DHCP - waxa uu yahay waxan? Configuring DHCP, iyo xulashada habka qaabeynta. Sidee si ay awood ama gab DHCP ah?

Waxa si fiican loo yaqaan in qalabka network kasta, waxaa computer ah, laptop, kaniini ama telefoon ahaan, waa in ay leeyihiin a id gaar ah email - IP-address, iyo sidoo kale-beegyada uu set hoosaasin, albaab, iyo xogta ku saabsan DNS server-. Cinwaanka interface shabakad marka si deg deg ah ku xiran ee isku dayda in ay ka hesho qalab gaar ah, kaas oo ku hawlan qaybinta cinwaanada automatic. Haddii qalabka sida ma aha, ka dibna user waa inuu gacanta galaan goobaha shabakada. Haddii shabakadda leedahay wax badan oo ka mid ah kombiyuutarada, waxaa laga yaabaa in khaladaadka ku jira cinwaanada qabashada iyo nuqul, taasoo keentay in lagu guulaysan waayay in nidaamka iyo hoos qaab network. In network guriga, ay ka maqan yihiin ah cinwaanada qaybiyo si toos ah u leeyihiin in ay iska diiwaan goobaha shabakadda gacanta on qalab kasta oo isku xidha, tusaale ahaan, in router ah. Ma user kasta oo uu leeyahay aqoon ku filan iyo waayo-aragnimo in ay si sax ah u beddeli goobaha kuwan. Sidaa darteed, guriga, dadka isticmaala aad u tiro badan ay isku dayaan in ay si toos ah qaybinta ee cinwaanada, waa in la geeyo server DHCP ah.

DHCP - waxa uu yahay waxan?

Ina keena aynu baari su'aashan. Si looga fogaado khaladaadka, martigeliyaha Dynamic haggaajin (DHCP) maamuuska la fuliyo leh cinwaanka. Tani waa muujinta ah in ay bixisaa goobaha network qaybinta firfircoon xiri doona mashiinada macmiilka. Haddii qalabka in xulashada goobaha waa "ka server DHCP a hesho IP-address kaliya" iyo DHCP karti, markaas masuuliyadda oo dhan, waayo, goobaha network sax ah oo ku saabsan kombiyuutarada macmiilka loo soo diray DHCP-server. Tani waxay si weyn u yaraynaysaa kharashka taageerada iyo maamulka network, iyo sidoo kale ka caawiyay in ay ka fogaadaan khaladaadka ku jira qaybinta cinwaanada. Adeegga, oo ay ku jiraan DHCP, si toos ah bilaabataa marka aad gaadho on qalab kasta oo taageera interfaces network St Paul ama wireless by default. Tusaale ahaan, looxa ama telefoonka waa ku filan tahay in ay ka mid Wi-Fi iyo qalabka la helay, qaybinta internet, oo uu ka heli waxayna ku xiraan in ay. Xaaladdan oo kale, qaybinta si toos ah cinwaanada IP tiraa daba yaac iyo, sidaas awgeed, waxay ka caawisaa in ay ka fogaadaan colaadaha network.

Sidee qaybinta cinwaanada

Inta lagu guda jiro isku xirta qalab kasta oo si network la baahiyey codsi gaar ah u diraya shabakadda si ay u ogaato fursadaha dealer in DHCP server on network ah. Tani waa waxa server a tahay iyo waxa ay tahay muhiim, waayo, network weyn? Sidaas daraaddeed waxaa loo bixiyey qalab in mas'uul ka yahay in kombiyuutarada qaybinta cinwaanada on network si toos ah iyaga ka codsan in ay macaamiisha kala duwan. Haddii mid ka mid ah server joogo, waxay abuurtaa baakadda jawaabayo codsi macmiilka, kaas oo ka mid noqon kara goobaha sida cinwaanka IP, maaskaro subnet, oo xuduudaheedu albaab, cinwaanada DNS-server, magaca domain, iyo D. sidaas on., Oo Dira baakadda si ay qalab macmiilka . Macmiilku waxa uu helo signal xaqiijin ka server DHCP ah. The baakadda xogta ahbaa waa jaango'an, sidaa daraadeed waxa decrypt karaan iyo sida loo isticmaalo shiidaa nidaamka hawlgalka kasta.

Beegyada uu soo saaray server in ay qalabka macmiilka ayaa ku koobnayn taariikhda uu dhacayo configurable, taas oo uu leeyahay ay magaca - "waqtiga kirada". Cinwaanada soo saaray in server waa la falanqeeyay kulanka la cinwaanka hadda waqti kirada dhicin, sidaas yaac iyo cinwaanka la tirtiro. mudada kirada ah waxaa inta badan ku riday yar - dhawr saacadood ilaa 4-6 maalmood. Mudadaas ka dib, qalabka celin codsiga in server iyo helo cinwaanka la mid ah (haddii la heli karo), ama wax kasta oo la heli karo.

qaabeynta macmiilka for qaabeynta network si toos ah in Windows

Si macmiilka helay goobaha network jawaab ka DHCP, waxaad u baahan tahay si aad u hubiso ah goobaha yar ee computer ee Control Panel (lagaga wada hadlay in ay tusaale nidaamka qalliinka Windows). Si arrintan loo sameeyo, u tag bilow, ka dibna - in Panel Control (oo aad rabto in ay u baddashaan view classic) oo dooro "Connections Network." Doorashada xidhiidh shabakad, kaas oo la qorsheeyay in ay la shaqeeyaan DHCP, guji u button mouse xaq iyo u tag "Properties" item. Daaqadda in furay, tag Guryaha ee maamuuska Internet ee TCP / IP. DHCP - waxa uu yahay waxan? Waa in ay helaan goobaha network si toos ah. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaannu dabaal dhibcood fursadaha ay si toos ah loo helo IP-address iyo DNS. Ka dib markii aad xulashada, guji "OK". DHCP qaabeynta la dhamaystiro on macmiilka. Haddaba qalabka heli doontaa cinwaanka ah ka DHCP-server si toos ah markii Windows bilaabo.

DHCP configuring in Windows 7 waxa lagu xiraa la mid ah, laakiin meel ka mid ah sifooyinka adapters waa wax yar ka Windows XP kala duwan. Just tag Bilow - Control Panel - Maamulka Network iyo Sharing Center. Dooro "Change goobaha adabtarada" doorasho ee menu bidix. Markaas - la mid ah si kor ku xusan, sida laga soo xigtay goobaha Windows XP.

Dejinta qaybinta si toos ah cinwaanada ee nidaamyada kale ee ka hawlgala

On qalabka Linux- ama Android ku shaqeeya oo xidhiidh la leh ka DHCP-server geeyay jiro network dhibaato. Mid ka mid ah waxay u baahan tahay oo kaliya in ay ka mid interface a network (banki ama wireless), sug ilaa dhaafsiga xogta lagu qabtay dhexeeya qalab iyo server DHCP iyo xaqiijiyo in goobaha network waxaa lagu helay oo si guul leh ku dalbatay. adeegga DHCP on dhowaad qalabka oo dhan waa la suurtageliyay default.

Haddii xidhiidhka aanay dhicin, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si uu u hubiyo xaaladda cinwaanada soo dhaweynta si toos ah. Tusaale ahaan, on Android, nidaamka qalliinka for this, tag Settings - Network Besprovodnyve - Settings Wi-Fi - Intaa waxaa dheer, iyo in la hubiyo in xulashada "in la isticmaalo ma guurto ah IP-address" waa naafo ah.

Data DHCP kala qaado

Options DHCP - dalabyo kuwaas oo lagu kala qaado ka server macmiilka. All argument kala iibsiga, kuwaas oo u kala qaybsan yihiin qaybaha. Waxaa jira doorasho khasab ah, tusaale ahaan IP-address iyo maaskaro subnet. Waxaa nenastraivaemye fursadaha adeeg in ay yihiin, tusaale ahaan, waxay muujinayaan bilowgii iyo dhammaadka ee ikhtiyaarka baakadka kala qaado. At fursadaha asaasiga ah ay - a labo-labo-muhiimka ah qiimaha caadiga ah oo la arki karo iyo siyaasadda ammaanka dhigay.

beegyada uu Key in baakadda DHCP ah, marka laga reebo IP-address iyo maaskaro waa 3 (Kaddinadda), 6 (Name Domain server), 44 (server Name NBT), 46 (NBT Noode Type). Kooxda goobaha Kuwanu, in uu yahay, waxay yeelan karaan dhowr macne. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa laga yaabaa in dhowr cinwaanada Albaabo ama DNS server-. qiimaha xulashada waxaa lagu qaybiyay in qaabeynta DHCP-server ka.

goobaha DHCP on server

Ka hor inta configuring goobaha, waxaad u baahan tahay in la sameeyo dhowr xisaabaha oo ka mid ah fursadaha ugu muhiimsan ee DHCP. Waa maxay in aad fursado kale ah? - Waxaad weydiisan. Xulashada - waa dhan goobaha network, kaas oo lagu kala qaado ka server si macmiilka. Labada fursadaha ugu muhiimsan - wareejiyay baxay kala duwan oo ka mid ah cinwaanada iyo maaskaro subnet. kala duwan oo dhan cinwaanada ururka badi u kala baxa qaybaha dhowr hawlaha kala duwan, sida isgaarsiinta, cinwaanada server ma guurto ah, iyo wixii la mid ah. Waayo, cinwaanada ma guurto ah aan ku lug lahaa gacanta, la abuuro culays dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan server ka, ee safafka cinwaanada lagu wareejin karaa xadka. Tusaale ahaan, marka duwan qalliinka 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254 kartaan cinwaanka 1 ilaa 10 si loo ogaado isgaadhsiinta, 11 ilaa 30 - ee server iyo DHCP in ay doortaan kala duwan ee ka 31 si ay u 254. Taasi waa, cinwaanka server kasta oo soo saartay macmiilka, Waxaa la jiifsan doonaa oo keliya kala duwan this. Waxa kale oo aad habayn galay siinta kala duwan oo ka mid ah cinwaanka laga reebo kartaan, iyo waxay, sidoo kale, ma la qaybiyey qalabka macmiilka.

Next, ka hor inta aadan reserved server DHCP ah, waa in aad go'aan ka doorashada weli ku siin doonaa. Ma loo baahan yahay in la qaybiyo, tusaale ahaan, ku soo koobin ee albaab ama DNS. Ka dib markii xogta this waxaa galay on server ka, iyo bilaabataa server ay hawshooda ay bilaabataa qaybinta cinwaanada.

Home DHCP-server

Housing sida DHCP-server inta badan isticmaalaan router, kuwaas oo laga helay bixiyaha content a qaybinta technology guriga - kombiyuutarada, laptops, teleefonada, telefishannada iyo qalabka kale ee ku xiran shabakadda hab St Paul ama wireless. Tani waxay abuurtaa wax u eg server dalwaddii, ganacsadaha la hadlaya dadka isticmaala. From ka baxsan waxa ay u muuqataa sida haddii user ah u furay mid ka mid computer ah bogagga yar ee browser ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, dhab ahaantii, router mid kaliya ku xiran network dibadda. Tani waxay si weyn u badbaadin karo tirada khadadka ku xiran.

Aasaasidda si toos ah wax ka qabashada on router ah

Si aad rights reserved qaybinta si toos ah cinwaanka qalabka guriga aad u baahan tahay in ay ku xidhmaan router in ay computer (laptop) cable network ah. In browser kasta oo qoray cinwaanka router ah (sida caadiga ah 192.168.0.1). beerta la soo jeediyey codsi login iyo password geli default «admin» (oo inta badan xogta ku qeexan buuga hawlgalka ee router ah). Sidaas darteed, menu arki doonaa goobaha router ee. Waxaan u tag Forums ama Network Lan (magaca kala duwanaan karaan) oo la helo-menu hoosaadka leh goobaha DHCP ah. Sidee baan ku cinwaanada router soo jeedin qaybinta? Just sax khadadka awood DHCP iyo reboot router ah.

Configuring router DHCP

Haddii goobaha default ma ku habboon, waxaad bedeli kartaa oo xuduudaheedu qaabeynta. In menu isku halkaas oo aanu ku darnay function cinwaanka qaybinta, waxaad geli kartaa kala duwan oo ka mid ah qaybinta IP-cinwaanada, sida 192.153.0.1 - 192.153.0.3. Waayo, shaqada waxaad cayimi kartaa cinwaanada laba kaliya, tusaale ahaan, laptop ah iyo telefoonka gacanta. Tani waxay ku xadidayaa tirada qalabka waafaqsan, taas oo wax xidhiidh ah oo aad u fudud ilaaliyo.

Next, reserved albaab (Gataway). Tani IP-address qalabka kaas oo aaladaha internet. Sida caadiga ah, doorashooyinkan waa la mid ah sida ku-IP address of router ah.

Isagoo Abuuray goobaha asaasiga ah, waa in aad iyaga ku badbaadin iyo guuleysatey router ah. Isla markii goobaha qeybtii hirgalin doono.

Ka hor inta aadan gab DHCP, waa inaad hubisaa in qalab aad leedahay cinwaan ma guurto ah ka dhigi. Si aad u gab baahida loo qabo in si toos ah loo qaybiyo in ka ikhtiyaarka DHCP ee goobaha router saari sumadda jeegga, badbaadin isbedel iyo reboot qalabka.