Nevi Melanocytic, nevus papillomatous (sawir). Soohdinteeda nevus melanocytic - a ...

Ku dhawaad qof kasta on Earth in uu leeyahay ma midabka madow, waxaa jira ugu yaraan hal bar, dawada loo yaqaan ma aha oo kaliya sida nevus a melanocytic. Waxbaa aan caadi ahayn loogu talagalay af Ruush erayga "bar" waxaa laga soo amaahday Latin iyo waxay ka dhigan tahay oo dhan bar la mid ah ama taabo. In koorsada nolosha, sababo aan la garanayn, burooyin cusub halkaasoo ka hor waxaa jiray maqaarka cad, iyo jir ah meel baaba'aan. Dadka qaar waxa cabsi ku beeray, carqalad kale, gaar ahaan marka dhibco mugdi bilaabaan inay "qurxin" foodda, sanka, dhabannada. Isku day inaad si ay u fahmaan waxa ay yihiin jiirarka, ama, cilmi ahaan, nevi, waa maxay meesha ay yaalliin ay, iyo haddii aad bartey saamayn kartaa muuqaalka.

Waa maxay nevus ah

In maqaarka dadka iyo xayawaanka waxaa jira unugyo gaar ah - melanocytes, taas oo soo saari Midabka madow - melanin. In xayawaanka waxay saamayn ku color ay go'aamiso midabka ah ee indhaha. In aadanaha, melanin ayaa mas'uul ka ah xoogga u Sun, in la ilaaliyo ka UV iyo rays kale waxyeello ee jirka. Marka Midabka la isku qaybiyey unugyada maqaarka, waxa uu leeyahay midab ah midabka direyska. Haddii si lama filaan ah - sababo weli la garanayn, sayniska - in unugyada gaar ah u ururayaa xaddi dhaafka ah ee meelaha sida ka dhanka ah asalka ah ay bilaabaan in ay ka soo taagan, in uu yahay, waxaa jira taabo ama bar ama nevus pigmentosa ah. nevi Melanocytic - waa isku mid. micne kale oo ka mid ah fikradaha isku - melanoformny nevus ama nevokletochny. midabka ah ee qaababka kuwaas oo kala duwan madow si bunni, mararka qaarkood guduud. Haddii cas taabo (khamri) midabka, waxa la yidhaahdaa waa ololaya nevi oo la aasaasay by uruuray badan oo Midabka lahayn, iyo qalintaanka aad ugu dhow in ay dusha maqaarka yihiin. Tusaale ahaan: flammeus nevus on madaxa iyo foodda ay leedahay Gorbachev, madaxweynihii ugu danbeeyey ee Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Dadka qaar ayaa laga yaabaa in heerka la mid ah oo leh maqaarka, halka qaar kalena ay xoogaa dhaqmaan kor ku xusan ay nevus melanocytic dusha. photo kor ku xusan ayaa muujinaya in yar ridday a nevi midabka leh. In dhallaanka, Calaamadayn sida ay yihiin ku dhowaad aan arkay, inkastoo saynisyahano u muuqdaan in ay aaminsan yihiin in ay kaliya aad u yar in ay la arki karo waa. si cad u muujiyey waxay meel ee 9-10-sano jirka ah bilaabaan. Xaaladaha intooda badan, nevi midabka fudud yihiin si nabad ah u dhaqma oo isaguna uma uu dhibaatooyin kale oo badan cilladaha la isku qurxiyo kuwaas oo aan ku samatabbixiyo.

Noocyada Birthmarks

nevus Melanocytic maqaarka waa laba nooc:

1. Congenital

In size, formation Midabka kuwanu waa yar (ilaa 1.5 cm dhexroor), dhexdhexaad ah (ilaa 10 cm) oo weyn ama Rafaa (ka badan 10 cm). nevi Congenital of size kasta oo leh koritaanka ilmaha sidoo kale kordhin dhexroor. The ugu khatarta badan yihiin nevi celceliska, oo waaweyn iyo Rafaa, tan iyo markii ay inta badan goobood u galay melanoma malignant. Maxay yihiin sababaha ilmaha ku dhashtaan khubaro taabo waaweyn iyo Rafaa sheego adag. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoob, qiyaastii 5% ka mid ah ilmaha ku dhasha la nevus a Rafaa, waxaa jira horumarinta kansarka maqaarka ee sannadka ugu horeeya ee nolosha ama wax yar ka weyn. Sidaa darteed, waalidka ayaa ilmaha ku dhashay la birthmarks waaweyn waa in had iyo jeer la tasho dhakhtar takhasus u leh. Haddii nevi a Rafaa ku yaal wajiga, dhakhtarku waxa uu kugula talin karaa in bleaching laser, iyo haddii qaybo kale oo jidhka ka - Kabcada_. Habka ugu dambaysta waxaa kaloo lagula talinayaa haddii taabo weyn yahay dusha gudcur ah, iyo finan leh.

2. Acquired

Inta nolosha u muuqan kara dhibco midabka leh meel kasta oo jidhka ka mid ah, oo ay ku jiraan madax, xubnaha taranka, Timir, cagaha u. saynisyahano British ah ayaa lagu ogaaday in tiro badan oo ah jiirarka waa qiyaastii 2-laab yaraynaysaa halista ah ee osteoporosis oo si weyn u yareeyo muuqaalka kore ee qabsatay, iyo xumaanshaha ee nevus in melanoma malignant ah ayaa lagu arkay qiyaastii 16% dadka qaba calaamadaha midabka.

Sababaha jiirarka

Seynisyahanno kiis gaar ah ma dhihi karo sababta uu qofka uu leeyahay nevus a melanocytic. Laakiin waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah sababaha caadiga ah ee midabka.

Tusaale ahaan, ee lagu dhasho nevi dhici kara haddii socda ka dhacay inta ay uurka leedahay:

1. cudurka intrauterine (herpes, toxoplasmosis, pox, iyo kuwo kale).

2. Ogolaanshaha ee uurka, daawooyinka qaarkood.

3. qaadashada kordhiyo of vitamin A.

4. khamriga Cabidda.

5. mellitus Diabetes ee uurka.

6. La'aanta xubno ka raad.

7. Hidduhu. Inta badan horay daray in DNA in nevi melanocytic muuqan at ilmaha on jidhka ku meel gaar ah. Oo marar badan birthmarks dhaxlo waa inay isku ilmaha iyo hooyadiis, ama aad u dhow in.

nevi helay dhici kara sababahan soo socda:

1. qaadasho badan oo shucaaca. Tan aan joogto ahayn oo xad-dhaaf ah ka cadhaysiinina solarium entrainment kordhay pigments melanin, taas oo horseedaysa formation of jiirarka.

2. Isbeddellada heerarka hormone. Tan waxaa ku jira xaalad kasta (cudur, uurka, baaluq, dayska, stress, iyo wixii la mid ah), taas oo ay jiraan khalkhal hormoon. Waxay, ee jeedo, keeni midabka maqaarka oo dheeraad ah, inkastoo mararka qaar, on lid ku ah, waxay keeni kartaa lumis ah ee jiirarka jira.

3. Shucaaca.

4. X-ray.

5. Dhaawacyada maqaarka. Waxay keeni kartaa dhaqdhaqaaqa melanocytes u dhaw in ay dusha sare ee maqaarka, in uu yahay, dhibco mugdi noqon doonaa dheeraad ah oo la arki karo.

dirka jiirarka

nevi magaca Medical mararka qaarkood keeni karta jahwareer qaar ka mid ah. Laakiin dhab ahaantii, wax kasta oo halkan waa mid fudud ilaa xad ah oo macquul ah. maqaarka Human ka kooban layers: epidermis (ugu dhow ula taagan yahay in ay dusha sare), maqaarkaba ah (celcelis ahaan, ugu weyn) iyo hypodermis (qotada dheer). Iyadoo ku xiran meesha uu kutlada ee melanocytes, noocyada soo socda ee dhibco midabka leh:

- nevus epidermal (ku yaala lakabyada sare ee maqaarka - epidermis);

- dermal intra (siday u kala horreeyaan melanocytes raasamaal lagu arkay lakabka qoto dheer - maqaarkaba ah);

- Edge nevus melanocytic (qadarka melanin u korodho dhexeeya Dumid dubka iyo maqaarkaba);

- hypodermal (meesha uu Midabka in hypodermis ah) - noocan ah nevus muuqataa dhowaad ma qaaddeen muujin, laakiin xaaladaha qaar, melanocytes la dhaqaajin karin u dhaw in ay dusha sare ee maqaarka.

Qaabka iyo nooca calaamadaha yihiin noocyada soo socda ee nevi:

- adag,

- atypical;

- ku soo laabto,

- nevus melanocytic papillomatous;

- buluug ah;

- kaalinta Mongoliyaan;

- xaad (ka jiirarka koraan hal ama wax ka badan yihiin timaha, sida caadiga ah midab madow ah, iyadoo aan loo eegin ninka degay ama Coleen a).

- Sutton nevi, Clark, Spitz,

Ha ka fikiro si aynu noocyada qaar ka mid ah.

Waa maxay dermal intra papillomatous pigmentosa nevus melanocytic

In this dheer iyo xoogaa adag tahay in ay fahmaan macnaha dhowr fikradaha saxiixay. Sayidka, ee kor ku xusan, erayada "melanocytic" iyo "Midabka" waxaa loola jeedaa raasamaal ee Midabka melanin ee melanocytes waxaa soo saara. nevus Intradermal muuqo muujinaysaa uruureen melanocyte ee layers qoto dheer ee maqaarka iyo dusha ka dhigan bararto ridday kor ku xusan ay dusha. Its isku daawada waa ereyga "nevus melanocytic intradermal." Haddii uu leeyahay midabka jidhka, laakiin weli ku taala lugta, waxaa jira isku mid weyn oo papilloma. Sidaa awgeed magaca - nevus papillomatous. qaababka noocan oo kale ah inta badan muuqan on madaxa (qayb xaad), qoorta, wajiga, laakiin ku dhici kara meel kasta oo kale ee jirka. Midabka, marka lagu daro qaab-dhismeedka jirka, mararka qaarkood brown, brown, madow, iyo hummocky qeexin ekaan cauliflower ah. In daawada, waxaad ka heli kartaa uu magacyo kale, sida warty nevus, toosan, hyperkeratotic. 2 kala saaro noocyada ay - organic markii birthmarks papillomatoznye baahsan dhacaan, iyo faafiyay sida tubercles warty sida badan. Inta badan waxay yihiin waxaa kaalinta, halkaas oo xididdada dhiigga waaweyn iyo dareemayaasha. Haddii qofku qabo sharciga noocan oo kale ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay calaamad u cudurada habdhiska dhexe, sida qalalka. Inkastoo dermal intra nevi papillomatous melanocytic maqaarka, muuqashada on dhalashada, si tartiib ah u sii kordhaya si joogto ah, waxa iska leh noocyada melanomoneopasnym benign of lesions midabka leh. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, waxa hubaal ah u baahan doontaa si aad u aragto dhakhtarka maqaarka ku takhasusay in xisaabiso, waxaa nevus, papilloma, ama melanoma. Waxaa si gaar ah muhiim in la tasho dhakhtar haddii papillomatoznyh a bar si lama filaan ah bilaabay iney xanuunaan, cuncun ama discolored. By la dhiso cudurka, dhakhtarka fuliya kormeerka muuqaal ah iyo, haddii loo baahdo, ka dhigaysa Siascopy, ultrasound, biopsy.

nevus melanocytic casri ah

Taas macnaheedu waxaa loo isticmaalaa marka bar ah, asalkiisu ka soo jeedo ee epidermis, maqaarkaba ah ku koraa. Dusha, waxa ay u muuqataa wax yar sida qoon ah, ballaciisu yahay aan ka badnayn 1 cm. Sida noocyada kale ee nevi, dhismaha waxaa loo arkaa inay benign, laakiin, sida laga soo xigtay tirakoob caafimaad, in ka badan 50% ee kiisaska sixun isugu rogta melanoma ah. Sidaa darteed, waxaa iska leh qaababka melanomoopasnym ah. In ay qaab-dhismeedka, nevi adag waxaa laga yaabaa in siman, xoqdo, xaad, warty, oo midabkeeduna wuxuu inta badan madow - brown madow.

nevi atypical

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ku dhowaad qof kasta oo toban meelood loo leeyahay on maqaarka ah nevus melanocytic atypical ama dysplastic. photo kor ku xusan ayaa muujinaya sida ay u ekaan karaan. Tani birthmarks magaca xogta ay heleen ay sabab u tahay cadda sida xuduudaha cawlan, kaqabto, size (sida caadiga ah, waxay ka badan 6 mm), dissimilarity in jiirarka kale. midabka ah ee nevi atypical noqon karaa mid aad u kala duwan - ka beige ama casaan khafiif si madow cawlan. In daawada, waxaa isku micne ah ee formation Midabka ah - Clark nevus. Haddii ay dhacdo in at sida taabo qalaad u baahan tahay si aad u hubiso in aad la tashato dhakhtarkaaga si loo hubiyo in ay jirto melanoma lahayn. Dhakhaatiirta waxay aaminsan yihiin in nevi atypical naftooda ma qaadi khataraha caafimaad, laakiin dadka cidda ay yihiin, waxay halis ugu jiraan kansarka maqaarka, iyo ma loo baahan yahay in meel dhibco Midabka ah. Inta lagu guda jiro nolosha nevi atypical, sida kale wax, baabi'i kara naftooda by, laakiin tani ma jirto sabab uu qofku halis ugu saarida.

soo laaban nevus

Sidaas yeedhay dhibco mugdi oo ka soo baxa goobta halkaas oo ahayd bar ah laga saaro. nevus Hakadyada sida caadiga ah waxay ka dhigan tahay in jiirarka dhar aan lagu gebi ahaanba laga saaro oo loo baahan yahay qaliin labaad.

Spitz nevus

Tani waa mid kale oo lesions midabka, mahad oo qof ayaa halis ugu dhacdo of melanoma. Muuqan on maqaarka dhibco birthmarks sida marar badan carruurta ka yar 10 sano jirka ah, laakiin dadka waaweyn sida ay sidoo kale ma caymis. feature A ee kala duwan ee nevus Spitz waxay tahay koritaanka saa'idka ah. Sidaas daraaddeed, si lama filaan ah soo muuqday on maqaarka, in dhawr bilood gudahood, wuxuu u kordhin karaa dhexroor ka dhowr milimitir in centimitir ah ama ka badan. Waxa kale oo uu feature xun - waa meelaha deriska la ah ee noodes maqaarka iyo dheecaanka ku siin karaan metastases. Laakiin, inkastoo taasi, in kiisaska intooda badan, nevi Spitz waxaa loo tixgeliyaa benign iyo si fudud goor hore la daweeyo.

nevus Sutton

Mararka qaarkood oo jidhka waxay u muuqdaan birthmarks la qar cad wareegsan laayeen. Waxay yihiin laba magacyada - nevus melanocytic Sutton iyo HALO nevus. Dadka qaarkood, waxbarashada kale ay iska yartahay, in kuwa kale waxaa laga yaabaa in badan oo, inta badan ku yaala gadaasha dambe. xadka White, sida saynisyahano rumaysan, waxaa keena xaqiiqda ah in unugyada u disha unugyada ee habka difaaca jirka. Muddo sanado ah, nevi Sutton laga yaabaa discolour ama gebi ahaan u baaba'aa, ka tago xasuusta ka mid ah bar dhalaalaysa. Xaaladaha intooda badan, jiirarka xuduud sida aan khatar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cilmi-ogaaday in ay joogaan, gaar ahaan xaddi badan, lala xiriirin karo joogitaanka qaataha ah cudurada sida Graves iyo vitiligo, ama melanoma, kaas oo qaaddeen muujiyey.

Becker nevus

Tani waxay taabo ay size ekaan Rafaa nevus melanocytic. About rubuc ka mid ah xaaladaha, midabka ay taasi dhacdo in ilmaha caloosha ku jira uurka ka. feature A ee kala duwan ee nevus Becker waa:

- koror ah timaha,

- finan ay finanka;

- in la kordhiyo ilaa size in ay hal dhibic, markaas joojinta ee koritaanka iyo Hillaaca ah midabka.

Inta badan birthmarks kuwanu waa qof nolosha. Khatarta ay bandhig, laakiin milkiilayaasha ay waqti ka waqti wali u baahan yihiin si ay u muujiyaan maqaarka.

birthmarks Sidee khatar ah

Dadka qaar ayaa rumeysan in bar ugu danbeyn beddeli kara melanoma ama kansarka kale ee maqaarka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa khalad. Xaaladaha intooda badan, bar kasta (ama nevus melanocytic) ma hanjabo. Welwelin oo markiiba ku degdegin inaad dhakhtarka (dermatologist, Oncologist) u baahan tahay haddii si lama filaan ah ula taabo ah isbeddeladan soo socda ayaa dhacay:

- beddeli midabka, ma daryeeli oo sii soconnay;

- waxa ay noqotay sinnayn (tusaale ahaan, convex hal dhinac);

- beddeli midabka ah ee qaab-dhismeedka qar ama taabo, oo

- jirjirroolaha bilaabeen in ay dhaawici, waana cambaarta, dhiig;

- si weyn loo kordhiyo baaxadda taabo ah.

Xaaladaha oo dhan, haddii ay bar cusub ee soo baxay waa ka kuwa hadda jira oo kala duwan, ama jirka si lama filaan ah u noqday oo aan caadi ahayn ah, sida baahida loo qabo in la tasho dhakhtar sida ugu dhaqsaha badan.

Maxaa la sameeyaa leh jiirarka?

Haddii nevi sameeyo oo aan ku dhiba, iyo haddii ay ku yaalaan meelaha ammaan ee maqaarka, raaceen by baahida loo qabo in si fudud u daawan. Haddii ay jiraan, halkaas oo ay inta badan ku dhaawacmeen karaan (on calaacalaha, calaacalaha, agagaarka qoorta, madaxa ka, ku dhawaad dhexda), ama wajiga, kaas oo keena dhaawac la isku qurxiyo, waxa la soo jeedinayaa inuu iyaga ka dhaqaajiyo. Amraya hawlgalka sida loo baahan yahay oo kaliya in ay dhakhaatiir - qalliin, haragga. nevi Epidermal waxa lagula talinayaa in ay ka saarto qalliin oo kaliya. Dhaqmaan waxaa loo sameeyaa hoos suuxdinta maxalliga ah, si aan xanuun lahayn. maqaarka Papillomatous nevus melanocytic, gaar ahaan ku taalla lugta, mararka qaarkood u roon tahay in meesha laga saaro nitrogen dareere ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay waxa ay sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaalaa daaweynta laser ah birthmarks iyo radionozhom excision ay.

Qalliinka ka dib, dhakhtarka caadiga ah Dardaarmi tirtiray jajabkii baaritaan histological in ay si buuxda kalsooni ay ka maqan yihiin kansarka.

ka saarida gebi ahaanba aan la aqbali karin ee nevi on gaar ah, hababka ay dhaqanka. Badanaa dadku waxay isku dayaan in ay ka takhalusaan nevi papillomatoznyh on lugaha, duubin ay dunta. Tani waxay keenaysaa in dhiig isa helaan jirjirroolaha, oo ay dhab ahaantii wuxuu ku dhici karaa. Laakiin xaaladaha inta ugu badan, habkan of "daaweynta" dhirfinaya isbeddel ah ee unugyada epidermis ama maqaarkaba ah oo keenta in cawaaqib xun.