqan berkeddii weysada, taas oo meel ka mid ah dheecaan gudaha. Dhimashada Valley - mid ka mid ah (-85 m).

dushooda Relict waxaa badanaa laga helaa (oo ay ku jiraan loo yaqaano ee marno).

Colorado Oogada iyo Canyon Grand ah

Oogada Colorado - waa mid ka mid ah rukummada ugu gaarka ah ee dhulkeenna, oo loo yaqaan for North America. Its gargaarka waa mid aad u qurux badan. Sida laga soo xigtay in ay qaab-dhismeedka dhulka (board siman dhagaxyada ku aasan buurta loo igmaday ee da'doodu kala duwan tahay - ka qadiimiga ah si verhnepaleoziyskih jiifa dhulka hoostiisa crystalline) waa banka la mid ah madal North American. Its dusha - buur ah Caraabaah, taas oo gaadho height a of 3860 m.

Soo jiidashada ee banka waa Canyon Grand ah (North America). Muuqaalka guud ee dhulka iyo cimilada waxaa soo jiitay meeshan dalxiisayaal badan. Grand Canyon (hoos ku sawiran), waxaa la sameeyay ka River Colorado, dhexe ee ay koorsada. Waxaa gaaro qoto dheer ah 1800 m, width a of 8 ilaa 25 km ee banka iyo 1km heerka hoose. laylan ee yacday yihiin oo xiiso leh, dabeecad aan caadi ahayn ee waadi Grand ah. Waxay ka geeddi burburka erosive iyo cimilada baxday. salka crystalline of gundhig fuuli jiray channel cidhiidhi ah.

suunka buurta Inner

Aagga saddexaad - buurta hoose - suunka nevadiyskih u dhaxeysa: Coast Mountains, Alaska Range ah, Mountains Cascade ah, Nevada Sierra ah, iyo Transverse uurada Sierra Madre Occidental. Farqiga u dhexeeya qummanaanta tiixtiix kuwan. dhagaxyada Igneous intaba in ay qaab-dhismeedka. Cascade Mountains - batholith la yaqaano Kobenhagen, aaladaha afka waxa on. xigtaa ee Nevada Sierra ah waa batholith sinnayn crystal Rafaa la sloping laylan ee galbeedka iyo bariga uga yaacday.

suunka synclinoria

zone afraad waa synclinoria aagga. Tani waxay hoos u of aagga, kaas oo la asaasay Neogene ah. Qayb ka mid ah ayaa haatan wakiil talgaley kala duwan badda, cidhiidhi. On dalka waa dooxada of Death, Great Central Valley, qeybaha hoose ee River Colorado ee.

zone Fog West

Shan jeer - galbeed xad-dhaaf ah. Waa suun xeebta ah ee tiixtiix Alpine duubnaadaan sida Aleut (waxaa jira 25 marno firfircoon), Kenai Peninsula, Island Ridge in Victoria Fiinta (sare - 2200 m), Chugachsky Ridge Peninsula Victoria, Ranges Coast, Range Sierra Madre del Sur. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah waa dhexdhexaad-sare, laakiin danbow ugu caansan kor ku xusan 2 km.

Iyadoo ku xiran heerka uu gaarsiisan yahay glaciation, darnaanta goobaha gaadhya orographic, dissection tectonic iyo erosional, Cordillera wuxuu u qaybsan yahay 4 gobolka morphostructural: Cordillera of Mexico, ee United States Cordillera Cordillera Cordillera ee Kanada iyo Alaska.

qaybta bari ee qaarada

Maxaa a gargaarka in North America ee bari? Aynu u wajihi. Sidii aynu sheegnay, foomka muuqaalka guud ee dhulka ee North American yahay guud ahaan guri in qaybta bari ee qaarada. Asal ahaan waa falna sanyahay (Central, Laurentian) iyo bannaankii sare. Dooxada yihiin xeebta: Primeksikanskaya, gobolka Atlantic, Prigudzonskaya iyo Mississippi ee qeybaha hoose ee webiga isku.

suunka buurta Appalaachian

In North America, in la barbardhigo Koonfurta, suunka kale buurta kala xeebaha bari - Appalaachian. nidaamka buurtan safafka, ka Gacanka St. amro Lawrence. qiyaastii 33-32 ⁰ s. m., waa ku dhawaad 2,300 oo kiiloomitir. Jasiiradda Newfoundland waa link waqooyi. Appalaachian - waxaa epiplatform buuraha dhaadheer. Farqiga muhiimka ah ee u dhexeeya qaybaha koonfurta iyo waqooyiga ee kala duwan oo buurta sababay sifooyinka tectonic iyo qaab-dhismeedka dhulka. Graben Hudson waa soohdinta u dhexeeya waqooyiga iyo koonfurta Appalaachian ah. Northern Appalachians oo dhan - waa banka dhireedku. Waxaa Dadwaynaha safafka buur gaar ah ama safafka buur. Northern Appalaachian daboolaa glaciation ku Quaternary. Sidaa darteed, qaabka buuraha hadda - guri, kaliya danbow ugu sareeya circuses leh oo ay derbiyo uga yaacday.

Southern Appalachians

Iskhilaafka dooxooyinka isku midka dheer iyo tiixtiix ee kala duwan Southern Appalachians. Laga soo bilaabo bari iyo galbeed kordhiyo weheliyaan cagta ee banka. Waxaa Piedmont galbeed - bannaan guri ee denudation, taas oo la aasaasay by dhagaxyada crystalline Cambrian Hore. Laga soo bilaabo waxa ay ugu dhaceen gaartay silsilad galbeed oo safafka buurta, ku dhowaad si joogto ah (Kohut, Unakite, Black, qaaca, weyn, iyo buluug, iwm), Dhererka ah - 1-1.5 km. Tani "buurta jir ah" - diirkja cufan Caledonide, denudation u diyaar.

tiixtiix Belt iyo dooxooyinka

Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu cajiibsan ee Buuraha Appalaachian ku yaal galbeedka iyaga ka mid ah. Tani waxa loogu yeero Young Mountain, ama suunka of tiixtiix iyo dooxooyinka. Halkan waxaa ku qoran qaar ka mid ah muuqaalada oo xiiso leh gargaarka ee North America. dhagaxyadii ku aasan ee xilligii Paleozoic ka kooban yahay dhulka oo dhan: safafka - shales iyo sandstones dooxada - dolomites iyo limestones. Fidiyey bixisa boqollaal kiilomitir in koonfur-galbeed waqooyi-bari ee stretch line buuraha, dooxooyinka ballaaran beddelayaan guri-kaalinta ama shanlo leh tiixtiix cidhiidhi ah. At sare ah 500-600 mitir, hoose ee dooxooyinka. tiixtiix danbow gaaraan 1-1.2 km. Valley tectonically wakiil anticlinoria iyo tiixtiix waa synclinoria. Taasi waa, markan waa bayaan loo arkaa nooc jaanqaadayn of dhismeedka tectonic foomka casriga ah, taas oo uu leeyahay gargaar ah halkan North America. Photos of Appalachia waxaa hoos lagu soo bandhigay.

Tani waa tusaale ka mid ah wareegga, ama nooca inversion ee gargaarka. Waxaa laga helaa buuraha waa wax dhif ah, oo ugu dhalaalaya ee Appalachians ah. Noocan ah gargaarka qaab bilaabay in loogu yeedho "gargaarka Appalaachian." Belt "buurta dhalinyaro ah" ee galbeedka galisa Oogada Appalaachian ah (Cumberland, kadib Ciidan). Waa protrusion ah oo dhererkiisu yahay 300-400 m. Tani waa banka si weyn sare Piedmont. Its dusha ku laayeen bariga been at height ah oo ku saabsan 1.2 km, iyo galbeed - 500 m meelaha Oogada qoto dheer dissected dooxooyinka Wabiyaal kala duwan (guntooda waadi la dalcadaha cidhiidhi iyo yacday) ..

Waa hagaag, hadda in gargaarka ee North America waxaa si kooban dib loo eego in this article, waxaan rajeyneynaa waxaa fududaan doonta inuu isaga u soo bandhigayay.