Dayrta ee River Amur ka soo isha afkeedii

webiga ugu weyn ee Degmada Far Eastern - Amur. Sida laga soo xigtay xuduudaheedu ay biyaha u taagan meel 4aad ka mid ah 10 Wabiyaal Ruush ugu weyn. Ka hor isaga oo kaliya umuliya, Yenisei iyo Lena, oo tan iyo xagga koonfureed oo reer Siberia ee badda Ocean Arctic ku qubanayo. Taas bedelkeeda, Amur doortay balli kala duwan - Pacific, iyo socodka xagga galbeed iyo bari. Biyomareenka bilaabmaa Transbaikalia bannaanka ah oo buurta ka soo biirto reer Shilka iyo Argun. Lahaanshaha 2824 km, biyaha webiga Amur ku shubtay galay Badweynta Pacific oo u dhow magaalada Nikolaevsk-on-Amur, iskala xeebta ah ee Strait Tataarka. Meesha biyo qabatinka ah ee berkedda weysada webiga ee 1855 sq.km. ah The dayrta iyo jiirada River Amur waxay ku xiran tahay dhul, waayo, waa buurta sare, in Hoose - guri.

marka la eego biyaha

hantida of socodka biyaha dushiisa dhiiran waxaa ka muuqata marka la eego sida dayrta iyo dhaadhaca gaadhya webiga. Waayo, go'aan ka soo baxay oo xuduudaheedu waa lagama maarmaan in la ogaado u sarreeya ee dusha (laayeen) ee dhibcood loo qoondeeyey iyo therebetween fog qiyaasay weheliyaan meesha biyomareenka ah. Watermarks waxaa lagu qeexaa inta u dhaxaysa biyo ugu hooseeya taagan - biyo yar yahay.

Fall River - ka badan heerka ugu hooseeya ee barta uu ku yaalaa kheyraad. Qiyaasay in unugyada toosan oo dhererkeedu yahay - in mitir ama sentimitir.

dhaadhaca webiga - xisaabiyaa qiimaha tirsi go'aamiyo qeybtu waxay of River dhacdooyinka ku saabsan oo dhererkiisu u dhexeeya qodobada lagu qeexay. Muujiyeen sida ‰ - per mil (kun tirada) ama% (boqol meelood).

Muujiyeen eexda River formula aan = H1 - H2 / L, kuna waari dhexdeeda,

I - riverbed jiirada gaadhya% ama ‰;

H1 - heerka sumadda webiga ugu sareysa qeexay m qeybta ah;

H2 - isku mid, meesha ugu hooseysa, m,

L - dhererka webiga dhexeeya dhibcood ku qeexan mitir ama kiilomitir.

Dhibic Full webiga - farqiga u quruxsan ee isha iyo afka. Waxba ma ahan waxa ay noqon doontaa barta - oo qaraabo ah ama buuxda.

River eexda celcelis ahaan - natiijada qaybintii dhibic guud ee dhererkeedu wuxuu guud ahaan.

By qiimaha jeedi webiga, aad go'aan ka gaari kara nooca waxaa iska leh. Wabiyada buurta lagu gartaa leexashooyinkaasi weyn ka tobanaan sentimitir in dhowr tobanaan mitir qiyaasay. Waayo, leexashooyinkaasi yar Caraabaah, qiyaasay in sentimitir. Waxaa calaamad xawaare socodka eexda ee biyaha webiga.

The webiga Amur

Dhaca tan iyo bilowgii ilaa afka waa 304 m tirada Tani -. Farqiga u dhexeeya Acraafku afka (0 m - heerka badda) iyo il webiga.

Bilow Cupid - milmaan of Shilka la Argun ah. . Dusha Stamp markan la wadataa 53 degrees 21.5 daqiiqadii waa 304 m Sayidka, dhibicda guud ee webiga Amur noqon lahaa: 304 - 0 = 304 m.

Ogaanshaha dhererka webiga oo dhici heli celcelis ahaan jiirada gaadhya ee meesha biyomareenka ah, waa loo siman yahay si:

I = 304/2824 = 0.107 ‰ fekrado ama 0,11 ‰.

Taas macnaheedu waxa weeye in ku xiran tahay jihada taas oo ay u guuraan (by gobollada ama map), halkii dhererka kiiloomitir ee dusha heerka biyaha webiga waxaa izmenyaeetsya 11 cm. Haddii dhaqdhaqaaqa geysto, dhibic ee River Amur la hoos kiiloomitir kasta 11 cm. Laakiin tani waa qiimo qiyaas, sida haddii meesha biyomareenka ku qubanayo oo ay la socdaan dusha sare xagal la mid ah rabitaan.

Dhab ahaantii, xaaladaha sida waayo, durdurradii dunida aanu jirin meel kasta. Channel saareen xaalado geomorphological kala duwan. Waxay saamayn tirayn argument iyo jiirada dhacaysa, xitaa inta lagu jiro mid ka mid ah webiga.

3 qaybood (ganaax), taas oo ku xidhan ee dhul iyo nooca il socodka u qaybsan yahay Cupid. Fall iyo dhaadhacyadii ee Upper, Dhexe iyo Amur Hoose oo kala duwan.

sare Amur

Isha of bilowday uu ka kulanka oo ka mid ah Argun iyo Shilka. Dhig dhibic maagganaa xeebta bari ee jasiiradda ku laayeen Mad calaamadeeyay 304 m ee dhamaadka aqbalay. Af webiga Zeya - addoon bidix, taas oo la barwaaqaysan at 1936 km afka Amur ka. Sidaas awgeed, dhererka 888 km ee Amur Hoose. Sare u qaadid barbareeyay iyadoo qiimaha 125 m. Dhaca River Amour iyo jiirada degaanka oo intaasu waxay ahayd 179 m iyo 0.2 ‰ siday u kala horreeyaan. Character qulquli dhow durdurka buurta - xawaaraha socodka waa celcelis ahaan 1.5 m / s. width ee channel ee biyo yar ka 420 m ilaa 1 km.

Amur Dhexe

dhibcood Shirqoolkii waxaa ku koobnayn: durdur sare - r.Zei afka (Blagoveshensk) la height calaamad 125 m, hooseysa - afka Ussuri (y s.Kazakevichevo) - height dhererka qayb laayeen of 41 m - 970. Km. Amur River Fall halkan waa 84 m, iyo jiirada (84/970) 0,086 ‰. Taas macnaheedu waxa weeye sarreeya hoose ayaa qarka 8.6 cm ilaa 1 km webiga. xawaaraha socodka 5.5 km / h ama 1, 47 m / s. width Channel ka 530 si 1170 m.

Amur hoose

Go'aaminta masaafada u dhexeysa dhibcood on webiga - 966 km (afka Amur in ay kulanka isaga in Ussury loogasoo). Acraafku: dhibic sare - 41 m, hoose - heerka badda 0 m waxaa loola jeedaa in dhibicda webiga Amur ee aagga this - 41 m jiirada - 0.042 ‰ ... Heerka socodka ee socodka yar yahay 0,9 m / s, at biyo sare si ay 1.2 m / s. width ee channel - 2 km (meelaha) ilaa 11 km, iyo afka - ilaa 16 km.

Maamulkii biyaha webiga

Amur lagu gartaa kobcinta biyaha sare oo dheer celcelis faniinkaba sanadlaha 403 cubic km, heerka socodka celcelis ahaan afka 12800 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran / s.

sahayda Main xoog (ilaa 80% ka mid ah socodka) - xagaaga iyo dayrta roob wanaagsan. The haray 20% isagoo saamiga of dhalaalid iyo dhulka, in boqolkiiba qiyaastii siman.

Meltwater quudin webiga laga bilaabo Abriil ilaa May, si daadka fidiyey iyo mugga yar oo socodka ma keeno kor u qaada heerka sare. muddo Daadka waxaa inta badan sannad ka sannad waa in July-August. Wakhtigan, mararka qaarkood xisaabiyenimo 75% ka mid ah taabashada faniinkaba sannadlaha ah.

heerarka hooseeya marka loo eego calaamadaha (biyo yar) lagama maarmaan ah in la ogaado in daadkii iyaga ka badnayn 10-15 m in il sare iyo kuwa dhexe, iyo geysto - ilaa 6-8 m sababta roobab culus oo soo daata Dhexe iyo Amur Hoose 25 km iyo heerarka sare ee la hadhay. on meelaha daadadku ilaa 70 maalmood.

-Maalin Multi roobabka monsoon ee August 2013 keeney fatahaado musiibo ku jira xeedhada Amur ah, daad, degsiimooyinka aadanaha iyo dhul beereed.

Summer biyo yar ka dib markii uu ka lumay oo ka mid ah "xidid" oo biyo ah (snowmelt ee buuraha) - dhamaadka June. Dayrta - dabayaaqadii September-October hore. Debcinta-up dhacdaa dabayaaqadii October - hore November. Furitaanka barafka - tobanka maalmood ee ugu horreeya April iyo May ka dib.