Museum British: sawiro iyo dib u eegis. Museum British The in London: bandhigaa

Ha qaldo haddii aynu nidhaahno in, laga yaabee, ugu caansan soo jiita dadka dalxiisayaasha UK waa Museum Ingiriiska ee London. Tani waa mid ka mid ah khasnadaha ugu weyn ee dunida. Waxa la yaab leh, waxaa si lama filaan ah waxaa la abuuray (iyo sidoo kale matxafyada kale oo badan ee dalka). Its ku salaysan waxay ahaayeen saddex ururin gaar ahaaneed.

Museum British wuxuu ku yaalaa meel ka mid ah 6 hektar dhismayaasha ayaa la dhisay muddo ka badan boqol sano. Waxaa ku jira soo bandhigaa oo dhan dhaqamada yaqaan dunida maanta. Museum The British ee London - mid ka mid ah hay'adaha yar Yurub ee heerka this, kaas oo xiiso ma aha oo kaliya u gaar ah, soo bandhigaa oo dhif ah. Dhismaha laftiisa waa taallo ah oo qiimo taariikheed iyo dhaqan.

Isagoo da 'aad u horumarsan (250 sano) waxaa si toos ah xiriir la leh taariikhda dalka, taas oo ah cilmiga dabiiciga ah curisey. Waxaa laga yaabaa in uu yahay sababta aan sokoeye iyo artist, saynisyahan, naturalist, waa aasaasaha shirka caanka ah. Waxaan ka hadleynaa dhakhtar boqornimada maxkamadda Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753). Intii uu nolosha, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan si ay u ururiyaan ururinta weyn ee soo bandhigaa kaladuwan, sayniska dabiiciga ah iyo farshaxanka, oo wakiil ka ah qiimaha weyn.

Museum British: bandhigaa

feature The garan museum this - noocyo kala duwan oo badan oo soo bandhigaa. curiosities qaddiimiga ah oo kaladuwan yihiin dhinac la farshaxankiisa, waxyaalaha dabiiciga ah garabka-sayniska, qoraal gacmeedyada hore, buugaag iyo farshaxan.

Museum of History

Museum Qaranka Ingiriiska bilaabeen in ay taariikhda ee 1753. Waxay ahayd markaa in naturalist ka Hans UK Sloane Dulsan uu ururinta gaar ah ee qaranka. Furitaanka matxafka lagu ansixiyay fal gaar ah oo ka mid ah Baarlamaanka ee Great Britain. By 1759, markii matxafka si rasmi ah uga bilowday hawsheeda, a collection of bandhigaa buuxsameen maktabadda reer boqor.

farshaxan

Waa ururinta luul ah kama taagna, oo kibir leh ee British Museum. farshaxan waxaa loogu yeeraa Parthenon mutuleel (ama mutuleel Elgin). Magaca waxay heleen sharaf of Tirada ka, kuwaas oo iyaga ka soo bixiyey wakhtiga Greece ay. Maanta, matxafka faanaa ururinta ee dunida ugu weyn ee farshaxan Asian. waaxda Antiquities Masaarida leeyahay ururinta, tirintii ku saabsan 66 kun oo nuqullo, iyo ururinta Greek qadiimiga ka kooban yahay tiro ka mid ah masterpieces caansan dunida ee: taalada Demeter, isku dhaceen ka mid ah Pericles iyo kuwa kale.

Magacyada abuuray iyagoo aan weli la ogeyn, inkastoo ay la aqonsado iyo baaxadda shuqulladiisa. Waxaa jira version a in Sidaana iyo friezes of Parthenon ah - shuqulka sculptor caanka ka Greece (Phidias), kuwaas oo la kormeerayo dhismaha Acropolis ah. Ma aha oo kaliya dalka this isku dayay in uu ku soo laabto ka mutuleel Parthenon. Taa baddalkeeda, England waa in degdeg ugu jirin inay macsalaameeyo leh khasnadaha karaayi. dhinaca kasta wuxuu leeyahay opinion gaar ah oo ku saabsan arrintaan: Gariigta ah yeedhay dhoofinta xatooyo Mala'igtu karaayi, shaqaalaha museum British aaminsan yihiin in farshaxan cabbirkan ka burburinta badbaadiyey.

Malaha, labada dhinac in ay xaq u gaar ah. Earl of Elgin qaaday ansixinta dawlad aad u gaarka ah, waayo, dhoofinta alaabta qaar ka dalka. By waqtiga ay la wareegeen British Museum, Parthenon ka badan qarni ah, waa in la arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee oo duqoobay.

Rosetta dhagax

Shaki la'aan, tani waa mid ka mid ah soo bandhigaa ugu caansan, kuwaas oo waxaa iska leh British Museum. Artifact laga helay goor dambe oo qarnigii XVIII. Waxa uu ogol yahay Jean Champollion (Faransiis taariikhyahan-Orientalist, nin afaf ka barto) si ay u turjumaan hieroglyphics dalka Masar. Maanta, relic this salaamaya booqanaya hoolka museum dalka Masar.

hooyaday Katabet

Saddex iyo badh kun oo sano - da'da priestess hooyaday Aamoon-Ra, magiciisa la odhan jiray Katabet ah. Meydka gabadhaas ayaa iyadoo maro ku duudduuban. Qofka daboolayaa maaskaro sharraxnaan jirtay, taas oo muujinaysa sida sawirka of a priestess. Waxa xiiso leh in sarcophagus ah waxaa markii hore loogu tala galay ragga. Muuqaal kale oo ka mid ah hooyaday this - Haweenka Brain, in la barbardhigo dhammaan xubnaha kale lama baabbi'in.

Hoa Haka-Nana-IA

Collection of British Museum leeyahay jawharad kale. farshaxan Tani Tahiti, ka Easter Island keenay. Waxaa lagu magacaabaa HOA Haka-Nana-IA. On magaca this Ruush tarjumayaa "xaday (ama qarsoon) kasta." Markii hore Moai xardhay image waxaa la rinjiyeeyay midab cad, iyo kuwo gaduud, laakiin muddo rinjiga ayaa yaraaday, fuqa iyo bandhigi tuff basalt. Tani wax dabiici ah raagaya waxaa loo isticmaalay in soo saaridda of farshaxan mabda'a.

gadhka ah Sphinx Weyn

Thanks to dadaalka Dzhovanni Batisty Caviglia, hooyo a of Italy, British Museum leeyahay in element ururinta ay ka mid ah gadhka Great Sphinx. dalxiisto caan Caviglia go'aansadeen in ay qodo soo jiidashada ugu weyn ee Giza. Henry Salt (Ambassador British) gelin xaalad ganacsiga Talyaani in dhammaan waxyaabaha laga helay, waxa uu waajib ku ah inay wareejiso British Museum. Jajabkii ka hadhay oo gadhka ah in Caviglia hadhay cammuudda, hadda kaydiyaa Museum Masar ee Qaahira.

Library of British Museum

Waxa uu noqday saldhig u aasaasay 1753, a collection of Dr Makumbe Anglo-Saxon iyo qoraallada Latin ururiyey by Sir Hans Sloane. Fikradda ah abuurista maktabad ay taageerayaan George II. Waxa uu ugu deeqay matxafka by Maktabada King Edward IV. Waxa kale oo 65 kun oo nuqul ka muuqday ururinta 1823. Waxa uu ahaa hadiyad in King George III. In 1850, dhismaha matxafka waa mid ka mid ah qolalka reading ugu caansan dunida oo la furay - shaqeeyeen Karl Marks, Lenin, iyo dad kale oo caan ah.

maktabadda qarnigii 20aad

Munaasabadan ayaa waxaa ugu weyn ee taariikhda Library British ah ee dhacay qarnigii XX ah. afar ururinta qaranka ee buugaagta lagu darsoomeen July 1973. Later ay biiray maktabadaha of Scotland iyo Wales. In 1973, Nidaamka Maktabadda waxaa la aasaasay. Waa wax ku ool ah ilaa maantadan la joogo - akhristayaasha ka heli kartaa buug ah oo ku jira UK.

Qarnigii la mid ah (XX) in ururinta Library British ah ayaa u muuqday qoraal gacmeedyada Buddhist iyo buugaagta daabacan horeyn ka Dunhuang. In 1933, British Museum soo iibsatay Russia for a boqol oo kun oo pounds Codex Sinaiticus - Mala'igtu Christian qaali ah in xoog Soviet tixgeliyo waxaa loo baahnayn in bulsho Cilmaaniyadda.

ururinta maktabadda

Maanta waa ururinta ee dunida ugu weyn ka mid ah buugaagta, qoraallada iyo qoraal gacmeedyada. ururinta wuxuu ka kooban yahay in ka badan hal boqol iyo konton kun oo nuqul. Tan iyo 1983, waxa uu u muuqday in ay Maktabadda Qaranka Sound Archives. Halkan, qoraalo iyo cajalado sanqadhii, qoraal gacmeedyada shuqullada muusikada sii - ka Handel in "Beatles The".

sawiro

British Museum ayaa bandhig weyn ee waxyaalaha fanka. Laakiin haddii aynu la hadal oo ku saabsan qayb ka ah tayada, ma aha liita Louvre ee Paris, ama St. Petersburg ee Hermitage. Sida laga soo xigtay tirada masterpieces dunida-caan of British Museum ayaa loo siman yahay ma. Waxaa ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu caansan dunida oo dhan, laga yaabaa in aan macquul aheyn in ay mid ka mid ah, kuwaas oo sawiro ka maqan kulanka London ka heli.

gaadhista gallery

Dabcan, isagoo ku taal xeebaha Albion, waxaan doonayaa in aan u bartaan farshaxanka meeshan. Habkaani wuxuu bixiyaa Museum British buuxa. Farshaxankiisa Ranjiilayaasha weyn wakiil Bbc iyo Wehbe of Lawrence iyo Gainsborough, farshaxankiisa garneel lagu Hogarth ee. Waxay muujiyaan dugsiga asalka British tahay in ay kala duwanaanta. Rinjiyeynta England tartankii la farshaxankiisa caanka ah by fannaaniinta Talyaani, Spain, Holland, kuwaas oo si weyn loo matalayay National London ee Gallery.

Halkan waxa aad ka arki kartaa "Virgin dhagaxyada" (Leonardo da Vinci). Tani dambe farshaxankiisa doorasho lagu kaydiyaa at Louvre ah. Kooxda martida Museum raaxaysan karaan lix farshaxankiisa by Botticelli. iyaga ka mid ah waa jawharad dhabta ah ee odayga - "Venus iyo Mars". bandhigay shuqullada sidoo kale wakiil Piero della Francesca, Antonello Messina, Veronese, Tintoretto, Tiziano.

Haddii aad nasiib ku filan si ay u booqdaan Museum British yihiin, ma seegi ururinta ah farshaxankiisa by Carlo Crivelli - uguurtay, kuwaas oo ku noolaa iyo shaqeeyay qarnigii XV ah. Maanta, shaqada of this sayidkiisa ku weyn ma aha sida caanka ah sida dhammaadkii qarnigii XIX ah, marka uu "Madonna Rondino" ayaa weyn soo tiriya - 2184 lbs. Waxaad si ay u fahmaan qiimaha ay leedahay shaqada this, waxaan la soco in sawirka kaliya ee hadda jira in gallery ee rinjiile weyn Della Francesca ahaa heleen waqti isku mid ah at 241 pounds.

The ururinta ugu muhiimsan ee matxafka waa School Netherlands. Waxay ka kooban tahay afar farshaxankiisa Yana Van Eyck. In museum kasta oo dunida ma jirto khasnadihii sida. Qiimaha ugu weyn - waa mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee ah farshaxankiisa - sawirka of Arnolfini. Halkan waxa aad ka heli kartaa ogyahay shuqulka Memling, Kampen, Christus, Bosca, van der Weyden, roonaadaan iyo xiddigaha kale ee rinjiyeynta Vlaamse. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaad arki doontaa farshaxankiisa by Rubens, Brueghel, Rembrandt, van Dyck.

Ha ku wareegsan ha u tageen dareenka shuqulka ku qaarjisay kooxda ee Delft - rinjiile Dutch ee qarnigii XVI ka. Museum British waxay leedahay laba shuqulladiisa. Waxaa la, i rumee, wax badan. The ugu dahsoon ee fanaaniinta Holland, qaarjisay kooxda, tegey shaqooyin aad u yar in ay yihiin ee dunida oo dhan in account gaar ah. Xitaa keliya lix ka mid ah farshaxankiisa lagu arki karaa in uu u dhashay Holland.

Waxay jeelyihiin in si ballaaran ee matxafka qoreysa shuqullada caanka Spanish - Murillo, El Greco, Ribera, Goya, Zurbaran. Hal-abuurka rinjiile ugu weyn ee Spain Diego Velaskesa wakiil ka ahaa sagaal iyo farshaxanka, iyo iyaga ka mid ah waxaa jira mid ka mid ah ugu caansan shuqulladiisa - ". Venus hore ee muraayada"

ururinta Jarmal ah meelo aan ahayn sida ballaaran. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shuqulkii sayidkooda weyn sida Cranach, Altdorfer, Holbein, Durer, Poussin, Watteau, la heli karo in matxafka.