Markab weyn oo anti-gujis "Kerch": description, taariikhda iyo xaqiiqada oo xiiso leh

Markab weyn oo anti-gujis "Kerch" - waa saddexaad oo ka mid ah toddoba caanka 1134. weelashii Project B, taas oo la abuuray ee Nikolaev (Ukraine). Muddo dheer Girkooda waxay ahaayeen unugyada dusha cadowga ugu awoodda badan (oo goor danbe si ay u abuuraan taxane ah oo design ka yar tirada 1155). Markabka ayaa waxaa loogu tala galay in ay ka qayb kooxaha search-iyo-durbaanka si ay u aqoonsadaan iyo baabi'iyo quusta cadowga dhammaan qaybo ka mid ah badda. Magaca doonnidii la magacaabay ka dib markii ay geesiga-magaalada eponymous. Muddooyinkan danbe, waxa uu loo xilsaaray in ay Badda Madow Fleet ee Ruushka. Waa mid ka mid ah laba markab oo ah ku darajo wayn ugu horeysay. labaad waxa loo yaqaan markab ah "Moskva".

dhismaha

Dhab ahaantii bilowga ah ee 2011, lix ka mid ah toddobadii maraakiibta mashruuca (1971-1979 sano), taas oo lagu daray Navy Soofiyeeti, ayaa laga saaray unugyada, iyo sidoo kale hoos jooge ee Navy Ruushka iyo kala dhantaashay for duugga ah. Ku-simaha on Badda Madow Fleet ahayd oo keliya markab antisubmarine gaar ah oo waaweyn (B ex. 1134.) "Kerch".

Dhismaha markabka bilaabay 1971, index dhismaha ee 2003. ah Markii ugu horeysay doonnidii la hoos u biyahay galeen in July iyo laba iyo toddobaatan, oo wuxuu galay hawlgalka dabayaaqadii 1974. On sagxad ah ee doonnida, oo ku jira ilaalinta antisubmarine ku seventieth Brigade 30 Division of Badda Madow Fleet, calanka Soviet waxaa wax tara. The dekedda rasmiga ah ee guriga noqday magaalada Sevastopol ee 1999, tirada qolof bedelay in 733.

sifooyinka

Kuwa soo socda ayaa ku soo koobin ugu muhiimsan ee farsamo ee flagship reer Fleet Badda Madow:

• shaqaalaha / barakaca ugu badnaan - 6700/8565 tons,
• dhererka / width / qabyo - 173.5 / 18.55 / 6.35 mitir (ugu badnaan);
• powertrains - afar GTE DN-59 weheliso labada of matoorrada GTE DS-71;
• awood rating - mid ka mid boqol iyo laba kun iyo siddeed boqol oo hooras;
• beegyada uu xawaaraha (Maarso / buuxda) - 18/33 Guntin;
• muddada koorsada at 32 kuus kuus - 2760 miles,
• fidmad - 2 * FPP;
• madaxbannaani - bilood iyo badh on stock ee raashin, intii soddon maalmood ah - kaydka shidaalka-biyaha,
• markabka - afar boqol iyo soddon qof.

Guriga anti-gujis markabka "Kerch" dhowr jeer waaweyn bedelay tirada qolof. index Last - 713.

1976-1985 sano

Markabka dagaalka ugu horeysay howlgalka dhoofay Badda Mediterranean-ka (laga bilaabo 1976). Uu Girkooda hortiisa ku dooday qayb ka mid ah ciidamada Midowga Soofiyeeti inta lagu jiro khilaafka Israa'iil ee la Lubnaan. Xilliga xagaaga ee sanadkan in, markabka dekedda guriga ay ku noqdeen. Markaasaa waxaa warbaahinta dheeraad ah ee biyaha badda Mediterranean (1977-1978, 1979).

In 1978, guulihii ay markab gujis anti-weyn "Kerch" waxaa la guddoonsiiyey abaalmarinta gaar ah by takhasuska gantaal dowladda, iyo dhowr bilood - ". Waayo, geesinimada iyo rag xoog badan" Difaaca Laydhka

Laba sano ka dib, doonnidii la siiyay rogid ee Golaha Military Red Banner ka CFP. In xilliga dayrta ee 1981 flagship ka guurtay geesoolayaasha tababarka dagaalka (biyaha Sevastopol) ah. On guddiga goob joog ka ahaa Soviet Marshal Moskalenko K. S. In xilliga dayrta 1982 markabka ka qayb qaatay jimicsiga badda "Shield-82", laba sano ka dib - ee tartanka "Soyuz-84". In xagaagii 1884, markabka tageen booqasho rasmi ah u Varna (dekedda Bulgarian siweyn looga).

dayactirka hore iyo horumar

Dhamaadka booqasho oo laga gami markabka aan ku Qaddarray ka soo baxay oo ku saabsan jadwalka at shaqada soo socda dagaalka. xubin shaqaale A ayaa la hubiyaa joogitaanka iyo lacagta oo saliid ah rasaas farsamo ugu weyn ku dheehan powerplant jejebiyey. Markabka ayaa la gaarsiiyey guraan ee dayactirka.

Ka dib markii lagu casriyeeyo Girkooda "Kerch" waxaa lagu qalabaysan nooc cusub oo ka mid ah hubka:

• "Kacdo" nidaamka gantaal,
• flak "Storm-H";
• qalabka isgaarsiinta "Tsunami";
• nidaamka "Cyclone" iyo "boletus";
• sorokapyatimillimetrovymi rasaas qoryaha.

Inta lagu jiro hagaajinta markab dab ku qasan saraakiisha qabtay. Dabka ayaa bilaabay inuu u saaray oo kaliya ka dib markii labaatan daqiiqo, laakiin doonnidii la badbaadiyey, waxaa khasaare nafeed ahi ma. Xilliga xagaaga of 1989 "Kerch" booqday Istanbul, iyo in August dib u tageen inay Varna.

1993-2011 sano

Bandhigyada joogsan, a markab weyn oo anti-gujis "Kerch" ayaa shil ku galay deked yar a taaban karo ee Sevastopol Bay. Sidaas darteed, daran a lahayo ku halis ah, waxaa guursaday afar iyo toban maalmood si aad u hesho dayactir loo sameeyey. In June-July 1993, doonnidii waxay ugu dambeeyey ee meesha qarnigii labaatanaad, halkaas oo waxaa jiray xiriir la gujis Maraykanka nuclear.

By natiijooyinka 1993 ee goobaha dabaasha military ku guulaystay abaalmarinta Guddiga Main qalabka gantaal Navy Ruushka. Oo sannadda soo socota, a markab weyn oo anti-gujis (BPK "Kerch") wuxuu ahaa on March ee badda Mediterranean ka, kaas oo socday toddoba iyo toban maalmood. Markabka ayaa waxaa la siiyaa booqasho Borisa Eltsina in Greece. Waxa ay ahayd markii danbe ay u guurayso Varna, Cannes iyo Messina. In 2005, shaqada dayactirka hadda lagu fuliyay sanadkii Novorossiysk. Oo waxay u sameeyeen inta lagu guda jiro bedelka ee turbogenerator ah, qaar ka mid ah lagu sameeyaa shuqullada qolof, hareen lix milimitir line guud garaaca wadnaha oo go'an hoose iyo motor ku rakiban.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

"Kerch" - Markab antisubmarine weyn (262-B, "Stary Oskol" - weel cusub, kuwaas oo, kadis ah, oo ku saabsan in ay ka shipyards u soo degin inuu badalo jir-saacad yahay), kaas oo dhawr sheekooyin aan caadi ahayn la xiriira. Intaa waxaa dheer, uu ku xanuunsaday dababka dhowr iyo ramming deked yar a la taaban karo, weel ku lahaa fursad ah in 1992, tagaa on safar ka dib burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti calanka ee dalka in mar dambe ma jirto.

In xagaagii 2011 Girkooda sameeyay ilaalo muddo laba toddobaad ah markab gantaalada Mareykanka "Monterey." Inta lagu jiro muddada ahaanshaha in hab heegan joogto ah, markabka ayaa ka badan boqol iyo siddeetan kun oo mayl-badeed. Sidaas darteed of anti-gujis iyo hawlaha la xiriira, waxaa suurto gal ahayd in ay ilaaliyaan xidhiidhka la quusta nuclear ajnabi ah siddeed saacadood. On quusta shidaalka naaftada muddadaas ahayd abbaaraha afartan saacadood.

Inta lagu guda jiro dayactirka la qorsheeyey in 2014-2015 sanad on dab flagship mar kale ka dhacay. Wakhtigan, a markab weyn oo anti-gujis "Kerch" yeeli si aad u daran. Su'aasha ah ay isticmaalka dheeraad ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadka ka walaacsan isku dayayaan si looga hortago this ka dhigi markab matxaf. Markabka ayaa sidoo kale ka yar yahay bacdi ee Degmada Koonfurta Bari ee Moscow, Belgorod iyo maamulka Volgograd.

gunaanad

In ka badan taariikhda dheer ee Naval Fleet ee USSR weelashii military badan la dhisay, oo wakhtigaas waxaa lagu tiriyaa sida horumar iyo casriga ah. Nasiib darro, labaatankii sano laakiin aan ka turjumi kartaa on gobolka maraakiibta. Qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa la burburinayaa iyo jarjar biraha duugga ah.

Ilaa hadda baxsaday Girkooda qaddar this "Kerch", sheeko abuurniinta iyo hawlgalka siinaya xaq u leedahay inaad caddayn kalsooni - taasi waa mid ka mid ah kooxda heysata horyaalka ugu waxtarka badan ee Badda Madow Fleet. dab kale oo ku saabsan markabka si xun u burburay qalabka, ee la xidhiidha this, su'aasha soo baxdo, waxa la sameeyo leh markabka ee soo socda? Waxaa la rajeynayaa in ay heli doonaan isticmaalka wanaagsan - haddii aan garoonka dagaalka, ka dibna sida soo bandhigid matxaf.