Shirkadda wadajir ah-stock Non-dadweynaha: articles ee ururka, diiwaangelinta

In ganacsatada waxaa jiray shirkadaha stock si wadajir ah aan dadweynaha. Oo dhan sababta oo ah beddelka cajiib Xeerka Madaniga ah la qaatay. Maxay yihiin? Waa maxay noocyada kala duwan ee ururada ee Russia u muuqday waafaqsan iyaga waxaa la jiray? Sidee dhawaajiyaan magaca saxda ah ee shirkadda si wadajir ah-stock aan dadweynaha, haddii aannu ku soconnaa in ganacsiga ee qaabka guud ee foomka sharciga ah ee ururka samayn? Waxaan isku dayi doonaa in aan ka jawaabo su'aalahan iyo waqti isku mid ah ka fiirso Gudigga ugu Muujinaysaan nuxurka tabo-dejinta.

Sharciga cusub

The arrin aan dadweynaha shirkadda si wadajir ah-stock, gebi cusub ee Russia. Eraygan ayaa lagu kordhiyay uun qaar ka mid ah dib u habaynta-dejinta fuliyay September 2014. Markaas waxaa u timid dhaqan galay qaar ka mid ah beddelka Xeerka Madaniga ah. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, shirkad si wadajir ah-stock of furan iyo kuwa xidhan sida noocyada qaab sharci ah shirkadaha helay magac kale. Haddaba, xagga dambe ee erayo kale - kuwaas oo, ah bulshada "dadweynaha" iyo "caadi ah". Maxaad ay matalaan?

By hadda shirkadaha dadweynaha ka mid ah ururada la saamiyada iyo securities in waxaa la geeyaa format furan (ama ku baayacmushtaray hoos xeerarka falalka sharciyeynta securities isbeddelkaas sharci ah). Noocyada kale ee hay'adaha ganacsiga - CJSC iyo OJSC - oo aan securities in wareegga lacag la'aan ah, la siiyey xaaladda "caadi ah". Waxa ay u muuqataa sidii magac "shirkada wadajir ah-stock", iyada oo aan lagu daro kasta. sidoo kale ogsoonow in format ururka ee shirkadaha, sida ODO ah, lama, mabda ', waxba waxana lagu tilmaamay iyo baabiiyo. Sidaas darteed, shirkaddu bilaabay ilaa bishii September 2014, waa in si haboon loo baxshay. New sidoo kale u shaqeyn doonaa in xaaladda la dhigay by sharciga.

The Gudigga of eraybixinta

In sharciga cusub uu jiro muddada lahayn wax uga dhawaajiya lahaa sida "shirkad aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock". Sayidka, sida foom sharci ah sida CJSC, laakiin ma uu qaadan toos ah analog ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii ururka weli kaydka, haddii aan la ordaya ee ganacsiga xorta ah, isticmaalka "shirkad aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock" ereyga iyaga ka gees ah waa suurto gal ah si aan rasmi ahayn. Taa baddalkeeda, shirkadda, kuwaas oo aan lahayn saamiyada (oo keliya caasimada idman) weli waa.

Sidaas darteed, kala bixiyc ugu weyn ee "sumcad" - kaydka ganacsiga furan iyo securities kale. Intaa waxaa dheer, khubarada ayaa sheegaya in aan ka yarayn muhiim ah waa arrin kale. "Sumcad" JSC, marka lagu daro, waa in ay ka muuqataa in ay charter.

Sidoo kale ogsoonow in hay'adaha sharciga dib-u-diiwaangelinta cusub in ay keenaan magacyadooda waafaqsan beddelka ma u baahan tahay si ay u fuliyaan si deg deg ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, in hirgelinta habka aan u baahnayn shirkadaha in ay bixiyaan lacag gobolka. Dhab ahaantii Interesting - beddelka Xeerka Madaniga ah, gudbiyo, ayaa lagu bilaabay maamulka sida ugu horreysa ee 2012.

Ltd. - waa shirkad aan dadweynaha?

In la ixtiraamo sida urur-sharci nooc oo ganacsi, sida shirkadda, in tixgelin of beddelka Xeerka Madaniga ah waxaa jira feature gaar ah. Dhinaca mid, in edition cusub ee Code of Company hadda lagu tilmaamay inay shirkadaha aan dadweynaha, ay la socdaan "hore" CJSC. Dhinaca kale, qaar ka mid ah qodobada Xeerka Madaniga ah ma dhihi wax ku saabsan isbedelka ku dhacay xaaladda. Sidaas darteed, shirkadda - waxa ay u muuqataa in ay noqon "shirkadda non-dadweynaha" sida shirkadda, iyo waqti isku mid ah, sida qaab madax banaan urur iyo sharciga ah ee shirkada.

Saddex nooc oo shirkadaha

Sidaas daraaddeed, waxa aan dhab ahaantii wax ka beddelidda sharciga ah? Ruush waa saddex nooc oo ka mid ah ururada.

1. Joint Stock Company Dadweynaha

Kuwani waa shirkadaha in ay leeyihiin saamiyada, qoqobada in wareegga lacag la'aan ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, this "hore" JSC.

2. Laba nooc hoosaad ka mid ah shirkadaha aan dadweynaha:

- AB, oo aan lahayn saamiyada ee wareegga lacag la'aan ah (waxay noqon kartaa sida "hore" CJSC iyo OJSC la soo degtey ee iibka securities), aan rasmi aheyn - "Shirkadda aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock";

- Company oo aan saamiyada.

Hore ee ODO baabiiyo. Waayo, kuwa shirkadaha in ay u suurtagashay in ay la abuuro in xaaladda this, hadda waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa safafka shirkadda.

Gudigga ee dib-u-diiwaangelinta

Waxa aad u baahan tahay inaad samayso waxaa horay shirkadaha ka diiwaan gashan? Ma waxay u baahan yihiin in ay qaataan ka bedelayaan iyadoo la raacayo xeerarka cusub ee Xeerka Madaniga ah? Qareennada rumaysan in ay jirto, iyadoo ay ku saleysan ee ka kooban oo ka mid ah caadooyinka of beddelka Xeerka. Xaqiiqada ah in cutubka 11 3 ee qodobkan sharciga la xiriira magaca ururka ee bulshada in lagu abuuray ka hor soo galo ciidan ah beddelka galay, iyo calaamooyin dadweynaha waxaa si toos ah loo aqoonsan yahay sida. Taa baddalkeeda, Shirkadda ayaa sidoo kale aan dib-u-diiwaan gelin kartaa, laakiin kaliya ilaa iyo haatan marka doonista in wax laga beddelo xeerka - sidaas oo akhrinaya article saddexaad cutubka 9-kii sharciga Hagaajinayna.

dib-u-diiwaangelinta geynta

Fiirso sida dib-u-diiwaangelinta (magaca) shirkadda waa in lagu shubaa dhaqanka haddii baahida loo qabo in weli ay jiraan. Habka wuxuu ka kooban yahay waxa soo socda talaabooyin aasaasi ah.

First, shirkadda buuxiyo arji foomka tirada R13001 ah, taas oo lagu ansixiyay Service Tax Federaalka. Shirkadda markaas lifaaq dukumentiyada soo socda in ay:

- Minutes of kulan ah aasaasayaasha (saamiyada);

- charter cusub ee shirkadda si wadajir ah-stock aan dadweynaha.

Duty, sida aynu kor ku sheegay, ma u baahan tahay inaad bixiso. Tallaabada xigta - keeno si ay u waraaqaha dastuurka ah. Gaar ahaan, Hao soo gaabiyay iyo muddada u dhigma "xiran Joint Stock-Company" waa in loo baxshay JSC. Ka dib markii in, waxa lagama maarmaan ah in la beddelo qaabka shaabadood, isbedel waraaqaha bangiga ka dhigi, iyo soodirtaa macluumaadka si wada-hawlgalayaasha oo ku saabsan xaqiiqada ah in hadda waa Company a - Shirkadda stock si wadajir ah aan dadweynaha. In xiriir this, khubaro qaar ka mid ah ayaa weli ku talinaynaa in la qabto nidaamka bedelayaan in qandaraaslayaasha iyo maalgashiga ahaa cad, la nooca adag yahay, ama dhici doona iskaashiga. Inkasta oo sharciga default ma aha in uu u baahan.

Qaar ka mid ah khubarada tilmaan, tilmaamayaa in cutubka 1aad ee qodobkan ku 97th of Code Tax ah, in JSC, kaas oo ay leeyihiin muuqaalada "sumcad", waajib in lagu daro in ay magaca ay calaamad u dhigma. "Non-dadweynaha" JSC in ikhtiyaarka kaliya sidaas oo kale sameeyaan laga yaabaa in, haddii saamiyada ku leeyihiin ujeedka in uu ku dhawaaqo in securities waxay noqon doontaa on Times furan.

Registry iyo Registrar

sidoo kale ogsoonow xaqiiqda ah in beddelka Xeerka Madaniga ah ee Ruushka, iyo sidoo kale ay la socdaan tiro ka mid ah sharci hoosaadka. Si aad kuwa, gaar ahaan, mid ka mid ah waraaqaha ka mid ah Bank of Russia. Waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa waajib ku ah ururada wareejiyo diiwaan-gaarka ah - haddii shirkad furan ama aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock - diiwaanka saamileyda. Tan waxaa looga baahan yahay oo dhan JSCs, sida uu u sheegay qareenno, in fulinta amar Bankiga Dhexe. Haddii diiwaanka shirkadda furan ama aan dadweynaha ee saamiyada weli waa mid ka mid ma dhiibay, Aasaasayaasha ay waa in ay fuliyaan taxane ah oo nidaamka. kuwaas oo:

- in ay doortaan diiwaanka, iyo sidoo kale kala hadli shuruudaha lagu hayo diiwaanka heshiiska;

- diyaariyo dokumentiyada iyo macluumaadka la xiriira;

- heshiiska uu kula diiwaanka;

- in aad u sheegtid (haddii ao waa qoray in sidaas la sameeyo) oo ku saabsan shirkadda rafiiqa,

- wargelin shakhsiyaad, kuwaas oo xogta ay joogaan in waraaqaha diiwaangalinta;

- si ay u gudbiyaan diiwaanka ururka rafiiqa,

- bandhigo galay macluumaadka Midaysan on diiwaanka;

All of nidaamyadan si ay u fuliyaan Bangiga Dhexe amartay JSC si October 2, 2014.

muhiimadda ay leedahay dib u habaynta

Waa maxay saamaynta ku ool ah oo dib u habaynta ku JSC iyo JSC? Khubarada waxay aaminsan yihiin in hadda dowladda koontarooli karaan hawlgalka shirkadaha si wadajir ah-stock firfircoon ka badan ka hor. Gaar ahaan, shirkadaha oo dhan u noqon doonaan hubinta khasab ah waa in ay qaataan meel, labada dadweynaha iyo kuwa saamiyada aan si cad kaga baayacmushtari jireen. Wax macno ah ma xaaladda Securities JSC. Xitaa foomka noocan oo kale ah ee ganacsiga sida shirkadaha si wadajir ah-stock aan dadweynaha, hubinta uu noqdo habka khasab ah.

Hantidhawrka ayaa sidaas ma aha in la lala danaha shirkadda dhawrku si wadajir ah-stock ama qofka la saamileyda shirkadda. Mawduuca ku saabsan hubinta ah - ee xisaabaadka iyo warbixinta maaliyadeed. Billow kormeer qorsheynin yihiin milkiilayaasha in ka badan 10% ka mid ah hantida shirkadda ee (saamiyada ama wadaagaan caasimada). Shuruudaha nidaamka this ka muuqan laga yaabaa in Charter Company ee.

Fiiro gaar ah sidoo kale in Code Madaniga ah soo bandhigay tiro ka mid ah beddelka kale in la dhamaystiro kuwa in aan tixgelin doonna. Gaar ahaan, shirkadda hadda shaqeyn karaan dad yar oo jagada Agaasimaha Guud. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaynuun ee shirkadda si wadajir ah-stock aan dadweynaha ama dhigiisa "furan" ku jira doonaa macluumaad ku saabsan awoodaha kasta. Waxa xiiso leh, xisaabiye sare waxay noqon kartaa mid aad keligaa. hal-abuurnimo weyn kale - noocyo qaar ka mid ah go'aanada ay qaataan ee saamiyada shirkadaha hadda in la nootaayo.

isbedel la taaban karo la xidhiidhaan, tusaale ahaan, midka caynkaas ah, si ay u xaqiijin liiska dadka ka qayb kulanka saamileyda. Waayo caadi ah shirkad si wadajir ah-stock dadweynaha aasaasay - habka soo saari kartaa qofka hayaa diiwaanka of saamileyda iyo waqti isku mid ah u adeegtaa sida dabeecad u ah guddiga tirinta. Kuwani waa tabo cusub. Taa baddalkeeda, in foomkan of urur ganacsi ah sida shirkadaha aan dadweynaha xadiday saamiyada, ilaalinta diiwaanka sidoo kale noqon kartaa hay'ad fulineed, laakiin ay shaqo, taas oo la xidhiidha qeexidda kooban ka qaybgalayaasha shirka soo dejin kartaa nootaayo. Intaa waxaa dheer, sida uu u sheegay qareenno dhowr, sifooyinka nidaamka this lagu sidoo kale ka diiwaan gashan karaa in charter ee shirkadda a non-dadweynaha - sharciga uusan si cad u ma mamnuucayo loo sameeyo.

Sidoo kale, version cusub ee Xeerka Madaniga ah in uu is beddelay nidaamka diinta ka mid ah bulshada in kale. Haddaba JSC noqon kartaa Ltd., iskaashi dhaqaale ama iskaashi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, JSC Khasaari xumaanlowgu xaq u leeyihiin inay noqdaan urur aan faa'iido doon ah.

heshiiska Corporate

WAX-Code Madaniga ah ayaa sidoo kale soo bandhigay in isbeddelkaas sharciga ah ee muddada cusub - ". Heshiis shirkadaha" Waxaa optionally sameyn karaa saamileyda shirkadda ee. Haddii ay sameeyaan in, markaas haddii shirkadda dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock, waxyaabaha uu dokumentiga waa in la shaacin (inkastoo xeerarka hadda maamula nidaamkan, ma weli u muuqday). Taa baddalkeeda, haddii "qandaraaska shirkadaha" ahaa shirkadda "hore" CJSC aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock waa inay soo bandhigto faahfaahinta ay sharciga ma qori.

Isbeddelka ku qaynuunnadii

Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah Gudigga in ay muhiim tahay in ay bixiyaan si ay u milkiilaha shirkadda ee dareenka, go'aansaday in wax laga beddelo xeerka ururka. edition cusub ee Xeerka Madaniga ah ee ku jira tiro ka mid ah shuruudaha cusub ee qalab siiyey dastuurka. Tixgeli waxyaabaha ay ku jiraan laga yaabaa in charter model shirkadda non-dadweynaha. Aqoontooda noqon kartaa mid waxtar leh marka aad la abuuro shirkad cusub, iyo in dib-u-diiwaangelinta ee hadda jira. Sayidka, qaabka qaynuunkii shirkad aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock waa in ka mid ah waxyaabaha soo socda:

- magaca ganacsiga ee ururka,

- calaamad u yihiin xaqiiqda ah in ay dadweynaha waa (haddii hawlaha dhabta ah iyo nooca tallaabo ay ku kulmaan);

- habka iyo xaaladaha ka yar taas oo la baadhaan doonaa, saamileyda codsaday qaba oo haysta ugu yaraan 10% of securities;

- Magaca tuulada halkaas oo shirkadda ka diiwaan gashan;

- liiska xuquuqda iyo waajibaadka Aasaasayaasha ee shirkadda,

- hab gaar ah oo saamiyada qaar ka mid ah wargelin doonaa kale ah in racfaan ka qaadan doonto in ay maxkamad la sheegashada madax banaan;

- liiska xuquuqda dhigay sameeyayaal dhismeedka shirkad maamulka collegial;

- macluumaad ku saabsan qaybinta awoodaha ee u dhexeeya qaababka kala duwan ee shirkadaha gudaha.

Maxaa Gudigga kale waxaa ka mid ah shaqada on charter ah? Waa in la ogaadaa laga yaabaa in xaqiiqda this: marka ay jirto diiwaangelinta ka mid ah shirkad si wadajir ah-stock aan dadweynaha, dokumentiga ugu wayn dastuurka looma baahna in la sameeyo warbixin ku saabsan saamiga kaliya. Ama, tusaale ahaan, warbixin ku saabsan sida si loo ogaado ka kooban oo ka mid ah kulamada saamileyda - sharciga dareen this milkiilayaasha shirkadaha si gaar ah lagu qabtay siinayaa xorriyad qaraabo ah tallaabo.

Tusaale lagu dayan karo ee charter shirkad aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock ah, oo aynu kor ku xusan, waxa kale oo aad ku kaabi kartaa tiro ka mid ah qodobada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay u baahan tahay go'aan loo dhan yahay oo Aasaasayaasha ah. Laakiin haddii la helo, waxaa loo oggol yahay inuu mid noqoshada ee dokumentiga aasaasay oo ka mid ah qodobada soo socda:

- on su'aalo in la go'aansaday kulamadii guud tilmaamayo, aqoonta dhismaha shirkadda maamulka collegial;

- go'aan ka mid ah xaaladaha keeni abuurista Guddiga Audit,

- oo ku saabsan sida la kulanka saamilayda 'hab gaar ah;

- on amarka of xaq u pre-rebshedaha si aad u iibsato securities in ay yihiin bedeli gelin hantida shirkadda,

- on habka of tixgelin shirka Guud ee arrimaha, sida uu sharciga Ruush, ma dhici gudahood ay ragu wado.

Tani waa tusaale aad u xoqdo ee charter shirkad aan dadweynaha si wadajir ah-stock. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Gudigga muhiimka ah, kuwaas oo faa'iido badan ee ganacsatada in ay fiiro gaar, waxaan taabtay.