Tula Museum of Fine Arts: Cinwaanka ururinta matxafka

magaalada Ruush Baydka Tula caan ma aha oo kaliya loogu talagalay gunsmiths ay, oo caan ah si ay dalka oo dhan Gingerbread, laakiin sidoo kale dhaqan farshaxanka dheer, oo laga keenay jeer pre-kacaan, marka qarnigii XIX ee Arts Museum Fine ah waxaa la aasaasay. Sidaas darteed, dad badan oo ka mid ah farshaxankiisa ku Polenov iyo Surikov, Shishkin, Serov, iyo dayidiisii looma udaabacida loo yaqaan, iyo qayb ka mid ah nolosha ruuxiga ah noqdaan.

dadaali waddani

In 1884, in uu yahay, inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Emperor Alexander III - burtay Slavophile iyo raacsane dareen jidka asalka ah ee horumarinta Russia ee - on hindisaha maamul diiniga ah ee magaalada Museum National Tula, magacaabay Drevlekhranilishche waxaa la aasaasay. Later, ee 1902, waa magaca Slavic iyo xoogaa shinka a bedelay badan oo casri ah, inuu noqdo in ay soo wac Golaha qadiimiga.

Laakiin ay nuxurka weli isla kiiskan. Sidii hore, shuqullada tahay lahaa habboonaanta in taariikhda Ruush, iyo gaar ahaan gobolka la soo dhaafay Tula, u bartaan, oo qayb ka ah ururinta museum iyo si taxadar leh u soo bartay sida khubaro maxalli ah iyo dadka cusub ilaa ugu dambaysta this ee Moscow noqday. Inta badan ururiyey inta lagu jiro xilliga this soo bandhigaa yihiin deeqaha ka ururinayay lacagta gaar ah oo sidaas doonayay in ay gacan ka hawl guud waddani.

From wargeysyada waqtiga waxaa la ogsoon yahay in Axadda iyo maalmaha fasaxa ee qof walba waxaa la furay si xor ah u jimicsiga, halkaas oo bandhig ahaa helaan, oo ku saabsan caan ah aan caadi ahayn oo ay kula riyaaqay. Si dhakhso ah qolka, oo ku yaalla Fund dayn inay qabtaan baxda by ururinta waqtiga, iyo in 1908 maamulka magaalada iyada u dhisay ee Tula Kremlin dhismaha gaar ah.

Wareegidda, buuxsama Museum

Xaaladda bedelay ka dib markii Kacaanka Oktoobar, markii ururinta Antiquities of House la qarameeyo oo waxaa loo beddelaa Museum Tula ee Fine Arts. Sida aad ogtahay, isla markiiba ka dib soo socda si xoog, Bolsheviks qaadeen wareegidda oo baaxad weyn oo ka mid ah farshaxanka ah (oo dhan kale) qiyamka, hore iska lahaa wakiilo ka socda qaybaha hodanka ah ee bulshada. Inta lagu jiro xilli, Shuqullo badan oo ka mid ah tahay ka Xaafaddaha dalka hodan ku biiray matxafka.

Sida Bolsheviks ma kala soocaan shuqulka fanaaniinta gudaha iyo dibadda, iyo wax kasta oo la wareegay in milkiilayaasha hore ma ay awoodaan si ay u qariyaan ama dibadda qaato, ugu dhakhsaha badan Museum Tula ee Fine Arts, meeshaas waxaa ku yiil farshaxankiisa, badiyay hore, hanuuninta qaranka cidhiidhi ah. In hoolalka ay halkaas joogay farshaxankiisa fanaaniinta reer galbeedka sida loo amaano sida Luca Giordano, Domenico Fetti, Frans Snyders iyo kuwo kale oo badan.

Wareejinta waxaa ka mid ah sano ee ugu horreysa Soviet

In 1918, qabanqaabada kulli shuqulladii u imid inaan museum ka xaafadaha magaalada hareeraheeda ah, Guddiga magaalada of Education dhigay guddi, taas oo ka mid ah dadka wadanka ka fanaaniinta Moscow iyo dhaleecayn tahay. Sidaas darteed of shaqada ay la soo ururiyey haayaha ee soo bandhigaa iyo sharaxaada ay. Wixii faahfaahin ah oo ku saabsan Commission farshaxanka dhammu waxay soo kaxaysteen sano ah, ka dib markii taas hoolalka madxafka la furay dadweynaha guud.

In 1927 Museum Tula ku of Fine Arts waxaa magacooda loo baxshay aamminsan yihiin degaanka, qayb weyn oo ka mid ah soo-gaadhista loo abuuray markii la leedahay waaxda taariikhda deegaanka. More sanad ka hor matxafka ururinta ah farshaxankiisa helay hoolka bandhig of Art deegaanka iyo Warshadaha ee. Her shaqo ka koobnaa inta badan ka mid ah fanaaniinta Tula, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa jiray soo bandhigaa laga soo wareejiyay lacagta ee Tretyakov Gallery ah.

nolosha dheeraad ah Museum

Sidaas darteed ka mid ah kuwan iyo rasiidhada kale ee soo bandhigaa ayaa si wayn kor, iyo in 1939 waxaa la go'aamiyay in la dhiso laba matxafyada labada madax banaan - waxbarashada gobolka iyo farshaxanka. Sayidka Museum Tula ee Fine Arts mar kale noqday xarun bandhig madax banaan.

In mustaqbalka, matxafka waxa ay soo martay waqtiyo badan oo ay adag tahay in ay taariikhda, kuwaas oo intooda badan ka dhacay dagaal iyo geeddiga la xiriira in Siberia. Ma fududa, oo waxay dib ugu noqdeen galay Halaagsamay oo kaliya bilaabay in ay dib u dhisaan Tula. dhismaha gaar ah ee matxafka wakhtigaas ma ahaa, iyo meeleeyay House magaalada ee saraakiisha, halkaas oo uu u lahaa in ay qaataan ku dhowaad labaatan sano.

gaadhista Novoselye iyo ballaarinta xiga

Kaliya ee 1964, dhismaha waxaa la dhisay cinwaanka, waayo, jidka Somalisch, 64. Tan iyo markaas, uu ururinta inta badan buuxsameen kharash ku qaniimooyin ka ururin gaar ahaaneed helay Moscow, Leningrad iyo Tula laftiisa. Waxaa ugu Filan in aan idhaahdo, waxaa ka mid ah farshaxankiisa Polenov, Shishkin, Repin, Borovikovsky iyo fannaaniin kale oo magacooda lagu yaqaan adduunka oo dhan. Maadaama uu dhammaystirka xiga magacyo, kuwaas oo si wayn la ballaariyey.

Ka mid ah fannaaniinta ku buray yihiin kibirka matxafka, meel gaarka ah ayaa waxaa kujira IK Aayvazovsky. The farshaxankiisa of this rinjiile badda u fiican si joogto ah u soo jiitaan dareenka, iyo in hoolka, halkaasoo la soo bandhigay, mar walba isugu.

Isku Museum Tula ah

In 1995, dhismaha bandhig dhan galeen ururka cusub ee abuuray Tula Museum of Fine Arts. Tula - magaalada qadiimiga ah ee dhaqanka farshaxanka, iyo waxa uu marna libirtay xiisaha tahay, sidaas tiro badan oo matxafyo iyo meelo lagu daawado farshaxanka waa arrin dabiici ah. Dhibaatada kaliya ee waa in loo helo siyaabo si fiican u qabanqaabiyaan shaqadooda.

Si taas waxaa la go'aamiyay shan iyaga ka mid ah, oo ay ku jiraan mid ka mid ah in waxa uu ku yaalaa at wadada Somalisch ah, 64 (taas oo u dhaco our story) - si ay u wada midoobaan. Sidaas darteed, tirada guud ee aagga bandhig dhismaha waxay ahayd toban kun oo mitir oo laba jibbaaran, kaas oo loo ogol yahay dhulkeeda, marka lagu daro bandhigyo joogto ah, soo bandhigay si fiican u shaqeeya, halkaan ka uruuriyaa ah matxafyada badan oo dalka iyo ururin gaar ahaaneed socda.

Museum Regional of muhiimadda federaalka

In 2013, matxafka heshay magac cusub. Tan iyo waqti in, wuxuu noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Museum Art Tula Gobolka. Waa buunbuunin lahayn in la yidhaahdo in uu unbaa ka mid ah xarumaha ugu weyn bandhig Russia ayaa kaalinta. Maanta, uu ururinta ka kooban yahay in ka badan saddex iyo labaatan kun oo gogo ', oo ay ku jiraan farshaxanka, farshaxan, fanka madaxtooyada iyo farsamada.

haayaha Exhibition of museum waxaa lagu qurxiyey magacyada Macallimiin badan gudaha ee burushka, sida Levitan, Korovin, Tropinin iyo Aivazovsky. The sawirada farshaxanka ah fanaaniinta kuwan waa Martidaydii ee soo noqnoqda ee bandhigyo ay keentay abaabulay matxafyada dunida. qiimaha weyn sidoo kale waa a collection ah farshaxankiisa reer galbeedka Yurub, oo ay ku jiraan abuurka ah ee Sweden aqoonsan yahay ee Italy, France, Holland iyo dalalka kale oo badan.

hawlaha waxbarasho ee matxafka

The hawlaha museum la ma aha oo kaliya ku koobnayn ururka of bandhigyo. shaqaalaha waxaa ka mid ah sayniska weyn iyo in uu yahay shaqo waxbarasho aad u muhiim ah. On ku salaysan footage ee hoolalka ee wax matxafka la sii daayay dhawr barnaamij mowduuc on channel "Dhaqanka" iyo qaar badan oo kale, siinta dhignay si kor loogu qaado waxbarashada bilicsanaanta of Russia.

Intaa waxaa dheer, on gadhi dukaamada buug ee dalka aad ka arki kartaa noocyo kala duwan oo publications, oo ay ku jiraan udaabacida ah farshaxankiisa iyo sawiro in ay ku kaydsan yihiin in matxafka, iyo sidoo kale ka go'an in articles ay ku hogaamiyay tahay Ruush.