-Gobollada Sub of Europe. Mabda'a of kala qeybinta Europe galay subregions

Europe waa mid ka mid ah laba qaybood oo ka mid ah dunida, xubno ka mid ah qaaradda Eurasian. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay sabab u tahay dhowr arrimood juquraafi, dhaqanka, dhaqaalaha iyo siyaasadda, marka lagu daro ka dhigay horyaalka ee Yurub-gobollada sub. Sida aan ku arki doono, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in qayb ka mid ah bartay dunida xad waa yar yahay, faraqa u dhexeeya qaybaha ay gooni ah weli waa weyn. Sidaas daraaddeed, waa maxay-hoose Europe iyo waxa ay tahay sifooyinka ay? Aynu isku day in aad ka jawaabto su'aalahan.

Taariikhda qeybinta Europe

Inta aanad bilaabin si ay u sahamiyaan ku-hoose Europe, aynu dhexgalin taariikhda si ay u fahmaan waxa ay ku saleysan qeybinta juquraafi ahaaneed ee dhulka. Waa in la ogaadaa in, in la barbardhigo ugu qaybaha kale ee adduunka, tani ma aha qaaradda gaar ah, oo sidaas daraaddeed, ayaa no si cad u qeexay xuduudaha. Dhab ahaantii Tani waxay keentay in xaqiiqda ah in degaanka, taas oo ka mid ah fikirka juquraafi ahaaneed ee "Europe", in muddo taariikhi ah oo kala duwan lahaa xuduudaha kala duwan.

Xataa dadka Gariigta ah qadiimiga abuurtay horyaalka qaarada, halkaas oo ay ku noolaayeen. By Asia, waxay garanayeen Foynike (hadda Lubnaan), iyo dhammaan dhulalka in been bari waxaa ka mid ah, oo hoos Europe - dhulka galbeed ee dalka. Waqooyiga, Gariigta ah sameeyo dibedda dalka oo webiga ag Tanais (Don hadda).

Soo jeedinta in ay kala qaybiyaan Europe iyo Asia by Mountains Ural ah ayaa la dhigay in 1720. Laakiin xitaa markaa oo dhan Caucasus, oo ay ku jiraan xagga woqooyi, waxaa iska leh Asia. Later, xuduudda ayaa noqon a "gurguurto" Koonfur oo dhan. Currently, khubarada badankooda waxaa ka mid ah oo dhan ee Caucasus ee Yurub, oo soohdintu waxay la Asia waxaa la qabtay iyaga by weheliyaan Mountains Ural ah oo ku saabsan webiga Emba.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira meelo in geographers qaar ka mid ah tixraac qayb ka mid ah dunida, halka kuwo kale - horjeeda. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Israa'iil iyo Cyprus.

In muddo ah ka dib markii horyaalka heerka dagaalkii labaad aduunka ee Europe waxaa la dhigay sababo siyaasadeed ee reer galbeedka iyo bariga. Dhismaha East ka mid ah dalalka hantiwadaagga ee xerada, iyo Western - kuwii kale oo dhan. Ka dib burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo burburkii nidaamka hantiwadaagga Qaybta hore galay-hoose Europe gebi ahaanba ka nolol dambeeyey ay faaiidada. Inkasta oo noocyo kale oo ah xuduuddadhulka jirey waqtiyadii hore, laakiin hadda waxay ku sii kordheysa loo isticmaalay.

xuduuddadhulka hadda ee Europe

Waa maxay-hoose Europe, waxaa jira in soocidda ugu muhiimsan? Currently, kala qeybinta inta badan la isticmaalo shan qaybood oo waaweyn:

• Europe Western;
• Central Europe;
• Northern Europe;
• Southern Europe,
• Yurubta Bari.

Ka dibna, mid kasta oo qaybo ka mid ah kuwan laga wada hadli doonaa si faahfaahsan imtixaantid, oo iyana, ay isutagga ee unugyada juquraafi ahaaneed ee heerka hoose.

Xuduudda of Western Europe

Currently, Western Europe waxaa ka mid ah wadamada sida Germany, France, UK, Ireland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Monaco, Andorra, Netherlands. Inkasta oo laga dhibic kaliya juquraafi of view, Germany ayaa weli si sax ah loo aaneeyey inay u Xarunta, laakiin sidoo kale la tixgelinayo arrimaha dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed ee xuduuddadhulka ah. Mararka qaarkood in this category kaloo ka mid ah Switzerland, Austria iyo Liechtenstein, inkastoo ay inta badan waxaa laga heli karaa oo ka mid ah Europe Dhexe. Intaa waxaa dheer, Great Britain iyo Ireland mararka qaar ka mid ah Waqooyiga.

Maxaa jira subregions of Western Europe? Waxay u taagan tahay soo baxay koox gaar ah France, Monaco iyo Andorra sida. Tan waxa u sabab ma ahan oo keliya in ay xaafadda, laakiin sidoo kale xaqiiqada ah in France waa xogta gobolka cilin oo heer caalami ah, oo ay ku jiraan Qaramada Midoobay.

Britain iyo Ireland waa subregions gaar ah Abroad Europe. No arrinta meesha ay dhab ahaan waxaa ka mid ah, in North ama West qaarada, dalalkaas waxaa isu keenay. Kooxdaan dalalka la odhan karaa by the British, ama Island ah, subregion ah. bulshada Tani waa xaq ma aha oo kaliya by dhawaanshaha juquraafi, laakiin sidoo kale iyada oo si wadajir ah horumarka taariikhiga ah muddo dheer.

Kale-gobolka sub of Western Europe yihiin wadamada Benelux. Of gaabiyey ma aha wax adag in la fahmo in koox ka kooban yahay Belgium, Holland iyo Luxembourg. Waxa kale oo dalka ka mid ah bulshada dhaqan iyo taariikheed, ka sokow hadda mideysan ururka dhaqaalaha.

Dawladdu waxay soo dhaafay, taas oo keli ah waxaa ka mid ahaa in ka-gobollada sub iyo dalalka shisheeye ee Europe, waa Germany. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in kiisaska Switzerland, Liechtenstein iyo Austria gudbiyo Western Europe, waxay ka mideysan yihiin la Germany ee group la mid ah. Tan waxaa loo fududeeyey dhawaanshaha juquraafi iyo dhaqanka, sababtoo ah dalalka oo dhan, inta badan dadka ku hadla Jarmal.

Meelaha of Central Europe

Xuduudda of Central Europe dhib badan. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in qoraalkii kala duwan oo badan oo ka mid ah dalalka lagu dari karaa in subregion ah, iyo in ku dhowaad dhammaan deriska ah. Dhaqan ahaan, caadi ahaan loo gudbiyaa in Central Europe, dalalka soo socda: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Romania, Bosnia iyo Herzegovina. Inta badan halkan falan sida Austria, Switzerland iyo Liechtenstein, iyo mararka qaar xitaa Germany. Intaa waxaa dheer, qaar ka mid ah khubarada u yeelaan dalalka Baltiga (Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania) waa in Central Europe, inkasta oo intooda badan ay weli iyaga ka aragtid sida qayb muhiim ah oo Waqooyiga.

Gobolka Tani waxa loo qaybin karaa laba-hoose: Bariga iyo Bartamaha Yurub (Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania) iyo Balkans (ama Yugoslav), kaas oo ka mid ah dalalka of Yugoslavia hore (Bosnia iyo Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Macedonia). Juqraafi ahaan, koox ee la soo dhaafay dalalka lagu dari karaa sidoo Romania, laakiin sababo dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed, dalka tani weli waa inta badan waxaa loola jeedaa subregion Bariga-dhexe ee Yurub.

Southern Europe

-Gobollada Sub of Southern Europe waxa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood: gaarto, Apennine iyo Balkan.

Kooxdu waxay ugu horeysay waxaa ka mid ah Spain, Portugal, iyo Gibraltar waa dhul a British dibada, laakiin waqti isku mid ah oo haysta sifooyinka qarannimada. Intaa waxaa dheer, mararka qaarkood in koox ka mid ah waxaa ka mid ah Andorra, inkastoo khubarada kale waxa ay la xidhiidhaa Western Europe.

The Apennine sub-gobolka ka mid ah oo dhan ee Italy, iyo sidoo kale gobolka cilin, hareereysan dhulkeeda - San Marino iyo Vatican-ka. Intaa waxaa dheer, halkan sidoo kale inta badan waxaa ka mid ah Malta iyo, tan iyo dalka jasiirada this waxa uu ku yaalaa dhow Jasiiradda.

In subregion ku Balkan Southern Europe waxaa ka mid ah Bulgaria, Albania iyo Greece. Tani waxay sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah qayb ka mid ah Yurub ee Turkey, wada jir ah ula Istanbul. Mararka qaarkood ay ka mid yihiin jasiiradda Cyprus, in view of ay buuna dhaqanka la Greece, laakiin inta badan geographers, weli isagu waa ka fiirsaday sida qeyb ka mid ah Asia.

Qeybtu waxay galeen-hoose Northern Europe

-Gobollada Sub of Northern Europe ayaa sidoo kale soo jeedinaya horyaalka qaybo. Tan waxaa ka mid Fennoscandia, Maraykanka Baltic iyo jasiiradda Northern Europe.

Dhismaha qayb ka yahay Fennoscandia, Finland, Denmark, Sweden iyo Norway. The dambe labada dal ayaa sidoo kale laftiisa go'doonsan Scandinavian-gobolka sub, sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ay juquraafi kaalinta on gacan dhul la mid ah.

dalalka Baltiga - waa Lithuania, Latvia iyo Estonia.

Island Northern Europe - waa Iceland iyo Faroe Islands. Faroe Islands waa hanti ah Denmark, ayaa xukun hoosaad gaar ah.

Yurubta Bari

Waxaan bartay subregions ka baxsan Yurub, waxaa hadda waa wakhtigii si ay u soo noqdaan si ay goobta hore qayb ka mid ah USSR. Haddii xilligii Dagaalkii Qaboobaa ee Bariga Yurub waxaa ka mid ah waddammada oo dhan xerada hantiwadaagga, oo ay ku jiraan Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary iyo Romania, kuwaas oo hadda loo yaqaan Central Europe, hadda qayb ka mid ah gobolka this kaliya gobolka post-Soviet.

sub-gobollada shardiga ah Bariga Yurub waxa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood oo waaweyn: Slavic iyo Caucasian. Kooxdu waxay ugu horeysay ka mid ah Russia, Ukraine, Belarus iyo Moldova. Inkasta oo tan dambe ayaa waxaa ku badan dadka ma aha ee Slavic iyo asal Romanesque, taas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, keliya ayaa xaqiijiyay magaca code of kooxdan waddammada.

kooxaha Caucasian dalka qaybta ugu aan si buuxda, laakiin qayb ahaan oo kaliya in dhulka juquraafi Europe. Khubarada qaar ayaa xitaa u diraan Asia. dalalka Kuwani - waa Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, iyo sidoo kale Jamhuuriyadda qayb ahaan la aqoonsan yahay ee Abkhazia iyo Taiwan and.

Marka laga reebo taagan Kazakhstan, dalalkan oo ay sidoo kale ku jira bari ee webiga Emba of Europe, laakiin on aagga guud ee dalka si ay qayb yar.

UN soocidda

Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira kala soocidda rasmi ah oo ka mid ah gobollada UN ee Europe. Waxaa ka duwan kor ku xusan in kala qaybinaya dhulweynaha waa lama gelin shan qaybood, iyo afar: North, West, Koonfurta iyo Bariga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa wax aan macquul aheyn inuu magacaabo kooxda this laftiisa, kuwaas oo la tixgelinayo oo dhan dhegyadii ee gobolka.

Sida laga soo xigtay this soocidda, waddammada in aanu kor ku xusan waa khusaysaa Central Europe, kala, Galbeed iyo Koonfurta iyo Bariga. Austria, Switzerland iyo Liechtenstein ee West ah, iyo dhammaan dalalka kale marka laga reebo wadamada Yugoslavia - si bariga. Waayo, Bariga Yurub, sidoo kale khuseysaa Bulgaria. Maraykanka ee Yugoslavia hore gudbiyo Koonfurta.

dirka WTO ah

Ururka Dalxiiska World waxay leedahay ay kala soocidda u gaar ah. In siyaabo badan waxay u ekaan ah kala soocidda UN. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, halkii Yurubta Bari, koox la mid ah loo yaqaan bariga iyo badhtamaha Europe.

Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee ka soo kala soocidda UN been in xaqiiqda ah in koox ka mid ah bariga iyo badhtamaha Europe ayaa ka baxay dalka Baltic Nordic lagu wareejiyo, iyo xagga koonfureed - jabin Jamhuuriyadda hore Yugoslav.

taasoo la micno ah kala saaro

Dabcan, kala soocidda kala duwan uusan saamayn ku lahayn gobolka ee hadda jira ee arrimaha. kaliya Waxay kaa caawin in aad abaabuli liiska dalalka waayo, waxaa isaga la jiray shaqada ka raaxo badan.

Isla mar ahaantaana waa in aynaan illoobin soocidda in sida aan weligeed ah, sida ay ku salaysan yihiin oo keliya ma aha on juqraafiga, laakiin sidoo kale on dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed, taas oo kala duwanaan karaan. Waxaa intaa dheer, muddo ka dib, kala duwanaan karaan iyo guud ahaan aqbalay shuruudaha isutagga.