Ammonia Formula. Ammonium hydroxide - ammonia aqueous

Ammonia - hydrogen nitride - mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan xeryahooda of nitrogen iyo hydrogen. Tani gaaska aan midab laakiin caraf pungent. Halabuurka kiimikada ka tarjumayaa formula ammonia - NH _3. Kororka cadaadis ama hoos u dhac ah ee heerkulka mid ah waxyaabaha la keenaysaa in ay noqoto dareere ah midab. gaaska ammonia iyo xalalka ay si ballaaran loo adeegsado warshadaha iyo beeraha. Daawada loo isticmaalo 10% hydroxide ammonium - ammonia.

Dhismaha Britain ee. formula ammonia Electronic

A nitride Britain hydrogen waxaa qaabeeya sida Ahraamta ah, salka kaas oo nitrogen addoonsi saddex atamka hydrogen. N-H bond si xoogan kala fog. Nitrogen waxaa si xoog leh soo jiitay labada ciyaaryahan electron qabanaya. Sidaa darteed, kharash negative ururayaa ku atamka N, positive ah - diiradda lagu saaray hydrogen. Fahamka habka this bixiyaa model ah oo Britain ka, elektarooniga iyo formula dhismaha of ammonia.

hydrogen Nitride waa mid aad u L. biyo (700: 1 at 20 ° C). Lahaanshaha protons ku ool ah oo lacag la'aan ah u keenaysaa in formation of "buundooyinka" hydrogen badan in ay ku xirmaan inta u dhaxaysa Britain ah. Features of qaab-dhismeedka iyo kiimikada ay nafteeda sidoo kale keeni xaqiiqada ah in ammonia waa si fudud la galeen by cadaadis sii kordhaya ama hoos heerkulka (-33 ° C).

Asalka magaca

Ereyga "ammonia" ayaa lagu soo bandhigay in beesha tacliimeed ee 1801 at talo ah ee farmashiyaha Ruush Ya Zakharova, laakiin walax yaqaan Dadka tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore. Gas la caraf pungent sii daayay inta lagu guda jiro suuska ee alaabta qashinka xeryahooda badan organic, tus, borotiinada iyo HOL in kala daatay ee ammonium cusbada. Taariikhyahanadu ee kimistari ay aaminsan yihiin in walaxda loo magacaabay ka dib markii ilaah qadiimiga Masaarida Amun. Siwa (Cammoon) waa abaabulan ah ee North Africa. Hareereysan saxaraha Liibiya arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee magaalada qadiimiga ah iyo macbudka, soo socota si ay taas oo ay jiraan kayd of chloride ammonium. Tani walax in Europe, loo yaqaan "cusbo reer Cammoon." Waxaa sii raagayaan caado ah in dadkii degganaa abaabulan ee Siwa urin cusbo macbudka.

nitride hydrogen

farmashiyaha Ingiriisi iyo jirka dadka R. Boyle in tijaabo digada gubay oo ay fiiriyaan formation of qiiq cad ka qorayga rusheeyey Aashito oo keentay dawadu jet ah ee gaaska. In 1774, farmashiyaha kale British J. Priestley diiriyo chloride ammonium la lime cabbid iyo gaseous qoondeeyey. Priestley yeedhay xarunta "hawada xumadoodu", sababtoo ah guryaha xal ay muujiyeen saldhig daciif ah. Helin wax sharaxaad aragnimo Boyle, kuna waari dhexdeeda ammonia waa jawaabay Aashito. Solid chloride ammonium cad dhacdaa dul xiriir ah u taagoo reactants hawada.

formula Chemical of ammonia ee loo dejiyey 1875 K. Berthollet by France kaasoo sameeyay tijaabo ah oo ku saabsan kala daatay ee walxaha galay qaybaha dastuurka by dheecaanku korontada. Ilaa iyo hadda, tijaabo Priestley, Boyle Berthollet iyo dhalid ee shaybaarka si loo soo saaro nitride hydrogen iyo chloride ammonium. Habka Industrial horumariyo 1901 by H. Le Chatelier, helay patent ah hab ka mid ah Avv walax of nitrogen iyo hydrogen.

Xalka of ammonia. Formula iyo hantida

The xal ammonia aqueous waxaa caadi ahaan laga diiwaan geliyay foomka of hydroxide - NH ₄ OH. Waxa uu muujinayaa sifooyinka alkali daciif ah:

• iska fogeeyay galay udhigo NH ₃ + H ₂ O = NH ₄ OH = NH ₄ ^{+ +} OH ^_-;
• xal phenolphthalein reebaan casaanka ah;
• waxaa ka jawaabay acid ah si ay u sameeyaan milix ah iyo biyo,
• precipitates CU (OH) ₂ sida walax dhalaalaya buluug ah marka la L cusbada copper isku qasan.

hoganaya ee falcelinta of ammonia dhexgalka biyaha waxaa ku barakacay xagga qalabka bilaabo. nitride hydrogen Preheated gubtay fiican oxygen. Waxay dhacdaa qayilo nitrogen in ay u taagoo diatomic walax fudud N2. Yaraynta guryaha sidoo kale muujinayaa ammonia ee falcelinta la xabagta copper (II).

Macnaha of ammonia iyo xalalka

Nitride ah hydrogen loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka ee cusbada ammonium iyo nitric acid - mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu weyn ee warshadaha kiimikada. Ammonia waa wax sida xawliga ah u soda (sida habka amooniyam). Hydrogen nitride content industrially xal u xoog gaadho 25%. In beeraha, isticmaali ammonia aqueous. Formula bacrimin dareere ah - NH ₄ OH. walax waxaa si toos ah loo isticmaalo sida labiska a top. Hababka kale ee ciidda nitrogen kobcinta - isticmaalka cusbada of Nitrate ammonium, chlorides, phosphates. In deegaan warshadeed iyo dhulka beeraha ma waxaa lagu talinayaa in ay ku kaydiso wada Bacriminta kooban ammonium cusbada leh alkalis. Marka wax Baakadaha dillaacin dhici karta inay midba midka kale si ay u sameeyaan ammonia iyo waxa ay sii daayaan galay meelaha hawada. Xarunta Sunta ah si xun u saameeya habdhiska neefsashada, habdhiska dhexe. Isku dar ah ee ammonia la hawada, waa qarxa.