Erayada Loan. amaahashada waxaa weeya

The ifafaale erayada amaahatay, kuwaas oo ah erayada ku dhacday mid ka mid luqad kale oo ku habboon sharciyadeeda oo guun ah iyo naxwaha - habka aad u dabiiciga ah.

Waxaa jira luqado taas oo deyn ah waa badan yihiin. Waxaa ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan, luqad Korean, waxaa jira erayo badan oo Shiinaha. Taa baddalkeeda, Chinese, luqadaha Hungarian u muuqdaan in ay hab iyaga u gaar ah si ay u sameeyaan erayo cusub iyo fikradaha. Laakiin waxaa jira luqadda lahayn, taas oo si amaah ah erayada ma jirin at dhan, sababtoo ah waa wax aan macquul aheyn in kale oo ka soo jaraan kiimikaysan isku dad, kalagoynta xiriirka bulsho-siyaasadeed, wada hadalka dhaqanka, iskaashiga dhaqaalaha iyo ganacsiga.

Ayado ah marka "daah bir ah" kala soocay laba nidaam bulsho iyo siyaasadeed ee kala duwan, ee amaahday erayada in English ka Ruush ka iman ee la xidhiidha sahaminta bannaan. Ka dib markii la bilaabay ee ah satellite Earth macmal Yurub kasta caddaatay Ruush erayga "moon." Oo muddada Gorbachev ma u leeyihiin in ay u turjumaan erayga perestroika sida dib u dhiska ah - waxay ahayd cad in ay codka asalka ah.

Ina keena aynu deggan amaahashada waxaa weeya. Waxay dhex gelin galay afka inta badan laba siyaabood: afka iyo bookish.

erayada amaahatay asal Jarmal: Skimmer (shaumloffel) Jack (daumkraft) xir haysa (shraubtsvinge) iyo kuwo kale oo badan ayaa u muuqday in afka Ruush, wada jir ah ula ah ee degsiimooyinka ugu horeysay Jarmal. Waxaa jira wada hadal ah oo u dhexeeya labada dal, iyo erayadii ayaa lagu kala qaado "ka afkayga." Oo play had iyo jeer ma ahaa mid sax ah, oo sanqadha erayga bedelay. Sidaas daraaddeed in erayada Ruush waxaa jiray erayo qalaad oo soo galay wadada afka.

Mararka qaarkood amaahda waa "double", ie isku macno. Erayga "yaanyo" afka Ruushka ka Latin America yimaado. In Talyaani waxaa loo yaqaannaa dalagyada khudradda pomodoro, taas oo macnaheedu yahay "tufaax dahabka". erayada Labada amaahatay waxaa loo isticmaalaa afka Ruush isku macno.

erayada amaah badan oo ku jira mid ka mid ah ama buug luqad kale by yihiin Greek ama Laatiin in ay eray. In isticmaalaya erayga "horumar", "dugsiga sare", "dastuurka", "democracy", waxaan aadan u malayn in ku saabsan asalka. La yaab ma laha jiro sida kaftan ah luqadda: "Ha ku hadlo Greek, aad kaliya ma oga aad.!"

Si kale amaahan erayo shisheeye - baafinta warqad. Marka la barbardhigo hab hore ee amaahda si toos ah, waxay khuseysaa aan toos ahayn oo waa nuqul ah saxda ah ee erayada qalaad ee morphemes (ie qeybo ka weyn). Tusaale ahaan: Dhismaha - Dhismaha (by samada - "samada" + nadiifin - "xoqo"), macnayaal badan - baafinta ka Giriigga - polysemy (poly - "badan" + Sema - "qiimaha") (English.).

Noocan oo kale ah xilli luqadda, sida kiis, waa nuqul ka Latin. Laakiin duwan ka curyaamiyaa derivational hore u soo sheegnay, this baafinta semantic ah, oo la xidhiidha macnaha erayga. Kasus (case Laata.) - waxaa laga cadent falka - dayrta). khubaro Baydka naxwaha kiiska goostay isbedelka foomka of erayga sida "iska soo dhacaya" ka dhulka.

Haddii qarnigii 20 waa qarnigii of sahaminta bannaan, qarnigii 21aad - Zaman ee horumarinta meel bannaan oo dalwaddii. boodboodi la yaabka leh ee horumarinta technology computer qeyb ka ah ee dhammaan luqadaha erayada English dunida oo dhan.

Words ka Ingiriisi amaahatay, maraan nooca geedi socodka ka mid ah la qabsashada afka Ruush. kelmedo xafidaada, ay dhawaqa iyo naxwe ahaan modified.

Haddii aad qaadato eray sida "Microsoft", waa amaahashada toos ah. Oo erayga "Borg" - baafinta dhamaystirnayn kajan ah.

Fal "juzat" (isticmaalka la isticmaalo), "chatitsya" (chat-chat), "gujinaya" (guji-riix) qaadataa foomka of lahayn Ruush. Waxaa ku haboon in laga hadlo ah ee intuu wadhfiyey. Laakiin tani waa arrin kale oo luqadeed.

Waa in la ogaadaa in u dhexeeya erayada qalaad iyo borrowings uu jiro farqi u. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa jira eray Romania oo casri ah "Securitate" - amniga, laakiin inkastoo this, in ammaanka isticmaalka caadiga ah naxwaha Ingiriisi aan isbedel. Dhab ahaantii, waxa la gelinayaa eray shisheeye in amaahda ma aha.