Waxaan miraha geedka leeyihiin maskaxda?

abuurka Plant isticmaali karaan "maskaxdooda" yar si ay u caawiyaan go'aansato in aad Gagaab ama in ay weli ku jira xaalad ah jimicsi la'aan. Tani waa caddaynta ku ah daraasad cilmiyaysan cusub.

abuur "maskaxda" Kuwani ma laha arrinta dhaqanka cirro qof, laakiin si loo farsameeyo macluumaadka u adeegsanayaa hab la mid ah by kuwaas oo shaqo ah oo u Safra. Geedaha Cascade fasiri signalada ka hormoonnada, si ay go'aan marka ay bilaabaan inay soo biqlo.

Geedaha waa sida dadka

"Geedaha waa sida dadka ee dareenka ah in ay leeyihiin in ay ka fekeraan oo ay go'aamo gaadhaan, kaliya sida aan ku leenahay," - yiri daraasad co-author Dzhordzh Bassel, nin cilmiga nafleyda barta a at the University of Birmingham ee England. Sida laga soo xigtay Bassel, dadka sameeyo go'aamo la isticmaalayo koox yar oo unugyada gaarka ah ee habka dareemayaasha jirka, oo ku yaalla maskaxda.

"Sida nin gudaha farcankii hurdada waxaa jira tiro aad u yar oo ka mid ah unugyada in go'aan gaar. unugyada waxay la mid yihiin unugyada habka dareemayaasha jirka yihiin, "- yiri Bassel ee magazine Science Live.

Sida laga soo xigtay cilmiga, cilmi waxaa laga yaabaa in maalin maalmaha ka mid isticmaalaan fikrado si ay u horumariyaan miraha in Gagaab waqti isku mid ah xilli kasta, iyo sidoo kale sida loo siiyo badbaado weyn ka dhanka ah la beddelo xaaladaha cimilada.

Cuntada fikirka

fikradda ah in dhirta dareemi kartaa, maqlaan ama ay arkaan ee dunida sayniska gabi ahaanba ma aha cusub. Cilmi ayaa muujiyay in geedo Gagaab hoos codadka inta jeer gaar ah ama dardar korriimadooda, markii uu ku dhawaaday in noocyada kale ee tartamaya. Iyo, sida laga soo xigtay baadhitaan uu sameeyay sanadkii 2007 (waxaa la tilmaamay in Macalester Oecologia), dhirta leh kasta oo kale ula xiriiri karaa marka ay ku sugan tahay halis.

Sidaa darteed, sida uu sheegay nin cilmiga nafleyda barta Bassel, fikradda ah "fikirka" ee dhirta ma aha sida fog-soo kaxeeyey sida u ekaan at jaleecada hore. Mid ka mid ah xujooyin in howsha sax ah oo ku saabsan deegaanka ayaa muhiim u ah badbaadada ee warshadda, waa waqtiga of biqilka abuurka.

Doorka farcankii

Seeds noqonaya habka kaliya, taas oo geedka dhaqaaqi karaan masaafo badan ka deegaanka haboonayn badbaadista of a dheeraad ah oo ku haboon. Waxay u safri karaan fog la cunin by xayawaanka, ama u qaadeen dabaysha. Sida laga soo xigtay Bassel, sidan geedka isticmaalaa hal hab dhaqdhaqaaqa in waqti iyo boos. Basel ayaa sheegay in abuurka nasinta yihiin dhulka inta heerkulka ama xaalado kale oo aan ahayn xaq. Waxay awoodi karaan in ay tayadoodii fursadaha badbaadista ay yihiin.

Geedaha fekerayo hab

Si aad u fahamto sida dhirta gaadho go'aamo, ka cilmiga iyo asxaabtii uu abuuray khariiradda digital ah kasta uurjiifka cell shaqsi (abuur) dhirta tala ama thaliana Arabidopsis. cilmi markaas baa'bin meelaha ay hormoonnada gaar ah, sida caadiga ah, waxaa ku yaalla gudaha farcankii.

Waxay ogaadeen in laba hormoon oo ah in lagu yaqaan in ay door ku biqilka ku, gibberellin (GA) iyo acid abscisic (ABA), ku jira caddad sare ee caaradda xididka SNMna.

Laga soo bilaabo 3000-4000 unugyada ku jira abuur ah ka 25 ilaa 40, sida muuqata door adag processing ee hormoonnada kuwan. Mid ka mid ah qayb ka mid ah unugyada in ay soo saaraan hormoonada GA, waxay bixisaa signal a in Gagaab, halka qayb kale oo ah unugyada ku yaalla meel fog qaar ka mid ah soo saaray ABA ah, signal a si ay u dardar "isagoo riyo." Cilmi baaris ayaa muujisay in hormoonnada is waydaarsadaan calaamadaha.

"Isticmaalka labadan calaamadaha siisaa labada koritaanka iyo joojin", - ayaa sheegay in Bassel in Live Science.

In inta kale ee gacanta ka saaraan ABA ka badan, ka badan GA. Iyo horumar ah ee xaaladda ay tahay heerka abuur GA hormone koror tartiib tartiib ah inta "xarunta of go'aan qaadashada" abuur bilaabaa in uu calaamad u yahay in waxa fiican si ay u bilaabaan inay soo biqlo, ka badan in ay weli ku jira xaalad nasasho. Hannaanku wuxuu la tilmaamay by cilmi in shaqada sayniska, soo daabacay wargeyska ka qaadista of Academy Qaranka ee Sciences.

waqtiga biqilka

Kooxda ayaa ka mid ah cilmibaadhayaasha gaadhay isbedelka macmal ah heerarka hormone ee dhaqdhaqaada ee dhirta. Experience ayaa muujisay in ay marin-habaabinayaan heerarka dheecaanka hoormoonada oo digayaan waqtiga gudbinta, biqilka abuurka koontarooli karaan waqtiga.

"The abuurka ah ee dhirta qaadashada laba xarunta soo horjeeda dhismaha kala fogaan ah qaarkood. Sidoo kale in kiliyaha motor of maskaxda aadanaha yihiin laba barka gaar ah la bilaabo mooshin ama nasasho, "- yiri Bassel.

"In xoolaha, isa-soociddiisa oo ka mid ah laba meelood ka hortagtaa Suu shil jirka ah ee Qasabkaas ka in ay qaataan go'aano qaldan", - Saynisyahan ku xusay.

Cilmi baadhis ayaa cadeysay in qeybinta dhirta u dhexeeya gobollada "koritaanka" iyo "nabad" ah waxaa loogu talagalay si ay u sameeyaan go'aano muhiim u ah jiritaankooda, kicin biqilka in muddo marka heerkulka daarmayaay'e waxaa si joogto ah la beddelo. Ma cadda sababta kala duwanaanshaha heerkulka u leeyihiin in ay si muhiim u ah dhirta noqon, laakiin mid ka mid ah sababaha been in xaqiiqda ah in nidaamka this ka caawisaa dhirta si ay u dareemaan sida xidido u qoto dheer ee ciidda yihiin. The qoto dheer ay yihiin, ayaa in ka badan buffered ka dhanka ah isbedel heerkulka. "Muuqaal kale waa in isbedbedelka cimilada arkay markii la beddelo xilli inta badan. Isbedelada caawin kara abuurka ah in ay la kulmaan muddada kala guurka ah "ku, - ayaa sheegay Bassel.

midka u dhexeeya dhirta iyo xayawaanka

"Fikradda bulshada ee dhirta iyo xoolaha, qaab-dhismeedka maskaxda waa mid aad u xiiso badan sababtoo ah dhirta iyo ugaarta si cad waxaad fartaan ka dhismeedka jidh isla," - ayaa sheegay in Bassel. Sida laga soo xigtay cilmi ugu dambeeyay ee sayniska, awoowe caadiga ah ee dhirta iyo xayawaanka ahaa qolladdiisii hal a, algae la mid ah, u shaqeeyo in jirey 1.6 billion sano ka hor.

Sida laga soo xigtay scientific discovery, lagu daabacay 2002 in Science Macalester, in kasta oo ay tani farqiga evolutionary weyn, dhirta iyo xoolaha ku shaqeeyaan mabaadi'da caadi ah, oo iyaga siiyey faa'ido in laga jawaabo deegaanka beddelo. "Oo dhirta iyo xayawaanka, ay sabab u tahay geedi socodka evolutionary, habeeyey si la mid ah", - ayaa sheegay in Bassel.