Moscow trolleybuses wadada taariikhda

Maanta, dad badan dareensan yihiin in Moscow basaska gaariga mar walba. On Jidadka magaalada caasimadda ah ee ay ku jireen 1933. The Union of Jamhuuriyadaha Socialist Soviet Moscow noqday magaalada ugu horeysay oo gaariga ku soo orday oo aan caadi ahayn sare "geesahood ah" (geesihii-boosteejada) xiran xarkaha. Wadooyinka ahaayeen oo kala duwan.

Out of xiriir

Years maray, iyo xoogga nooca xiriir-"raaxo" gaadiidka farsamo aan jid lahayn waxa uu noqday hab caan ah ee gaadiidka. Trolleybus dheer ka hor waxaa lagu arki karaa oo keliya ma aha ee dahabka-domed, laakiin sidoo kale magaalooyinka kale ee Russia, ee Jamhuuriyadda hore ee Soviet. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, trolleybus wadooyinka (104) Moscow ayaa laga yaabaa in ay yihiin taariikhda ugu taajirsan. In article yar oo ku tirin buuxa iyada adag.

Laakiin waxa ka hor baska tarooli Moscow (taariikhda wadada waxaa hoos ku xusan)? Waxaa la sheegay in 2020 ay sabab u tahay ayna deg deg ah ee shabakadda, noocan ah ee gaadiidka la tuuri doonaa. Qora sidoo kale in 2015 qoray oo ku saabsan la joojiyo ama yaraynta ee waddooyinka 25, yeereyso qayb ka mid ah khadadka xiriir ah. Dhererka guud ee trolleybus "threads" ee Moscow waa 600 km.

Taasoo keentay qorada Internet fikiri tarooli qaddar № 4, 7, 33, 49, 52, 84, ee u adeegaya Degmada Moscow South-West. Inta badan lagu go'aamiyaa wakiilada walaaltinimo dalwaddii welwel geliyey in dadaalka: in ay view, warshadaha ee dhimanayso.

Waxa uu sameeyay sharta. MUP "Mosgortrans" in hooyeen kiiloomitir oo dhan dhibay ka dhiman. Dhanka kale, ganacsiga gobolka dhexe oo si dhab ah loo joojiyo xariirta ah stock diidanaa (inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in barnaamijka horumarka gaadiidka ee Moscow, sida ay taas "jidadka workaholic Moscow" waa in koritaanka, ayaa la baajiyay). Ma basaska tarooli Moscow (sawirka eeg. In article ah) ugu dhakhsaha badan baabi'i doontaa?

Si aad u macaaneyd ayaa muwaadiniinta

baabi'iyo doonaa "stags", waxaa sii kordheysa bedelay baska, ama waa khayaali Diintooda, maleynayaa in aan doonno. Laakiin dadka deegaanka Maroseyka, Pokrovka, Bolshaya Ordynka Pyatnitskaya horeba "ma xiriir". Khadadka Baabi'inta qabtay. The "Mosgortransa" waxba hoggaanka qaldan in aadan arkin, oo cadeynaya in hooyeen weli degan ay Misbaax deggan, shirkadda si tartiib ah loo horumariyo doonaa.

Indeed, barnaamijka dib u dhiska caasimadda "My Street" ayaa hal dhibic ku saabsan yeereyso ee khadadka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, basaska tarooli bedelka, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro - kaliya arrin ku meel gaadh ah. Well, aan ka hadalno sida trolleybuses Moscow, kuwaas oo taariikhda ka mid ah wax badan oo xiiso leh, waxay bilaabeen inay isticmaalaysa caasimadda.

1933. The safka hore, xadka

Sidee si ay u tagaan in ay 1930 basaska tarooli Moscow (waddooyinka tan iyo wakhtiyadii beddeleen)? Trolleybus tiro ka mid ah waxay tageen xagga jidka dheer ee maalinteeda shan iyo tobnaad November 1933 (bilowga jadwalka si ay u sameeyaan ka badan sidii hore, in 1924, laakiin ma uusan u shaqeeyaan). Line (waxaa la dhajinta in October 1933) gudbeen jidka weyn Leningrad ee, ka Zastava Tverskaya si Pokrovsky Streshnova kordhin.

gaadiidka Road la pantographs (geeska-boosteejada), sida la qorsheeyay, meelaha magaalada hareeraheeda ah ku lug leh (ee xarunta of Moscow, violin kowaad wuxuu ahaa taraamka a). Arena waa "Dynamo" ahaa line dvuputnaya, inta kale ee jidka odnoputkoy loola dhaqmo. trolleybuses Moscow lahaa inay qabsadaan, adduunka oo dhan. Oo iyana waxay yeeleen.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maalinta bilaabo wadada aan lahaa si aad u hesho laba ku cusub, laakiin waxaa jiray nin keliya. Rafaa Second isla marka ka Warshadda ayaa la filayaa in "shaqeeyaan dhaawac": iyada oo dhulka halkii uu ku dhacay garaash cusub tabar iyo waxyeelo. Laakiin wax kasta oo si caadi ah ku soo laabtay. jadwalka dhaqdhaqaaqa ahaa sida soo socota: ka 7.00 si 24.00.

1934. kordhinta

trolleybuses Moscow noqdeen kuwo caan ah. Markii waagu beryo ee awoowe 1934-line hore u fidiyey ka New Triumphal halka (Tverskaya Zastava) si toos ah xarunta, si square ah, kaas oo ilaa 1918 la odhan jiray Qiyaamada (hadda - Kacaanka). '34 dhamaaday II line furitaanka. Waxay ka tageen meesha of Arbat Gates in Smolensk (Arbat), iyo ilaa iridda Dorogomilov ah.

trolleybus tirada wadada 2 galay hawlgalka marka la gaaro dhamaadka sanadka (12.10.1934 g). Dhaqdhaqaaqa kabilaabay Dragomilovskoy van. Tegaayo at Revolution Square on Great Dragomilovskoy, "xoolo" baabuurta u tageen inay Arbat ah. Markaas - on the Comintern, si kama dambays ah xaq "Ryad". By markii ugu labada Jidadka tarooli jira tegey lix iyo soddon baabuurta.

1935. Heerka saddexaad

The mid trolleybus saddexaad "web" waxaa "tolmo wanaagsan" by dadka dayrta ee 1935. Waxay dhex bartamaha magaalada orday. Thanks iyada, waxaad tegi kartaa on Petrovka, in tirada tababaraha on Sukharevskaya Square, halkaas ka on Prospect Mira (ka dibna wadada reer Falastiin 1aad) ruxaya si Rzhev (station ayaa mudo dheer la yaqaan oo dhan sida Riga). Waxaa u muuqan lahaa in arrin dhawaan dardartay tarooli mid keliya, oo dhammaadka '35 Muscovites u adeegeen 57 mashiinada Luuk!

"Lazar Kaganovich" - waxa aynu u sheegnay marinnada trolleybus horeysay Moscow. List of wadooyinka iyo sifooyinka ay faahfaahsan qaatay lahaa in ka badan hal bog ka mid ah sheekada.

1936 tarooli kulmay firfircoon "weerar" uu tareenka soo horjeeda - taraamka. biraha waxaa laga saaray qaybta waqooyi ee Ring Jannada. Halkii "gromyhalschika" ogol yahay siman "cayayaanka" (line "B" - ka Kudrinskaya Square saldhiga tareenka Kursk).

In hooyeen 37aad waa hore u firfircoon "koray wadooyinka xididdada ', laga bilaabo Ring Jannada iyo sii wadada Kalyaevskoy iyo Novoslobodskaya, Kuznetsky Bridge ... beerta High YATB brand mashiinka 1 Muscovites ansixiyey. Waxay si gaar ah jeclaan hoggaamiyaha Soofiyeeti Nikita Khrushchev.

Laba dabaq, laakiin aan guriga!

In 1938, tarooli degdeg ah oo ku haboon noqday yiqiin wanaagsan for kuwa doonaya in ay soo booqdaan Quarter ka jillaabta raggu hore oo dhan - Berezhkovskaya, calaamad wanaagsan oo Hills Vorobyovy ah, u orotameen October (Kaluga hore) Square ... From the "Sokol" station metro on Leningrad dadka jidka weyn gaartay River North station, in Izmailovo, ka aagga Crimean ee giraanta Garden iyo wadada Mytnaya - suuqa Danilovsky ah.

Moskvovskie tarooli daboolayaa toban wadooyinka. wadada la dhigay on site oo ka mid ah kuwan raadkaygay taraamka kala dhantaashay. Horeba 1937-1939 sannad xisaabeedka. on Leningradsky Prospekt tegey 2-story YATB-3 qurxoon iyo shirkad British gaariga. Si aad u bilowdo "yaab weeryahanku" markeeda, lahaa in network kor u si hal mitir (4.8 si 5.8 m). In ku dheganaadaan gaariga World 39aad socday on (rajo) si VSHV (selhozvystavka). In 1953, sababta oo ah dhib ku ah isticmaalka swingers baxsaday.

Kac oo fiidkii Zaman trolleybus

Ka hor bilowgii dagaalkii Great Patriotic ee 1941-1945, waxaa jiray 583 iyo 11 duulimaad trolleybus ee Moscow. January 1, 1952 magaalada ayaa faaniyey 786 trolleybuses oo si weyn u kordhiyo tirada goobaha, taas oo ay u dhaqaaqay.

In 1950, si firfircoon uga sii kordhaya xaafadaha la deggan yahay oo ku taalla daafaha magaalada Muqdisho. Waxaa waddooyinka gaariga laamiga (gaar ahaan, in Silver Bora). Meel kasta oo ka Moscow ama martida ee magaalada diray - in Izmailovo on Volkhonka, jid Warsaw, Luzhniki Stadium, iyo xitaa meelo badan, waxay si gargaarka ee gaariga smart yimid.

Time Duulay. In ka badan 60 sano ayaa ka soo wareegtay tan iyo markaas, 1954, uu line cusub on VSHV giraanta furay. By dhamaadka 1960-kii, oo dhererkiisu wuxuu guud ee xadiidka tareenka gaadhay 540 kiiloomitir, isku dhafan 36 duulimaad.

In 1964-68. South-West meesha la degan yahay dardartay "qalab muusiik" - trolleybus qeexeen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in 1975 uu ugu dambeyntii laga saaray rakaabka. In 1964 ee Moscow waxaa jira trolleybuses ee 1811. By 1972 network th uu gaaray 1253 km, waxaana lagu aqoonsaday (dhererka) ugu dheer caalamka.

dhismayaasha In 1970-1980 wadooyinka th ayaa ugu xidhay (Novogireevo, Ivanovskoe, Nut-Borisov et al.). Bishii Agoosto 1993, Moscow soo bandhigay baabuurta hal hab (waddooyinka si ku mashquulsanayeen iyo ammaanka). Qayb ka mid ah line ah ayaa la xidhay. Ka dibna, hoos u sii.