Antibodies Monoclonal. Waa maxay iyo waxa ay yihiin, waayo?

Antibodies (immunoglobulins) borotiinka loo yaqaan Y-qaab. Waxay qayb ka aqoonsi iyo Digo qaybaha shisheeye (cudur) qaadato. Unugyada fuliyay by habka difaaca jirka jawaab u lays antigen. Mid kasta oo immunoglobulin awoodaan in ay aqoonsadaan la xiriira element gaar ah shisheeye.

Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in unugyada ku wareejin dhiiga, waxay diyaar u yihiin inay qayb kasta ee jirka. Qabanaya ee immunoglobulin ah in antigen ka hortagi kartaa horumarinta geedi socodka in ay gacan cudurka, ama keenaya in burburinta element qalaad.

Jawaabta difaaca ee jirka ka mid ah, xataa polyclonal ugu fudud, qayb qalaad waxaa lagu magacaabaa. In si kale loo dhigo, nidaamka difaaca jirka soo saarta (abuuraa) hannaanka ah immunoglobulins si ay ula cudur oo kala duwan ka qaban.

antibodies Monoclonal waa unug clones. Waayo, mid kasta oo diirada cell sida (target) waxaa lagu qeexaa antigen for ogaanshaha iyo qabanaya of habka difaaca jirka kaas oo lagu horumariyo immunoglobulin gaar ah, kaas oo gacanta ka horreeyay.

therapy wuxuu isticmaalaa dhexsameeysmo shaybaarka, halkii ay nidaamka difaaca jirka, antibodies monoclonal. Marka daama, oo ay habka bilaabo hawshooda u ah qaybaha kale ee ilaalinta in la burburiyo cudur gaar ah. Sidaas darteed, tusaale ahaan, waxay dawadu ah antibody monoclonal u shaqeeyo oo lagu daweeyo kansarka.

Unugyada Gadzhiyev oo marka hore in lagu dhexsameeysmo laboratories, oo gebi ahaanba ka koobnaa borotiinada mouse. Tani waxay ka xanaajiyeen dhibaato halkii ay halis ah. Xaqiiqada ah in ay "mouse" monoclonal ee difaaca jirka habka difaaca jirka aadanaha oga sida cudur - canaasiirta shisheeye, iyo sidaas abuuraa cadaanyo iyaga ka gees ah. Tani waxaa kaliya oo aan loogu tala galay horumarinta jawaabta difaaca jirka. nidaamka difaaca ee jirka uu bilaabo inuu baabbi'iyo antibodies monoclonal ka hor inta aysan isaga ka faa'iidaysan karto.

Sida waqti maray, qaar ka mid ah borotiino ku jira unugyada mouse bilaabay inuu la bedelay qaybaha protein aadanaha, loo yaqaan "chimeric". Iyada oo korodhka saamiga oo ka mid ah xubno ka mid ah immunoglobulins aadanaha yihiin (dhexsameeysmo) ayaa loo yaqaan "antibody monoclonal humanized".

Diyaargaraw ka kooban qaybaha kuwan, tixraac habka daaweynta lala beegsaday. In si kale loo dhigo, daawooyinka loogu talagalay in ay si toos ah u dhaqmaan on unugyada, oo iska xanaajin horumarinta geedi socodka bahal ah. Waxaa inta badan waa hab ka fiican oo ka badan daawada daweynta caadiga. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, dad badan oo ka mid ah daawooyinka caadiga ah loogu tala galay in lagu daweeyo, tusaale ahaan, sclerosis, kansarka, rheumatoid arthritis oo heley kale waa sun ah, oo waxay leeyihiin xanibaadyo saaran guud ee qaadashada, la aqbali karo maamulka bukaanka ah.

Waxaa ka mid ah daawooyinka ugu caansan antibodies monoclonal waa in la ogaadaa qalabka sida "MabThera", "Rituxan" (loo isticmaalo lymphoma non-Hodgkin), 'Herceptin' (isticmaalo kansarka naasaha).

On daawada uu rajo qabo ee synthesizing technology ee antibodies monoclonal. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah la dhaafi karin. Sayidka, immunoglobulins dhexsameeysmo jirka waa u taagoo aad u ballaaran. Waxa aanu oggolaan inay dhex gelin qoto dheer galay unugyo ama unugyada. Iyagu ma loogu talagalay maamulka afka (oral). Waxaa intaa dheer, si ay u gaaraan tarin fiirsashada ee unugyada waa in aan ka badnayn shan iyo toban kun oo min fiirsashada of antigen bartilmaameedka. Horumarinta immunoglobulins dhexsameeysmo sameeyaa oo keliya dhaqamada cell, taas oo iyana ka dhiga wax soo saarka qaali.