Carruurta Mayakovsky, oo ay qaddar

Vladimir Mayakovsky, caan ah ma ahan oo keliya in ay tayo gabay cajiib ah, laakiin sidoo kale heybad awood leh, taas oo mar ka qarxay ay qalbiyo badan dumar. Dad badan oo tixaha hindiga iyo hiwaayadaha labadaba ay calaamaddu ku hadhay aayaadka Abwaan, oo waxay dhashay nin oo dhab ah. Carruurta Mayakovsky - taasi waa mid ka mid ah arrimaha ugu weyn ee cilmi Biography Abwaan. Waa kuwee dhaxla ka hadla oo ka hanad weyn? Imisa carruur Mayakovsky, sida ay qaddar?

nolosha Personal Abwaan

Vladimir Mayakovsky ahaa mid aad u soo jiidasho badan, xariif ah iyo nin qurux badan. Ka hor inta uu la dalooliyo, garaacid xaq qalbiga indhaha ha hor istaagina yaabaa dhowaad naag kasta. Sidaas daraaddeed taasu waxay mar walba waxa ku wareegsan dadkii badnaa ka mid ah taageerayaasha, oo wuxuu si fudud isku tuuray badda jacaylka iyo kacsi xaaraan. Waxaa la og yahay in gaar ah, dareen diiran oo Jacayl ah ayaa ku xidhan oo la Lily Brik, laakiin waxa aan ku xaddidnayn in ay xamaasad dumarka kale. Sidaas daraaddeed, hindiga la Elizavetoy Lavinskoy iyo Elizavetoy Zibert (Elli Dzhons) ayaa noqday inta badan khaas ah gabayaa ah, had iyo jeer mashquulin Misbaax uu xusuusta iyo dhaxalka.

su'aasha ah dhaxalka

Carruurta Mayakovsky, oo ay qaddar - su'aashan soo sara kacay gaar ahaan maratay ka dib dhimashadii gabayaa ee. Dabcan, gabayo, qorkiisa ah saffarro, qorada, warqado, diiwaanka documentary yihiin kuwo aad u qaali ah oo taariikhda suugaanta Ruush, balse su'aasha ka sii weyn oo farcankaaga iyo dhaxal ahaan.

Continued xasuusta nool iyo taariikhda ka hadla oo u cajiib ah ay yihiin caruur Mayakovsky, gudubyadaas qarsoon, shaki iyo qalad. Lilia Brik muu haysan karin carruurta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cilmi-yihiin 99% ku kalsoonahay in dhaxla Abwaan ugu yaraan laba. Oo waxay ka laba haween kala duwan ee qaaradaha kala duwan yimid. Tani waxay ina Gleb-Nikita Lavinsky iyo gabadhiisa Patricia Thompson.

Muddo dheer, macluumaadka iyaga ku saabsan lama shaacin, iyo faahfaahinta sheekooyinka ay dad ku dhow ogtihiin dhalashada. Haddaba carruurta ee Mayakovsky (waxaa photos iyo waraaqaha ay ku kaydsan ee archives museum) - waa qoraal ah oo ka mid ah xaqiiqda.

ina

Iyada oo ka shaqeeya ee "Windows ee Growth" (1920) Vladimir Mayakovsky la kulmay artist ah Lily (Elizabeth) Lavinskaya. Oo in kastoo waqti waxay ahayd gabadh guursatay, taas oo aan iyada joojiyay si aad u hesho Abwaan qurxoon iyo burjiga faraxsanahay. Oo midhaha of xiriirka, kuwaas oo ahaa ina helay magaca double Gleb-Nikita. Waxa uu ku dhashay August 21, 1921, oo waxaa lagu diiwaan geliyay waraaqaha hoos magaca Antona Lavinskogo, ninkaaga hooyadiis rasmiga ah ee. Wiil The Gleb, Nikita ayaa had iyo jeer loo yaqaan kii aabbihiis noolaha. Oo weliba, inkastoo la'aanta ah ee dareenka aabanimo (carruurta Vladimira Mayakovskogo ma qaadan, kuwaas wuxuu ka cabsaday), uu si qoto dheer u jeclaaday Abwaan, oo ka da 'yar wuxuu akhriyeyey gabayo uu.

nolosha

Nikita nolol-Hleb ma ahayn mid sahlan. waalidiinta wiilka nool yihiin ilaa saddex sano ku soo koray ee caruurta agoonta ah. Waayo, aragtida bulshada this meesha ugu wanaagsan si kor loogu qaado carruurta iyo bar in ay kooxda ahayd. About aabbihiis u gaar ah Gleb xasuus yar Nikita-dhawray. Inta badan ka dib uu u sheegi doono gabadheeda yar Elizabeth on mid gaar ah oo shirka, marka Mayakovsky qabsadeen garbihiisa, u baxay inuu balakoonka iyo isaga akhri gabayo uu.

ina Mayakovsky lahaa a dhadhan farshaxan aad u wanaagsan oo dhegta ugu wayn ee music. In 20 sano Gleb, Nikita la odhan jiray horteeda. All War Great Patriotic, wuxuu ahaa askari caadi ah. Iyada dabadeedna wuxuu guursaday markii ugu horeysay.

Ka dib markii ku guuleystay in 1945 oo ahaa ina Mayakovsky galay Institute Surikov, waxayna Noqdeen a sculptor si fiican u yaqaan. The shuqulkiisa ugu weyn iyo Sharaf - a taallo Ivanu Susaninu in Kostroma (1967).

Gleb-Nikita Lavinskii dhintay June 14, 1986.

la mid ah ayaa la aabbihiis

In 1965, aqoon-isweydaarsiga ee sculptor ku Gleb-Nikita Lavinsky booqday suugaanta E. Guskov. Wuxuu waxaa lagu dhuftay eg nin la Vladimir Mayakovsky, uu si qoto dheer, cod yar yahay, cayn oo akhriya gabayada sida iska Abwaan.

Wiilka aabbe non-hooyo Anton Lavinsky ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa xusuusin ah oo nool oo soo jiidashada iyo khiyaanay naagtiisa. Waxaa laga yaabaa in, sidaas darteed, adeer, abti iyo xiriirka ahaa quruxsan qabow. Laakiin la saaxiibin Mayakovsky ahaa, on lid ku ah, a yaab diiran oo xoog badan. archives Family lagu hayaa sawiro badan oo ka marag furaa in this.

hoosaad The American

In bartamihii 1920-in xiriirka ka dhexeeya Mayakovsky iyo Liliey Brik waxaa jiray isbedel xagjirka ah, oo dhab ahaan xaaladda siyaasadeed ee Russia wakhtigaas waxaa ku adag tahay Abwaan kacaan. Tani waxa ay ahayd sababta uu safar Mareykanka, halkaas oo uu si ballaadhan kormeeray, booqashada saaxiib siedmeho Burlyuka. Waxaa uu kula kulmay haajirad a Ruush Elli Dzhons (magaca dhabta ah - Elizabeth Siebert). Waxay ahayd saaxiib la isku halayn karo, saaxiibka soo jiidasho iyo turjumaan isaga u waddan shisheeye.

novel Tanina waxa ay noqotay mid aad u muhiim ah Abwaan. Waxa uu xitaa si dhab ah doonaya in ay is guursadeen, abuuro dekad deji qoyska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, jacaylka jirka (Lily Brik) uma ay oggolaan isagii, falalkooda oo dhan si degdeg ah la qaboojiyey. A June 15, 1926 Elli Dzhons dhashay gabadh gabayaa ee - Patricia Thompson.

Waqtiga dhalashada, gabadhii la siiyey magaca Helen Patrisiya Dzhons. Magac ka ninkeeda hooyadiis haajirad ee George Jones dhaxlay. Waxay ahayd lagama maarmaan in ilmaha la oran karo sharci ah oo joogto dalka Mareykanka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa qarsoon ee dhalashada badbaadiyey inanta. carruurta laga yaabo in ay Mayakovsky markaas heli karto hoos cadaadis by NKVD oo ugu Lily Brik.

qaddar

About kan aabbaha dhabta ah, Helen, Patricia bartay sagaal sannadood. Laakiin macluumaadkan ayaa ku hadhay qarsoon qoys oo ahaa ma heli karo si ay dadweynaha muddo dheer. Gabadha ayaa dhaxlay tayo hal abuur aabbihiis. At 15 jir, ayay ku qoran ee College of Art, ka dib markii taas oo uu ku helay editor shaqo ee majaladda "Macmillan" a. Waxaa ay sameyso dib u eegis ah oo filimada iyo cajalado music, edit, westerns, sheekooyin sayniska, sheekooyinka Baare. Waxa intaa dheer in hawlaha iyo daabacaadda, Helen, Patricia shaqeeyay sida macallin, qoray kitaabka.

In 1954, gabadhii Mayakovsky ayaa guursaday Wayne American ah Thompson, iyo iyada Magaca awoowe bedelay inuu ka tago qaybta labaad ee magac double - Patricia. 20 sano ka dib, lamaanahan furay.

Patricia Thompson (ama Elena Vladimirovna Mayakovskaya) dhinteen April 1, 2016.

Shirkii aabbihiis

Marka Patricia ahaa saddex jir ah, iyadu waa markii ugu horeysay oo keliya oo la kulmay aabbahay. Warka of dhalashada gabadheeda aad ugu farxay Mayakovsky, laakiin ma uu helin fiiso Maraykanka. Laakiin on ogolaanshaha safar suurtagashay in ay hesho in France. Waxay ahayd halkaas, ee Nice, oo la seexday gabadheeda Elli Dzhons. Patricia u yeedhay Volodya, oo isagu ma uu xajin ku yidhi, "gabadh" iyo "wadiiqo yar". Aan weli garanayn, kuwaas oo ka hor iyada, gabadha weli lagu hayaa xusuus diiran oo jeclaan shirka this.

ayeeyo

Carruurta Mayakovsky, oo ay qaddar - waa cutubka gaar ah ee taariikhda Abwaan hanad. Haddaba iyagu waxay leeyihiin, nasiib darro, mar dambe waa nool yahay. Laakiin xusuusta reer line sii caruur iyo farac.

Waxaa la og yahay in hubaal ina Mayakovsky - Gleb, Nikita - ayaa guursaday saddex jeer. From guurka wuxuu lahaa afar carruur ah (laba wiil iyo laba gabdhood). ina-dhashay First la magacaabay in sharaf of gabayaa ee aabbihiis, Vladimir, iyo gabadhii ka yar - in sharaf of hooyada - Elizabeth. Carruurta Mayakovsky tegey talaabadii awoowe ah oo noqday abuuray sharfay (sculptors, rinjiileyaasha, macalimiinta). Warbixin ku saabsan sida ay xaaladdoodu soo bandhigay halkii yar oo ka gaarto. Waxaan ognahay oo kaliya in awow weynaa Abwaan samigiisa ah (Vladimir) ku dhintay 1996, iyo maayso haysta workshop farshaxanka ah ee carruurta. Rhode Mayakovsky sii shan dhaleen Gleb-Nikita (Ilya, Elizabeth, Michael, Alexander iyo Riyaale). Ilya Lavinskii muhandas, Elizabeth - artist ee tiyaatarka iyo filimada.

About Patricia Thompson Macluumaad loogu talagalay bulshada Ruush ka hor 1990 waxa la xiray. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, caddaynta qaraabonimo la Abwaan caan muuqday su'aal macquul ah kuna imannin. Carruurta Mayakovsky gabadhiisii? Sida ka leexatay, Patricia Thompson waa ina Roger, uu u shaqeeyo sida qareen, waxa uu guursaday, laakiin carruurtooda looma ogola.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

• Mayakovsky ina magac double ay sabab u tahay kala duwan ee doorashada waalidka magaca ah wiil helay. Qaybta koowaad - Gleb - uu ka helay adeer, qaybta labaad - Nikita - ka hooyadiis. Mayakovsky qudhiisu barbaarinta ee wiilkeeda ka qeyb qaatay jirin, inkasta oo uu marti ku ahaa soo noqnoqda ee qoyska in dhowrkii sano ee ugu horreeya.
• In 2013, on Channel One ahaa film ah "Odd", ka go'an in ay sanad guurada 120aad ee dhalashada Abwaan. The salaysan film documentary ah oo ku salaysan taariikhda jacaylka dilaa Mayakovsky iyo Lily Brik, sababaha suuragal ah in is miidaamin ah gabayaa ee, ayaa sidoo kale saameyn ku theme weligeed ah - carruurta Mayakovsky (kooban). Waxa uu ahaa film this markii ugu horeysay si cad u muujiyaan oo ku dhawaaqay dhaxla Abwaan.
• Abwaan ka hadla oo ay had iyo xarunta of dareenka dumar ah. Inkastoo jacaylka oo dhan qaata, waayo Lili Brik, ayuu waxaa lagu tiriyaa badan ee tixaha. Iyo wixii dhacay ka dib, in kiisaska intooda badan taariikh aamusan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Gleb-Nikita Lavinskii mar sheegay in Mayakovsky wiil kale, oo ku nool Mexico. Laakiin macluumaadkan ma helin uu documentary ama caddayn kasta oo kale.
• Patricia Thompson qoray in uu naftiisa u ah 15 buugaagta. Dhowr iyaga ayay ka go'an in ay aabbeheed. Sidaas daraaddeed, buugga "Mayakovsky ee sheeko jacayl Manhattan" sheego iyada waalidiinta iyo xiriirka gaaban laakiin jilicsan. Patricia sidoo kale waa bilowga buugiisa "Gabadhay," laakiin ma uusan haysan waqti ay ku dhammayn.
• Horeba isagoo da 'weyn, Patricia kulmay archive (maktabadda St. Petersburg) aabbihiis. On hal bog waxay aragtay sawiro iyada carruurta (ubaxyo iyo caleemo), kaasoo ka tagay intii ay socotay kulankii ugu horeysay oo kaliya.
• At codsiga Elli ku Dzhons ugu gabadhii jirka hooyadiis gubo iyada dhimasho ka dib, oo waxaa lagu aasay xabaashii of Vladimir Mayakovsky qabuuraha Novodevichy ah.
• Maayso Abwaan - Elizabeth Lavinskaya - qoray kitaabka "Wiilka Mayakovsky." Buugani, xusuusta reer aabbaheed, oo ahaa ina Abwaan caan ah, oo uu xiriir adag oo uu adeer iyo jacaylka aan tooda oo aabbe u gaar ah, kii uu marna waqti ay ku og baran lahaa. Ka dib markii Gleb, Nikita ahaa sano oo kaliya sideed jir ah, marka waxaa jiray Mayakovsky.
• Mayakovsky uur by jacaylkiisa ugu dambeeyey - Veronica Polonskaya. Laakiin iyadu way u ahaa xaas iyo ma doonayaan in ay ku jebi xiriir si jir- naagnimadeeda aawadood heartthrob gabayaa ee. Sidaa darteed Polonskaya lahaa soo riddo.

PS

Caruurta ahaayeen Mayakovsky? Haddaba waxaa la og yahay in, haa. Oo in kastoo uu marna si rasmi ah guursaday, hadda in dhammaan xayiraad iyo khatarta ay cadaadis u qaaday, waxaynu og nahay in ay jiraan ugu yaraan laba bedelka Abwaan kacaan weyn. Waxaa intaa dheer, farcankiisa ku nooshahay maanta, socday uu waddada hal abuur leh u gaar ah. Iyo xasuusta of this ifafaale suugaanta, Mayakovsky, caruurta, ayeeyo iyo awoowe si cad u qaadi doonaa xataa sannado badan ka dib.