Gabay Junker Lermontov iyo falanqayn kooban

shuqullada Lermontov ee, ku qoran sannadood ayuu dugsiga arday ku qaatay, si dhib leh lagu yaqaan in ay dhagaystayaasha ballaaran. Faahfaahinta naftiisa iyo shaqada muddo this sameeyey ma ay uga wada hadlaan ama xataa in la xasuusto, aan in soo galista xusuusta reer hanad dhalaalayaa suugaanta Ruush. Dhanka kale, waxa ay ahayd markaa in ay qoreen maansadu arday caanka Lermontov! "Goshpital", "Peterhof fasaxa" iyo noocyo ka mid ah style sare "Ulanshu" ma la odhan karaa xataa stretch ah, laakiin si ay u tuur ee dhaxalka ah ee Abwaan ma - uu qaddar arday ah "dheel dheel ah" ayuu yiri sannado badan ka dib.

dhalinyarada tuuraya

Waxbarashada St. Petersburg University, guurka si University Moscow ee, dabadeedna soo noqda dib u St. Petersburg - finan dhaqmo dhalinyarada riixdey. Tuuraya u dhaxeeya hay'adaha waxbarashada ka mid ah laba taaj ayaa soo gabagabeysay waayo calammadoodii Lermontov dugsiga ilaalada iyo arday iyo awr, halkaas oo uu ku qasbay in ay ku sameeyaan 1832. kulanka of xaaladaha, aaminsan Petersburg qaraabada -. iyo hadda M. Lermontov Yu dugsiga arday ah. muddo Romantic nolosha ka soo tageen.

barnaamijka waxbarashada ee arday ee uu iska mashquul, oo lagu daray askari daloolin dhaqmeen xoriyadda jecel nin oo dhallinyaro ka soo jeeda qoysaska hodanka ah kuma jiraan sida ugu fiican - iyo wakhtiga firaaqada dadka dhallinyarada ah oo dhan ugu bixinwaydeen binges caruureed iyo cuslaan. Maalmahan sida damacbadnaan wici lahaa de-stress, sannadihii kuwa soo gunaanadeen dhalinyaro ah oo u tudhay sida ugu badan ee aan, iyo arday loo yeedhay ma aha oo kaliya sida tumaya.

Years of fursadaha ka lumay

Markaasaa ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa qoray at da'da 17 uu gabay cajiib ah marka hore - "Angel", waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd, waxaan halmaamay in mudo ah ku images taataabtay, in uu noqdo sida dadka. Lermontov, inkastoo itaaldarrada muuqata ahaa cajiib ah oo xoog gacmihiisa - uu xootay biraha nadiifinta ul, xirashada guntayaa, kaftan. awood Tani, awood u leh inay si fudud ka koobanahay epigrams garneel, xirfaddaada farshaxan Lermontov caawiyay sumcad ku dhex arday ee ay ku dhiirato. Laakiin waqti isku mid ah, qalcaddii la shaqayn jiray ma u baahan tahay inuu wax kama jiraan ka taataabtay - saaxiibo dalbaday ah gabayo suuqnimo, aan dhab ahayn, oo aan ceeb. Waxay u baahan yahay gabayo arday. Lermontov encyclopedia buuxsameen gelin sannadahaas ahaa gabayada sida. Kuwani "Ulansha", "Peterhof fasaxa", "Goshpital" - ma aha waxaan soo bandhigay ee arday qaawan nolosha dhabta ah. Gacaliye Lermontov, Pushkin sidoo kale ku qoray gabayo saaxiib daacad ah, laakiin waa saaxiib, halka ay tageen Lermontov. Waayo, labadan sannadood baa Abwaan fiican waxba dugsiga abuuray - in uu naftiisa u gaaban si nac weyn lumay wakhti.

Quduuska ah waxaa lagu jees jeesay

In kasta oo ka fog dhaqanka hufan ee arday, daqiiqado qaar ka mid ah taariikh nololeedka ee Lermontov ayaa sheegaya in dadkii ku abtirsan jiray dhiigga oo ka mid ah dadka dhallinyarada ah. Michel jeclaa iyada Abwaan ayeeyadii - E. A. Arseneva - ma u awoodin inuu u dayno. Shaqaaleynta guri u dhow dugsiga, ayay u dhaqaaqay iyada addoonkiisa, oo masuul ka ahayd in toos subax kasta, uu mudane neerfayaasha iyo silica dhowr daqiiqo ka hor u kaca dugsiga in hab loo dulqaadan karin ee xun saameyn ah kuma laha in uu soo gunaanadeen, in ay ku quudiyaan oo dhan cayn kasta oo suxuunta. Qiimeeyeen arday ceeb la'aan gabayo saaxiibo Lermontov ogaayeen Jacayl ayeeyday ee Abwaan, laakiin gundhigga marna ahaa shayga ay jeesi jireen. Cajiib ah, xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya awow iyo ayeeyo ah Junkers dhallinyarada gartay dhow dhow weli a. Saffarro Abwaan, mid ka mid ah oo dhan, ogow in ay kor waalidiinta Lermontov ay ogol yahay naftooda u ciyaaro trick ah ka gaartay ayeeyadii - marnaba.

Burinaya ee qiimaynta casriga ah

Oo barbariyiintiina dugsiga arday ah, kaas oo mustaqbalka fog iyo waxa ay hoos ugu tegey, taariikhda, sababtoo ah waxay soo wada bartay la Lermontov, ka dibna siin qiimaynta u xuub kala duwan ee xiriirka Abwaan ardayda la dhigata fasalka, kala duwan isaga ku tilmaami sida qof. Oo taasuna waa wax raad ah in Lermontov qoray gelin sannadahaas. Waxa uu si cad u qoslay at by dhammaan magacyada qaar ka mid ah weligiis xidhan Aayaadkiisa oo sano gabayo arday uu. iyaga ka mid ah Tizengauzen, oo waxaa ka go'an in ay taabato cinwaanka mid ka mid ah gabayga caanka ah, Shahovsky, Polivanov, Prince Baryatinsky ... Last Nagi gabay! Sidee ayuu u dambi dhaafi kari waayay Lermontov "Goshpital", kaas oo la iska dhaxlo oo amiir ee dugsiga arday ku aqoonsan on the lines soo socda: "Oo adkaanaynin by cabaya khamriga amiir our dabaqa sare didaan, Waxa uu u riixriixan oo xire ah - yimaado qandho, gacmihiisa isagoo u gaar ah ... ". Sheekada oo dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan adventures of Prince xitaa ka yar wacan. In sheekada Baryatinsky, riyoodaan oo ah kulan oo saaxiib la gabadh dhalinyaro ah, oo iyadoo gudcur ah, waxaa khaldin gabadha jir iyo booday on in jaceyl uu samir la'aanta dhallinyaro ah oo dhan. Waa dhib sida taasoo u eg ammaantii bixiyo Prince Junker gabay Lermontov, ayay siin kartaa dhalashada ee uu maanka xusuus daraasadda wadajirka ah.

yiqiin dilaa ah ee dugsiga arday ah

Meel bilowga ah ee 1834 (sheegashada fasalka Lermontov ee ahayd wakhtiga qabowga) ee dugsiga ay go'aansatay in ay daabacaan joornaal lagu qoray "waagu School". Waxa uu soo baxay Arbacada. All todobaadkii qof walba ku qori kartaa waxa uu doonayay, iyo saaray qoraal gacmeedyada uu khaanad loo qoondeeyey mid ka mid ah looxyadiina waxaan ku dhex kuleejo ah. habeenkii arbacada, qoraallada ka mid ah ayaa tolaa Haddana la kor loogu akhriyo. The author ugu caansan ka mid ah "School waaberiga" ahaa, dabcan, Lermontov. Junker gabay Lermontov laga yaabaa in aan la daabacay magazine this, laakiin ka bogagga dugsiga todobaadle ah, waxay ahaayeen fiican u yaqaan in dhammaan arday kuwaas oo wada bartay la Lermontov. qayb kale oo joogto ah si magazine waxay ahayd kale oo aan ahayn Nikolai Martynov ma jiro - habaaray our dilaaga Abwaan weyn.

In uu "Qirashooyinkiisa," taas oo Martynov qoray ka dib markii tallaalka dilaa ah, wuxuu isku dayaa in aan u sharaxno, sababta in Pyatigorsk Lermontov ugu baaqay in ay xafiiltanka ah, sababta ma seegi. Cay iyagii ka dhigay by dugsiga arday ah, oo waxaa naga hadhay ay calaamaddu halkan - Martynov ma illoobi karin kaftanka jir ah isaga qudhiisa on by Abwaan.

Junker isagoo dhibqabayaashooda

Waxaa laga yaabaa in Martynov oo waxay lahaayeen sabab ay xumaadaan by Lermontov, laakiin badan oo dheeraad ah saldhigyadii kuwaas lahaa kuwa magacyada ku xusan in shuqullada Abwaan. magacyadooda waxaa kor ku qoran, laakiin qaar ka mid ah xaqiiqooyinka arday nolol maalmeedka in maansadu maray "ODE in outhouse ah," ka hadlaan kuwa sidooda u ah dhaqanka xitaa dad badan oo ka soo jeeda qoysaska sharaf leh. Haddii shaqada gaaban "Si Tizengauzenu" Lermontov qoray buuga: "Ha VOD isha si languid, wareega ... ma aha toosan, voluptuousness iyo ku xigeenka si ulakac ma qoslay ...", ka "ODE in outhouse ah," Abwaan saraaxad wargeliyaan akhristayaasha ku saabsan caadiga ah ka mid ah wiilasha qaniis yahay . Maxaa arday gabay Lermontov ama gabayo of sano kuwa Bixin waxa la Siiyay la qaybta xigta ee dhaawac Aayaadka? Haddii uu "salaadda Junker" - in ay galeen ururinta a yar oo si rasmi ah loo aqoonsan yahay in kuwa laba sano Lermontov shuqullada suugaanta qoran (with a 1832 in 1834-th) by in Abwaan qaatay dugsiga. Isaga oo gabayo dheel aan waligood laga baahiyay, sababo cad.

Fasir ammaanta ka Nasahanyahay

Haddii Quluubta fasalka qaar ka hagaagaan oo sii kordhaya cay shakhsi, sheekooyinka daacad ah iftiinka kuwa aan magacooda la muuqataa in shuqullada Abwaan, ciyaaray isaga for guud magac xun, iyo siiyey kor u dhimayn in dadkii qalbigiisii gebi ahaanba shisheeye in Abwaan. awowayaashiin Noble waa feejignaadaan in at kubadaha iyo dhaweyntiisa cilmaani ah oo aynaan gabdhahoodana ama naagood Abwaan sharta yimaado dhow - taas oo keentay shisheeya ammaan dugsiga suuqnimo qoraa qoraaga poemok ah "Hero of Our Time" si xun u dhaawacay. Laakiin xitaa muuqaalka on bogagga majaladaha iyo nawaaxigeeda Pechorin aan si dhakhso ah tirtirayaa aragti xun ee maskaxda ee Russia, abuurayna gabay Junker Lermontov. Written on dhimashada gabay Pushkin ee "Dhimashada gabayaa" xoogaa bedelay waayo-aragnimo guud, laakiin ugu dambeyntii soo jeedin ku wajahan aqoonsiga dhabta ah ee Mikhail Yurevich dhammays kaliya ka dib markii la sii daayo "Hero of Our Time". Jiheysteen yihiin sano ah, waxyaabo badan ayaa dhacay ka hor inta nuurka "halmaamay" nacasnimo saw Lermontov.

Ma aha oo kaliya oo ku saabsan nolol maalmeedka

Lermontovedov ku doodaya in gabay cajiib ah "Haji Abrek" iyo sidoo kale mid ka mid ah koob oo ka mid ah "jinku" waxaa lagu qoray oo kaliya in sano ee waxbarasho ee dugsiga arday ah. Saaxiibo, Abwaan u sheegay in marar badan ka dib markii bandow Lermontov u tageen inay fasallada fog oo waxaa jira waqti dheer aamusnaanta iyo kelinimo qoray. Mid ka mid ah uu helo aragti ah in dugsiga joogay laba kala duwan Lermontov: maalinta, waxay ahayd ardayad caadi ah, ma ka duwan boocsadahana kale oo fallaagadii (halkan ka ay poemki dheel), iyo habeenkii waxaa loo bedelay laftiisa galay - khafiif ah, nugul, ka buuxa nasjonalromantiske iyo dareenka qalbiga. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in "Ismail Bey", dib u bilaabey Moscow, ay dhammaadeen oo keliya sannadaha waxbarasho ee dugsiga arday ah. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu bilaabay shaqo ku saabsan sheeko "Vadim", taas oo aan la lifaaqo. Waxaa taaagan in gabayo saraakiisha iyo gabay Lermontov sano ka dib yaraaday ka dhanka ah asalka ah oo shuqullada u huray in ay jecel Caucasus, safarka iyo wareegaysa inay mawduucyo kale oo istaahila in la ixtiraamo.

Aargoosiga, zipped marayo sano ah

Total socday labadii sano ee dugsiga, laakiin ka hor geerida Abwaan kuwa shuqullo daacad ah gabay daba gaddoomaysaan Cidhibtiinii. Sida horeba loo xusay, gabay arday Lermontov ee Waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa nolosha ceebta ah ee dadka aad u dhabta ah. Oo laba nin oo ka mid ah kuwa bartay oo la Abwaan dugsiga, ciyaaray doorkiisa dilaa ah nolosha. Waxaa Martynov (sharaxaad gaar ah halkan siiyey muhiim ma aha) iyo Baryatinsky (uu nacayb Lermontov koray sanadihii la soo dhaafay oo kaliya). Ka qayb qaatay Abwaan jecel this of Caucasus.

Lermontov inta badan soo booqday Pyatigorsk, halkaas oo uu weli ahaa ilmo guriga keenay ayeeyo. Maxay ahayd Baryatinsky in dhawr sano ka dib markii la sii daayo ka dugsiga noqday sirkaalka wax qora beer, taliyaha Caucasus iyo soo dhawaaday Emperor ah, si ay u fahmaan in ay ka dambaysay isaga addoommo faqayaan ku saabsan dhaqanka sharka abid caddeyn caan ah "Goshpitale" ah? Ka dibna waxaa jira iyo Lermontov waqti ka waqti hore ee indhaha la tacaalaan. Dabcan, ciidanka Baryatinsky xooggiisa sida uu waxyeeli kara mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed Abwaan horumarinta. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen dheel dheel ah arday dilaa.

All ugu wanaagsan ee saddexda sano ee la soo dhaafay

Dhismaha oo ka mid ah gabayo hore ee Lermontov, qoraal ah ee sano ee ugu horreeya ee hal-abuurka miyir qabo, iyo style ka duwan oo size. Waxay saamayn la'aan gebi ahaanba qaab iyo tiro badan oo epithets pompous. Markii muddo la joogaba qaar ka mid ah gabayo lagu arki karaa bidhaaminaya of hanad mustaqbalka, laakiin culimada suugaanta aaminsan yihiin in sida ugu fiican ee wax kasta oo loo abuuray by Lermontov, ayaa qoraal ka 1838 in 1841 sano - la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa. Waxbaa gooni loo abuuray in 1831 "Angel" ee 1837th "Death of gabayaa."

In saddexda sano ee la soo dhaafay waxaa jiray "laylis", (siddeedaad) edition ee la soo dhaafay "jinku The", "Hero of Our Time". talanti Lermontov ayaa si degdeg ah u horumarsan. Macna ma laha inta badan uu mustaqbalka ku qoran, haddii aan la toogtay dugsi arday la shaqayn jiray?