Waa maxay Ethernet - faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee shabakadda internetka

Taasi waa Ethernet ku, waxaa noqday kuwa loo yaqaan ee todobaatanaadkii ee qarnigii XX ah. Waxaan Been abuurtay noocan ah LAN Robert Metcalfe, kuwaas oo la shaqeeya waqtiga Corporation Xerox ah. In the 70s daahay 'Metcalfe furay inuu shirkad gaar ah 3com, halkaas oo uu ku dhameystirtay horumarinta technology cusub. Muddo waxaa bedelay noocyada markaas jira ee shabakadaha maxalliga ah, iyo shirkadda Metcalfe noqday hoggaamiyaha duurka this.

dheer «Ethernet» waxay ka kooban erayada ether (ether) iyo shabag (network). Haddaba badan oo aad u sheegto, waa Ethernet, iyo waxa ay tahay sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee noocan ah network. Noocan ah network ayaa xiddig ama qaab qumman oo leh xawaare ah 10-100 megabits / labaad. Asal ahaan Ethernet ku salaysnayd cable ka coaxial, laakiin muddo technology in uu is beddelay, oo waxay bilaabeen inay dhisaan shabakad ku salaysan cable fiber-optic ama labada ciyaaryahan qaloocin. Hadda waxaa jira in ku dhow soddon noocyada shabakadaha Ethernet kala duwan ee xawaaraha, muuqaalka guud ee dhulka, size iyo nooca cable. Ma dhammaan noocyada helay codsiga ganacsi. Waayo, kuwa doonaya in ay ogaadaan si faahfaahsan waxa Ethernet ku, waxaan ku qor technology ugu caansan.

Xerox Ethernet - technology ku salaysan cable coaxial heerka ugu badnaan 3 megabits per labaad. Bedelida StarLan, kaas oo markii ugu horaysay la isticmaalo Labada ciyaaryahan qaloocin. xawaaraha ee la xidhiidha yar yahay - oo kaliya 1 megabit per labaad.

The technology 10BASE5 cable coaxial gudbiya xogta xawaare of 10 megabits / labaad. Sida saxda ah xawaaraha isku mid ah iyo in StarLan10, laakiin cable coaxial halkan ayaa lagu bedelay iyadoo labada qaloocin. Ka dibna, technology this waxa uu noqday nooc ka mid ah 10BASE-T, halkaas oo afarta lammaane qaloocin isticmaalo.
In ka beddelid ah 100BASE-T xawaaraha qaloocin-pair kordhay ilaa boqol iyo megabits / labaad. Noocaan ayaa waxaa sii horumariyey. 100BASE-FX gudbiya xog badan cable fiber optic fogaan ah 10 kiiloomitir xawaare ka mid ah boqol megabits / labaad. The 1000BASE-T isticmaalaa afar lammaane vytye, oo meel fog waa loo siman yahay inay ka mid boqol oo mitir. In ka beddelid a fogaan 1000BASE-LH kordhay ilaa 100 km. labada dambe waxay leeyihiin xawaaraha ugu sareeya, waa ilaa 1000 megabits per labaad.

Ethernet, oo ay ku jiraan dhammaan hab doorinta, kuwaas oo ku xiran yahay xakamaysada gaar ah dhafan on board nidaamka.

Haddaba aan aragno waxa ay yihiin faa'iidooyinka ee noocan ah network. The faa'iido ugu muhiimsan waxa - waa la heli karo. computer waxaa ku xiran shabakadda waqtiga oo dhan, iyo ka hor inta aanad tegi online ma jirto baahi loo qabo in garaac ilaa bixiyaha. In ka badan Ethernet muhiimad waxaa loogu yeedhi line a ijaaray, taas oo si fudud aan loo baahnayn modem ah. Faa'iidada kale - xawaaraha sare u ogolaanaya maamuuska Ethernet ah. Speed waxaa bixiya symmetric, haddii dharbaaxay file ama diray. Intaa waxaa dheer, mid ka mid ah Ethernet-xiriir noqon kartaa sal u ah shabakad meesha shirkadaha ama maxaliga ah, taas oo dhan kombiyuutarada laga heli doonaa in ay xiriir la mid ah xawaaraha sare.

Ammaanka ee maanta Ethernet-network waxaa sidoo kale si fiican u habaysan. Sida caadiga ah, bixiyeyaasha bixiyaan user dhabta ah IP-cinwaanada si loo xaqiijiyo magaciisa ee computer ah ee "World Wide Web." Dabcan, ma faa'iido ah ugu yaraan of network noocan oo kale ah waa mid aad u fudud in ay ku xidhmaan. Uma baahnid modem ama software kasta oo gaar ah, kaliya waxay leeyihiin kaarka network ah oo la dhisay in ku dhowaad dhammaan motherboards. Tan waxa u sabab halleeyo lillaahinimada iyo helitaanka iyo kharash yar ah Ethernet-la xidhiidha. Waxaa kaaga badan ka yar isku xirnaanta caalami ah iyada oo loo marayo modem dial-up.

Waqti ka, noocan ah network noqon doonaa xataa ka badan la heli karo. Durba, waxaa jira hab doorinta, bixinta xawaaraha ah oo ku saabsan 10 gigabits / labaad. By dhexe ee tobanka sano ayaa la filayaa technology saarka, kaas oo ku siin doonaa xawaare siman 1 terabit / labaad. Iyada oo dhinacyo cajiib ah sida mid kasta fahamsan waxa Ethernet ku, u baahan doontaa in ay ku xidhmaan network in.