Carbon monoxide

Sidaas darteed of sari dhamaystirnayn oo carbon ama badeecada ku jirto, u yeela carbon monoxide (CO) ama carbon monoxide. Magacyada kale ee walax this sun aan lahayn midabka ama urta (waxaa ma keenaan carbon monoxide, walxaha organic iyo nijaasta), - xabagta carbon (II) ama carbon monoxide. Its cufnaanta at 0 ° C si siman u 0,00125 g / cm³. At heerkul ah laga jaray 192 ° C maraa ka gaseous ee gobolka dareere ah, iyo laga jaray 205 ° C - adag. heerkulka Autoignition oo lagu daray 609 ° C. Oxide waa wax yar L. biyo (0.0026 g 100 ml), laakiin L. in chloroform, acetic acid, copolymer ethyl, ethanol, hydroxide ammonium, benzene. Waxay leedahay tiro gaws of 28,0101 g / mol.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer monoxide waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan iyo oxides kale carbon. The ugu caansan ka mid ah kuwan waa carbon dioxide ama carbon dioxide (CO2), kaasoo lagu soo saaro by sari dhamaystiran oo carbon (lacag la'aan ah oo xidhxidhan). Waa gaas midab leh dhadhan yara dhanaan, laakiin aan lahayn ur. Waa heer sare ah L. biyo, sidaas darteedna la xirrira CO ah hydroxide carbon acidic (OH) 2 ama H2CO3 acid carbonic. Carbon suboxide (C3O2) waa gaas sun ah oo aan midab, laakiin a ur suffocating af badan. Under xaaladaha caadiga ah, waa ay fududahay in polymerize, ugu dambeyntii in ay soo saaraan waxyaabaha aan milma biyaha iyo wasakheeyey in cas, huruud ah ama guduud. Waxaa sidoo kale jira oxides carbon kale kuwaas oo ka yar si fiican u yaqaan oo ay leeyihiin qaab toosan ama xilliile ah. Qaaciidooyinka ee taxanahan kala duwan C2O2 in C32O8. Intaa waxaa dheer waa walax polymeric, sida xabagta graphite oo dhanba, Britain ayaa ka kooban xubno C iyo O iyo tirada labada atamka kala duwanaan karaan.

Carbon monoxide helay qayilo qayb ka mid ah carbon (Graham a) gaaska ogsijiin carbon. Tusaale ahaan, intii lagu jiray howlgal foornada ama engine sari gudaha ee meel xiran. In joogitaanka ogsijiin, carbon monoxide gubanaya olol buluug ah si ay u sameeyaan carbon dioxide: 2CO + O2 → 2CO2. Coke (ama dhuxul) gaaska, taas oo si weyn loo isticmaalaa in lagu 60s qarnigii horeysay nalalka indoor, cunto karinta iyo kulaylinta, waxaa ka mid ah in ay ka kooban ilaa 10% carbon monoxide. Tan iyo markii sari ee CO, xaddi weyn oo kulaylka, gaaska sida qayb ka yahay shidaalka qiimo leh. hababka qaarkood ee teknoolajiyada casriga ah (tus, birta doofaarka) ayaa weli ku weheliyay formation of sida a by-saarka, sida carbon monoxide. In il ee dunida ugu weyn ee carbon monoxide asal ahaan dabiiciga ah waa dareen diidmo photochemical dhaca troposphere iyo guud oo ku saabsan 5 • 1012 kg sannadkii. Ilaha kale ee dabiiciga ah ee carbon monoxide waa marno, dababka kaynta, iyo talaabooyin kale oo sari.

Laga soo bilaabo barta kiimikada ee aragtida ah, waxaa lagu gartaa carbon monoxide a yaraynta guryaha iyo janjeera in ay dareen diidmo oo intaas dheer. Laakiinse kuwanu waa laba arrimood waxaa lagu muujiyey kaliya marka heerkulku sare ee carbon monoxide la xiran karaa biraha qaarkood, chlorine, ogsijiin iyo baaruud. biraha loo isticmaalo awoodda maalkii by kulaylinta inuu ka soo kabsado Biraha badan oo oxides. In falcelinta ee chlorine ahbaa gaaska fosjiin: CO + Cl2 ↔ COCl2. Waxaa sun ah, loo isticmaalo ereygu wuxuu organic, waxaa lagu si tartiib tartiib ah giirte karaa biyo sida ay isla'eg falcelinta: COCl2 + 2H2O → H2CO3 + 2HCl.

Carbon monoxide waxaa si toos ah ku lifaaqan karaa heerkulka kacsantahay iyo cadaadis in ay biraha gaar ah si ay u sameeyaan carbonyls bir in ay yihiin xeryahooda kakan: Ni (CO) 4, Mo (CO) 6, Fe (CO) 5 iyo kuwa kale. Carbon monoxide (II) loo jawaabay karaa ammonia on Hannaan ah (thoria ThO2) at 500 ° C leh formation of cyanide hydrogen, CO + NH3 HCN + H2O →.

Carbon monoxide waa sun ah si aadanuhu iyo xayawaanka. guryaha sun ah carbon monoxide ay sabab u tahay awooddiisa ah inuu irreversibly fal la unugga dhiigga ku, Kuna badiyay awood u leh inay fuliyaan oxygen in unugyada iyo unugyada jirka. Taasi waa, ka yimaadaa nooca hematic hypoxia. Haddii kale, waxaa loo yaqaannaa (keeney awoodda oxygen hoose ee dhiigga) dhiigga. Sidoo kale xabagta carbon (II) ka qayb falcelinta, dhibaayo unugyada jirka dheelitirka lagmamaarmaanna u ah. sumowga Easy weheliyay madax xanuun, garaaca ku macbudyo, dawakhaad, xabadka xanuun, iyo qufac qalalan, indhaha-biyood, lallabo, matag, muuq iyo maqalka, casaada oo ka mid ah maqaarka iyo xub-axaleedka, tachycardia, sii kordhaya cadaadiska. In la qabsi dhexdhexaad ah oo nooc (iyadoo la sii miyir) curyaannimo motor. sumoobo daran waxa lagu gartaa astaamo sida ardayda la'egayah, miyirka oo luma, gariir, kooma, neefta, dheecaan aan ikhtiyaarka lahayn ah saxarada iyo kaadida, maqaarka oo buluug iyo xub-axaleedka. Dhimashada dhacaa sabab u ah wadnaha iyo neefsashada.