Hal-abuurka iyo Biography ee Shillera Fridriha

classic A aqoonsan yahay suugaanta adduunka waa Friedrich Schiller. Biography oo camal muujiyo aqoonsiga mucaaradka ah, nin ma laftiisa fikiraan xilligii Dulmi hantida dhulgoosadka universal. Uu feat nolosha jiitay xataa qoyska boqortooyada, taas oo aan hoos ku tilmaami. nolosha ka mid ah gabayaa iyo Abwaan laftiisa ekaan riwaayadaha a masrixiyada, halkaas oo tayo la dhibtoonaya takoorka, saboolnimada iyo guul.

Yurub doortay heesta ee Midowga Yurub ay "ODE in Joy." Qarka u saaran inuu music Lyudvigom Van Beethoven, waxaa ka dhawaajisay weyn leh, Quraanku falna sanyahay.

hanad ayaa ninkan soo baxay gabayaa wajiyo badan, riwaayadaha, farshaxanka theorist, dagaalka ah ee xuquuqda aadanaha.

dhashay unfree

Marka Shiller Fridrih ku dhashay Germany, waxa ay weli ahayd serfdom la mariyo.

Maadooyinka of amiirradii dhulgoosadka oo aan hoos u tegi karin ka baxsan hantidii uu suzerain. Oo haddii sida dhaca, ka dibna qaxay xoog ku soo laabtay. Citizen waayeen innaba beddelo xirfadda taas oo uu "ku xayiran" dhulgoosadka ama guursadaan oo aan ogolaansho ka mid ah sayidkiisa. In this sharci nightmarish, ekaan qafas bir ah, joogi Friedrich Schiller.

Oo isagu wuxuu noqday classic ah, halkii, ma by bulshada Jarmal casriga ah, laakiin in kasta oo ay. Frederick, sida masaal, u suurtagashay in ay macbudka ah ee farshaxanka galaan albaabka iyada oo la xiray isaga oo ag jooga gobolka la haraadiga qarniyadii dhexe.

Kaliya ee 1807 (Schiller ku dhintay 1805), Prussia baabiiyo serfdom.

waalidiinta

Schiller Biography bilaabmaa ee Duchy of Wurttemberg (Marbach ahay Neckar), halkaas oo uu ku dhashay on 11.10.1759, in qoyska sarkaalka ah, kaaliyaha regimental caafimaad Ioganna Kaspara Schiller. Hooyo Abwaan mustaqbalka ahaa qoys ee farmashiistayaasha iyo innkeepers. Magaceeduna wuxuu ahaa Elizabeth Dorothea Kodvays. In guriga waalidka uu 'ahayd jawi saboolnimada nadiif ah, nidaamsan iyo caaqil.

The aabbihiis iyo hooyadiis of Johann Kristofa Fridriha von Schiller (kanuna waa magaca buuxa ee Classics ah) waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad diinta iyo isku ruux ku lahaa carruurta. Pope Abwaan, hooyo a of qoyska khamri-samaynta ridayeen, waxay ahayd nasiib si aad u hesho waxbarasho caafimaad. Waxa uu noqday sarkaal xagga sayidkiisa, caaqil ah, laakiin ma aha lacag la'aan ah. uu meesha aad deggan, xafiiska Waxa uu bedelay, ka dib markii doonista sayidkiisa.

formation

Marka wiilku wuxuu ahaa shan sano jir, qoyska u guuray magaalada ka mid ah gobolka isla Lorch. Aabbaha halkaas ka helay dayaca booska dagaalyahaniin qora. Saddex sano oo waxbarashada kaniisad-farshaxanka hore Friedrich Lorch ku hawlan wadaad, nin wanaagsan, kan kara inuu xiiso wiil ee Laatiin, Jarmal, iyo qaabkii.

Oo goortii aan toddobadii-Schiller la qoyskiisa u dhaqaaqay Ludwigsburg, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay ka barato dugsiga Latin. At 23, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa aqoon xaqiijin (xaq u leeyihiin inay soo dhowaadaan sacrament). Marka hore waxa uu doonayay inuu wadaad noqday, ka dib markii charism ee daryeelayaasha ay.

despot dhulgoosadka

Biography of Schiller in uu dhallinyarada uu noqday taxane ah oo dhibaatada maxaayeelay guuldaradii ugaas doono oo Wurttemberg. Waxa uu amar ku bixiyay in uu Serf sharciga barato akadeemiga military ee xirfadda sharciga ah. Schiller inuusan noolaanayn nolosha qof kale, wuxuu iska indho casharada. Saddex sano ka dib, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ee la soo dhaafay on liiska koox isku faca ah 18 dadka.

In 1776 uu ku biiray kuliyadda daawada, wuxuu noqday xiiso halkan wax ka baranaya. Laakiin daawada waxbaridda jiidatay uu maadooyinka yar - falsafada, suugaanta. In 1777, magazine adag "Jarmal Chronicle" daabacay shaqada ugu horeysa ee ODE dhallinyarada Schiller ee "kaliga", qoraal ku dayashada Abwaan jecel yahay Friedrich Klopstock.

Biography of Schiller, sida soo socota ka kor ku xusan, ma "majeure" sheekada. Man, aan la raacay shuruudaha si ay u noqdaan qareen, ayay kaxaysay Kahataan waxaa u-Duke daalim. Doonistiisa ka qalin 29-sano jir ah Academy waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah meel kaliya ee dhakhtarku regimental, oo aan darajo sarkaal ee. Despot u muuqday in uu ahaa awoodaan in ay khalkhal galin nolosha nin dhallinyaro ah Caayan, laakiin Friedrich Schiller mar hore dareemay xoogga tayadiisa.

Talent laftiisa leeyahay

Abwaan 32-sano jir ah ku qoray riwaayadaha ah "tuugagga ku". No publisher ee Stuttgart sameeyaan ma si ay u daabacaan sida shaqo halis ah oo addoon ah, ka baqaya khilaafka la Duke oo dhan-awooda badan ee ciyaarta heshay. Muujinaya dulqaadashada, laftiisa odhanaya dadweynaha, isu daabacdaa Friedrich Schiller. Uu Biography sida riwaayadaha a bilaabmaa shaqo this.

Muwaadin Saucy, kuwaas oo la daabacay riwaayadaha ah "tuugagga ku" qarashkiisa u gaar ah, waxay ahayd guusha. Iyo Masiirka isaga soo diray hadiyad. Bookseller saaxiib ku riday xiriiri khabiir ku ah fanka by Baron von Dalberg, ee masraxa maamula Mayngemskim. Drama ka dib u eegid yar noqday highlight xilli ciyaareedka soo socda tiyaatarka ee Prussia!

Qoraagu wuxuu daboolayaa geesinimada, wuxuu ku amaanay talent. Isla muddadaas, Schiller daabacay uu ururinta ugu horreeya ee gabayada, "aqooneed ee 1782". Waxa uu u muuqdaa gaari height kasta! Waxa uu tartanka horyaalka ee dugsiga Swabian gabay la Gothaldom Shteydlinom horay u sii daysay inuu "Collection of music." Si loo siiyo image ee fadeexadii in uu ururinta, Abwaan muujinaysaa meesha daabacaadan, Tobolsk.

Cadaadiska iyo baxsado

Biography Schiller in muddo this sida calaamad oo Cararid ee banal County Palatinate. Tani waxay u dhaqaaqo khatar ah uu go'aansaday in uu 22.09.1782, wada jir ah ula saaxiibkiis Streicher, biyaaniiste iyo laxamiistaha. Duke of Wurttemberg ahaa kuwa Samra ee ku dadaalaya inay u beddesho classic mustaqbalka in ololaha khasnaddii.

Schiller saaray laba toddobaad ee Brig ee isagoo ciidankii tagay booqasho saarka masrixiyada ah "tuugagga ku". Isla mar ahaantaana waxaa uu reebay in ay qoraan.

Saaxiibada, aan sabab la'aan inay ka cabsadaan sirta ah by Archduke ah. Schiller magaca si Schmidt bedelay. Sidaas daraaddeed ma ay degeen magaalada Mannheim, iyo makhaayadda "yard Hunter ee" tuulada hareeraheeda Oggersgeym.

Schiller ku haminayay in uu ka dhigi play cusub qoran "Shirqool ah Fiesco ee Genoa." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, lacagta muuqday gataan. Ahaanshaha ee saboolnimada, oo uu ku qasbay in ay caawimaad weydiiso Henriette von Valtsogen. Waxay si deeqsinimo leh loo ogol yahay la xidhey in ay ku nool yihiin uu estate bannaan.

Nolosha magaca ah la wareegay

Laga soo bilaabo 1782 in 1783 xaafadda dhuumanayay hoos magaca benefactress khayaal ah Dr. Ritter Friedrich Schiller. Uu Biography in muddo this - sharaxaad ku saabsan nolosha la nacay, halista la doortay, si ay u awoodaan si ay u horumariyaan tayadooda. Wuxuu bartay taariikhda iyo ku qoray play ah "Luisa Miller" iyo "Shirqool ah Fiesco ee Genoa." Si aad u sharfo saaxiib, Andreya Shtreyhera, kuwaas oo balaaran dadaalka wayn agaasimaha masraxa Mannheim, Baron von Dalberg, intuu shuqulkii dadka kale dareenka. Schiller ayaa sheegay in warqad ay u soo Baron uu plays cusub, oo uu ogolaado inuu u gacangelisid guriga!

Muddadan (1983) estate la booqday Henriette von Valtsogen la gabadhiisa yar yar Charlotte. Schiller dhacay jacayl la gabadha iyo hooyadeed ka codsaday ogolaansho inuu guursado laakiin waxaa la diiday sababtoo ah saboolnimada. Waxa uu u dhaqaaqay Mannheim ay shuqulladoodii ahaayeen isku diyaarineyso inay dejinta.

Helitaanka xorriyadda. Helitaanka jagooyinka rasmi ah

Haddii aad u ciyaaro "Shirqool ah Fiesco ee Genoa" masraxa ee tiyaatarka ee Mannheim waddaa sida qoraal caadi ah, "ayuu Luisa Miller" (baxshay "mu'aamaraad iyo la Love") kana soobixiya wax hit weyn. In 1784 Schiller galaa bulshada Jarmal maxalliga ah si aad u hesho xaq u leedahay in sharciyeeyaa xaaladdooda, isagoo noqday maadooyinka Palatinate, iyo ugu danbeyn meel lagu xiro caddibaadda Archduke ah.

Isaga oo isagoo views isaga u gaar ah oo ku saabsan horumarinta tiyaatarka Jarmal, la ixtiraamo sida Abwaan caan ah. Waxa uu sheegay in uu shaqada "Masraxa - hay'ad moral," waxa uu noqday classic ah.

Soon Schiller bilaabmaa arrin gaaban naag is qaba Charlotte von Kalb. Writer, leexdeen inay mysticism, horseeday hab nololeed Bohemian. Abwaan Young marwada arkay sida uu koobka soo socda ee taxanahan haweenka ee guul.

Waxay soo bandhigay Schiller in Darmstadt la Karl Archduke ka August. Waxa uu Abwaan akhri fal koowaad ee riwaayadaha ah "Don Carlos." Yaabay oo farxay tayo qoraaga, sharaf tiir kasta oo la taliye siiyey qoraaga. Tani waxay siisay Abwaan xaaladda bulsho, aan ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma naftiisa ka bedesho.

Soon Schiller Dirirta iyo jebiyo heshiis la agaasimaha masraxa Mannheim ah. author waxay tixgelinaysaa soosaarid uu hit tiirsan doonistiisa iyo lacag isku dayaya in ay cadaadis on Schiller.

Leipzig qaadataa Abwaan quus

All nolosha isla saldhigan hadhay Friedrich Schiller. Uu Biography ma aha markii ugu horeysay isku diyaarineysa dharbaaxo in uu nolashiisa qaaska ah. Sababo la saboolnimada uu beeniyay inuu guursaday Margarita Shvan, gabadhii bookseller maxkamad. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu dhakhsaha badan uu naftiisa la beddelo mid ka fiican. In Leipzig, waxaan mahad shuqulkiisa.

Abwaan ayaa muddo dheer ka dhaco casuumay si ay taageerayaasha ee uu shaqada, abaabulan bulsho garoomada by Gottfried Kerner. Qaaday in xad-dhaaf ah (inuu weli ma bixiyo inuu deynta 200 guilders, Yeesheen daabaco "tuugagga ku"), qoraaga ka codsaday taageerayaasha ay la codsi ku saabsan kaalmo dhaqaale. Si uu ugu faraxsan yahay, in uu dhawaan ka Leipzig helay biilka qadarkuu ku filan in ay bixiso daymaha iyo guuraan halkaas oo la Mahadiyay. Saaxiibtinimada la Gottfried Kerner Classics ku xidhay inta kale ee uu noloshiisa.

17.04.1785 Mr. Schiller u imanayaa inuu magaalada soo dhoweyn.

Wakhtigan classic ah markii saddexaad ku dhacaa, laakiin mar kale kama taro, uu diido Margarita Shvan. At tageen in madowgiisa madow classic saarta saamaynta faa'iido ah oo uu ka sokay, Gottfried Körner. Waxa uu ka niyad saaxiib jaceyl ka ismiidaamin ah si ay u bilaabaan Yeedha arooska ushii Frederick Minna.

saaxiibtinimo diiran oo ka badbaaday dhibaatooyinka xagga ruuxa daran, waayo arooska saaxiibkiis qoray ODE cajiib ah "Si Joy" by F. Schiller.

Biography ah qoraaga kuwaas oo degeen at martiqaad ee isku xiga si Kerner tuulada Dresden Loschwitz, shuqullada cajiib ah :. "falsafada Waraaqaha", riwaayadaha "Misanthrope The" calaamadeeyay, sidii wax looga beddelay by riwaayadaha ah "Don Carlos" By midho-dhal hal abuur muddada this ekaan Boldin Dayrta Pushkin.

Schiller loo yaqaan. Oo Diiday In la xidhey bixiyaan ka Hamburg tiyaatarka martigeliso riwaayadaha uu. xusuus aad u cusub ee dhibaato ah ee iskaashiga iyo nasasho tiyaatarka Mannheim ah.

muddo Weimar: tagay ka tahay. qaaxada

Wuxuu ahaa 08/21/1787 gaaray Weimar at martiqaad ee Abwaan Christoph Wieland. Waxa uu ku weheliyay sayidad, saaxiibkey hore, Charlotte von Kalb. Lahaanshaha la tixgelinayo bulshada sare, waxaa la barayaa Schiller la keentay qorayaasha Jarmal Johann jirana iyo Martin Wieland.

Abwaan bilaabay si ay u daabacaan majaladda "Thalia", daabacan ee "Jarmal Mercury". Halkan uu ka tago ku dhowaad toban sano oo shaqo ah, in aan naftayada barno taariikhda. Isaga oo khibrad waa la qiimeeyaa, iyo in 1788 uu noqday professor a at the University of Jena.

Waxa uu casharro ku saabsan taariikhda dunida iyo gabayada, wuxuu turjumayaa "Aeneid" by Virgil. Schiller heshay mushaarka a of 200 thalers sano ah. Tani waa dakhli yar oo, laakiin waxa ay u ogolaaneysa inuu mustaqbalka u qorshaysato.

Sidaa darteed go'aansado inuu kuu diyaarin noloshooda iyo guursadaa Charlotte von lengefeld. Laakiin afar sano ka dib nolosha keentaa baaritaan cusub: hadlayay fasalada qabow iyo cudurka uu ardayga, xanuunsan qaaxada Friedrich Schiller. xaqiiqooyinka Interesting in uu Biography show heybad, daacadnimada qofka. Cudurada gudbo mustaqbalkiisa waxbariddiisa, riveted inay sariirta, laakiin qaddar ee qaybta xasilloon ee ku guuleystay geesinimada aadanaha.

stage A cusub of qaddar

Sida haddii la ruxruxo ee awoodda sare, Saacaddii saaxiibbadiis si ay u caawiyaan. Halkan iyo hadda, markii cudurka keentay in ay adagtahay shaqada Schiller ee, qoraa deenishka Jens Holsten Baggens aaminsiiyey Prince oo Tiri Schimmelmann u yeelaan Classics lagu daaweyn jiray kaalmo of a kun thalers.

Iron iyo kaalmada maaliyadda sara kicin doonaa bukaanka sariirta cagihiisa on. Wuxuu ma bari ayaa laga yaabaa, iyo saaxiibkiis, publisher Iogann Kotta siiyey fursad ay u helaan. Soon Schiller guuro marxalad cusub oo ah hal-abuurka. Waxa uu la yaab ku bilaabmaa dhacdo naxdin leh: Abwaan lagu magacaabo aabbe, dhalna, kuwaas oo wakhtigaas deganaa Ludwigsburg.

Dhacdadani waxa la filayay, ka hor aabbihiis muddo dheer oo uu ahaa si xun u xanuunsan. Classic laakiin filial waajib - in ay dhahdo inuu aabbihiis, iyo soo jiitay fursad ay ku aaddey iyo qalbi qaboojin iyada saddexdii gabdhood iyo hooyadeed, kan uu wax uusan arkin siddeed iyo toban sannadood!

Waxaa laga yaabaa in sababta uu tegey, qudhiisa isma, wuxuuna la joogayaa naagtiisa, u hoggaansan ee gobolka.

Joogista dalkooda yar, Abwaan helay heshaa awood ruuxi ah - si ay u horumariyaan hal-abuurka.

Ka dib bil iyo bar ah ka dib markii aaska aabbihiis, ayuu soo booqday Mater Alma, akadeemiga military. Waxa uu ulana yaabay xaqiiqda ah in uu ahaa sanam ee ardayda. Waxay isaga xiiso salaamay, ka hor wuxuu ahaa halyeey - Shiller Fridrih, Abwaan tirada 1 Prussia. Dhaqaaqay classic ka dib booqasho uu shaqada caan ku qoray "Waraaqaha Waxbarashada bilicsanaanta Aadanaha."

In Ludwigsburg ka dhalatay oo ahaa curadkiisii. Waxa uu ugu dambeyntii ku faraxsanahay. Laakiin in ay ku noolaadaan oo kaliya toddoba sannadood ka tagay isaga u ...

Abwaan magaalada Jena ku soo laabtay, ee gobolka a of waxyoonay hal abuur leh. Its tayo weji duwan iftiimay la luminayey cusboonaaday! Schiller, ka dib markii muddo tobaneeyo sano ah ee qoto-dheer waxbarasho ee taariikhda, aragti suugaanta, sharraxaadda, Soo Laabtay gabayada mar kale.

Waxa uu u suurtagashay in ay soo jiitaan oo dhan gabayaaga ugu fiican ee Prussia in ay ka qayb ah "A" magazine. In -1795, ka qalin baxay shuqullada falsafadeed ee gabayada, "Dance The", "Poetry nolosha", "Hope", "Maskaxbadan The", "kala qeybinta ah ee dalka."

Cooperation la Goethe

Ka mid ah Schiller yeedhay ee "A" Journal mid ah gabayayaashiinnu oo ahaa Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Naftoodu waxay hal abuur galay jawaabta, taasoo dhiiri abuurka luul badan oo aad u qaali ah oo silsilad suugaanta classical Jarmal ee qarnigii XVIII ah.

Waxay lahaa aragti midaysan oo ka mid ah qiyamka civilizational of Revolution Faransiis ah, jidadka horumarinta suugaanta Jarmal, colka wararka a of art qadiimiga ah. Goethe iyo Schiller dhaleeceeyay fasiraadda suugaanta casriga ah, diinta, siyaasadda, bilicsanaanta iyo su'aalaha falsafada. In warqado ay ka dhawaajisay xamaasad moral iyo madaniga ah. Laba Abwaan cajiib ah, doortay dhaqdhaqaaq suugaanta, tartanka dhinaca horumarinta,

• tan iyo bishii December -1795 - qoraal epigrams;
• in 1797 - in ballads qoraal.

warqadihiisa saaxiibtinimo ee Goethe iyo Schiller waa tusaale cajiib ah oo ah farshaxanka epistolary.

Wajigii ugu danbeeyay ee shaqada. Weimar

In 1799 wuxuu ku Weimar Friedrich Schiller soo laabtay. Works qoran iyo Goethe by ahaayeen horumarinta tiyaatarka Jarmal. Waxay noqday saldhig u abuuro tiyaatarka fiican weyn ee Germany - Weimar.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciidamada Schiller ilaa qalajinta. In 1800, uu soo afjaro qoraal uu guumaysgeesaleyda song - musiibo "Maria Stuart", ka shaqeeya qoto dheer, guusha isagoo iyo resonance ballaaran ee bulshada.

In 1802, ee Emperor of taageere Prussia sharaf Abwaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Schiller yaab leh uga jawaabay si this. Isaga oo sano ka yar yar iyo qaan fiican waxaa ka buuxay iyaguba, oo haatan cusub Sirkaalkii dareemay in uu dhimanayay. Wuxuu uhelin rabto in aad diido horyaalka aan waxtar lahayn inuu nafsaddiisa, laakiin waxa uu u aqbalay, fikirka kaliya ee carruurtooda.

Waxa uu ahaa inta badan jiran, ka cabanaya pneumonia chronic. Loogana hortegi this, waxay xoojiyeen qaaxada, waxay u keeneen dhimasho dhicis at height of tayo iyo da'da 45 sano.

gunaanad

buunbuunin No si ay sheegayaan in Jarmalka jeclaaday Gabayaana waxaa ka mid ah waqtiyada oo dhan ayaa iyo Iogann Gete iyo Friedrich Schiller doono. Photos taallo bandhigay abid laba saaxiibo ku nool Weimar, la yaqaan in Jarmal kasta. Ay ka qayb qaateen qiimo in suugaanta: Classics iyadii u keenay Jidka humanism cusub, koobaya fikrado ah, kutub ku nasjonalromantiske iyo Classicism.