Nidaamka badan Dhawaaqa qaraxa gantaalka "Tornado": sifooyinka. "Tornado-G" - nidaamka gantaal Daah badan

Tobaneeyo sano, dhaqmaadka 1963 rakibo "Goon" wax aan loo siman yahay ee tayada dagaalka uu, daacad iyo isku halaynta - inta badan tilmaamayaasha dhaqanka ee hubka Ruush. Inkastoo horumarinta dheeraad ah oo fikirka ah madaafiic ah gantaalada badan, muujiyey in muuqaalka kore ee "Hurricane" iyo "Smerch", waxa ku hadhay ugu badan ee Ciidamada Soofiyeeti, iyo Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore ka dib markii ay burburtay, iyo meel ka durugsan xuduudaheeda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqtiga waa hagar, sida horumarka duurka ku of technology military. In meel of caadiga BM-21 waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan bedelay habka dab ah oo kubad "Tornado". Features of iskhexgalida cusub muunad "Gradovsky", laakiin lacagta, taas oo ku kici doona re, sidoo kale, waa mid cajiib ah. Sidee xaq qiyaas noocan oo kale ah sii kordhaya Russia ee awoodda difaaca? Su'aashani waxay u baahan jawaab faahfaahsan.

MRLS hub

About Katyushas, madaafiic ilaalada caan ah, qof walba waa ogyahay, ugu yaraan in dalkeena. Dabeecaddiisa kartana ay muujiyeen xagaagii 1941 iyo dagaalkii oo dhan ka cabsan jirin askari Wehrmacht iyo ciidammadooda oo ka mid ah sokeeye ee Nazi Germany. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamka gantaal u muuqatay ka badan sidii hore. Tusaale ahaan, intii lagu jiray go'doominta of Odessa (1854) koox dad ah oo ka mid ah ciidamada Expeditionary British iyo Faransiis duqeeyey magaalada soo saaray ma aha oo kaliya cannonballs, laakiin gantaalo. khasaaro badan gantaalo ku dhuftay, laakiin xaqiiqada ah tani waxay ahayd kiiska, iyo dhab, haddii hub this ma ahaa cibaaro ah, oo kaliya ka fekero taariikh military Chinese qadiimiga. Taasu waa, sida la isku raacay by kubad ka. Kaliya in ay dhacdo taallo dhicidda iyo daboolaya bartilmaameedka waxa uu noqonayaa mid wax ku ool ah. By deegaanka, ku garaacday Katyusha, ka dibna "Goon", "Tornado" iyo "Hurricane." Currently, ugu horumarsan waa habka dab kubad "Tornado", kaas oo hore u bilaabeen in ay u soo galeen adeegga. MLRS kasta Kharashka Miisaaniyadda 32 million rubles. Oo way u qalantaa.

qabtaan hogaanka

Russia - dhashay ee nidaamka dab Salvo. Waxay ahaayeen nooca si hufan hubka ee hadda xitaa kala hadlay arrinta aqoonsiga hubka burburka culus geysta, iyo dalal qaar ka mid ah oo diiday in ay u isticmaalaan. Haddii ay timaado heshiisyada caalamiga ah in la xaddido tirada MLRS la aqoon. Inta badan, siday suuragal u ah ee dhacdadan lagama yaabo. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in, inkastoo ay horumar weyn ee ku yaala goobahan by samaynta Soviet, on dhigano guulaheenna nasan maanta dhigooda Ruush aadan haysan. Oo West iyo East la sameeyey guuldareysteen isku dayaysa in ay abuuraan hub loo isticmaalo "on aagga." Nidaamka cusub ee "Tornado" gantaalo dhowr ah waa in ay jawaab u tahay isku day in ay garab Russia ee arrinta, kuwaas oo waxaa dhaqan ahaan loo arkaa hogaamiye.

toogashada masaafada

MLRS sida nooc ka mid ah hubka ay leeyihiin tiro ka mid ah cillado, mid ka mid ah taas oo ah (iyo laga yaabee ugu muhiimsan) waa aragti lagu jiro toogtay. Sawaxanka engine gantaal oo qiiq ah unmask batteriga. Way out of dhibaatadan laba. Waxaad samayn kartaa "giraangiraha dhaqdhaqaaq" oo si degdeg ah ka tago jagada si looga fogaado aarsi ama bixiyaan toogashada uguma aysan ku filan. Taasi waa hab labaad ayaa isku dayaya in ay gaaraan isugu raacan samaynta Western. MRLS top Dibadda ee kala duwan waa sida soo socota:

1. WS-2D (PRC) - 200 km.

2. M270 MLRS (USA) - 140-300 km, iyadoo laga gano caadiga ah - 40km.

3. Lynx (Israa'iil) - ilaa 150 km.

4. Astros-II (Brazil) - ilaa 90 km.

5. Lars-2 (Germany) - 25 km.

6. Nooca 75 (Japan) - 15 km.

record MRL Chinese fogaan ah oo uu leeyahay gano ugu weyn heerkiisa kubad (425 mm).

Sidee guul doonista in ay dhacdo xafiiltanka dab si toos ah nidaamka cadaawayaal shisheeye "Tornado" gantaalo? Astaamaha u gaarka ah ee ay wax yar ka sarreeya kuwa ka mid ah si fiican u yaqaan "Castle", ugu yaraan at jaleecada hore. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma wax walba waa sidaas fudud, meel fog shot waxay ku xiran tahay nooca laga gano.

kala duwan ee "Tornado"

Marka la barbardhigo A fudud ee tirada ma sharxi badan. Marka hore, waqtiga xaadirka ah ku Army Ruush waa mid ka mid kaliya wax ka beddelid - "Tornado-G". nidaamka Dhawaaqa qaraxa gantaalka Multiple noocan ah waxaa loogu talagalay isticmaalka gantaallo 122mm, laakiin ka gooni, waxaa jira MRL subscripts kale isagoo "U" (220 mm) iyo "C" (300 mm). Dhammaan saddex baarka leeyihiin Heer sare ah ee dabacsanaan, jidaynayey isticmaalka sida rasaasta caadiga ah ee "Goon", "Hurricane" iyo "Tornado", iyo sidoo kale gaar ah, iyadoo jeer laba iyo badh masaafada u. Oo kanu waa wax kale.

schematic guud

nidaamka dab kubad "Tornado" waa design a qaybsan, dhajinta on drive afar-wheel a off-road bas-6950. Bedelida ah "S" ku qalabeysan yahay labo blocks ka mid ah lixdii foosto, iyo "G" - pyatnadtsatistvolnymi sidoo kale laba. Tani waa 2B17 mishiinka, laakiin ay codsi waxtar leh waa wax kale oo aad u baahan tahay qayb ka mid ah qaybinta. loading waxaa fuliyay by gaadiidlayda gaar ah (TPM), maamulka dab lagu "curiyaha-BM" adag. nidaamka ugu weyn ee bixiya gool cover damaanad qaaday waa AGFCS (nidaamka gacanta iswada, hanuun iyo dab) "Success-P." Waa in iyada nidaamka Dhawaaqa qaraxa gantaalka badan "Tornado" shaqaale ah oo laba qof karaa kaliya konton ilbiriqsi ka dib markii la ogaado ee bartilmaameedka, ama macluumaad ku saabsan in dab la furo mahad.

sharpshooting

Dhaqan MLRS keeni dab Nursi, in uu yahay mortarro. Tani waxay gaadhaysaa Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee hubka - burburinta cheap iyo mass. Laakiin dhaqaalaha this jirsado ku dhowaad kala firidhsan sare, maxaa yeelay, in nuxurka Nursi ma aha badan oo kala duwan ka ay awowayaashood Chinese qadiimiga ah. Waxaa jira saamiga hanti, sida uu sheegay taas oo at 100 fog kilometnovoy ogol weecasho ee 200-oo mitir. hab A xoogaa kala duwan tusay abuuray NWD "Tornado-G". nidaamka Dhawaaqa qaraxa gantaalka badan ayaa qolofka rasaas la beegsado shaqsi, awoodin in ay bedesho dhabbihii ee xaddidan, ingress bixiya si heer ah in u baahan yahay saxnaanta gaar ah (tusaale ahaan, in taangiga ama dhibic xoogga leh ee difaaca). Dheellitir UAV dab ama navigation satellite.

dhaqdhaqaaq

Marka la eego MRL deg deg unmasking dib ugu horeysay, waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd in ay bixiyaan suurtagalnimada ee farsamooyinka geeddiga deg dega ah iyo xisaabinta. "Tornado" nidaamka dab kubad bilaabi kartaa dhaqaaqin xitaa marka qolofka rasaas iyada by, ma aysan gaarin bartilmaameedka iyo waa in diyaarad, sida nidaamka iyo hanuunku u bixisaa saxnimada, damaanadna itimaalka hooseeyo baahida ay howleheedii.

jiifku Cross-dalka kuu ogolaanaya in aad u guurto xirta garoonka xawaare 85 km / h. dalka Cross, dabcan, ku dhaqaaqdo gaabis ah, laakiin dhaqdhaqaaqa waa ku filan in ay ka jawaab u ah meesha ay dhibaatadu saameysey baxdo. bar hal daqiiqo oo kaliya ayaa loo baahan yahay si ay u diyaariyaan kubad soo socda ee "Tornado". nidaamka Dhawaaqa qaraxa gantaalka badan, taas oo si weyn u badnayn sifooyinka waxqabadka of tilmaamayaasha iyo xuduudaheedu ah "Castle" ah, sidoo kale waxa uu shahaadada sare uguma iyo qarsoodi.

rajada

dadweynaha guud ogyahay in xilliga hadda la joogo oo qayb ka ah Ciidankii Artillery MRL 8aad gaar ah, ee ku sugan Crimean, dhowr cabbir ka kooban yihiin technology ugu dambeeyay. Qaybta ugu horraysa heli nidaamyadan noqday Ilaalada th Ciidankii ee 944, oo ku yaalla Volgograd. Total Ruush Army ayaa dhowr daraasiin (oo loo yaqaan for gaar ah oo ku saabsan lix iyo soddon) "Tornado-G". nidaamka Dhawaaqa qaraxa gantaalka Multiple galaa ciidan, taas oo ay jirto badalka qorshaysan ee "Goon", "Tornado" iyo "Hurricane" hal-abuurnimo teknoolojiyad sare. waxaa isku mid ah dhacdaa si tartiib tartiib ah waxarashada ee shaqaalaha kuwaas oo u yaqaaniin doonaa nidaamka hanuun casriga ah iyo gacan ku haynta dab, isuduwidda shaqo ee ay falsayeen iyo is-dhaafsiga macluumaadka qubanayo in shuruudaha ku dhow inay dagaalka,. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa ay sii wadaan in ay u shaqeeyaan si ay u hagaajiyaan MRL design ka. Gaar ahaan, si loo hagaajiyo saxnaanta mustaqbalka dhow, waxaa la qorsheeyey in ay isticmaalaan qolofka sirdoonka gaar ah oo awood u leh dulsaar iyo qabsato oo xuduudaheedu rasaas si toos ah. Waxaa sidoo kale meelaha lagu UXO fog iyo miinoyinka macdanta la isticmaalayo "Tornado" gantaal. rajada The waa khubaro rumaysan isticmaalka dhirta si ay u abuurtaan gantaalo hanuuniyey, oo ay ku jirto safar, oo muujinaysa heerka sare ah caalamiyeen of MRL cusub.