Kuwaas oo ahaa Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich?

cilmi badan ayaa isku dayay si aad u ogaato oo ahaa Lomonosov sayniska Ruush. Qeex gaaban waa halkii ay adag tahay, maxaa yeelay, saynisyahan ahaa qof oo isu. Waxa uu xiiseynayay in labada saxda ah iyo cilmiga bani'aadamnimada.

asal ahaan

Mikhail Lomonosov ku dhashay November 19, 1711 tuulada of Mishaninskoy. Meeshu waxay ahayd oo ku taal duleedka Russia - ee ka fog waqooyiga gobolka Arkhangelsk ah. dhalasho saynisyahan Future iska Pomerania. Aabbihiis Basil Dorofeyevich ahaa by heerka maxaliga ah, baayacmushtari barwaaqo. Waxa uu ugaadhsado kalluumaysiga. Marka Michael ku soo koray, aabbahay wuxuu bilaabay inuu ku qaado on safarka.

Lahaanshaha xagga woqooyi u fog waxaa muhiim ah sida mid ka mid ah qaababka ugu muhiimsan, si loo ogaado oo ahaa Lomonosov. Xataa qaangaarnimada Mikhail badan oo waraaqaha sayniska dalkoodii, iyo sidoo kale astaamaha deegaanka maxalliga ah, tusaale ahaan, arrin cajiib ah nalalka waqooyiga soocay.

formation

Lomonosov koray nin dhallinyaro cajiib ah, laakiin meel hooyo ahayn hay'ad hal, halkaas oo uu ka heli karo waxbarasho. Xitaa uu bartay akhriska iyo qoraalka oo kaliya in ay dadaalka karraaniga mahadi.

In 1730kii, nin dhallinyaro sagaal iyo toban ayaa guriga ka baxay oo ganacsiga jiido u tageen inay Moscow orday. aabbihiis iyo aayo ka mid ah ujeedooyinka uu, oo uu muddo dheer la rumeysan waayay ma uusan u sheegin. qof Taasi waxay ahayd Lomonosov (dhashay low-Pomorie), isaga looga hortago laga yaabaa in ay galaan Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy ah. Si aad u qaadato carruurta oo keliya qoysaska sharaf leh. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa in ka badan wax uu rabay si ay u bartaan. Markaasuu wuxuu ku yidhi, ina sharaf leh, weli cadaato in lagu qoro Academy ah.

Lomonosov ayaa si deg deg degtay sidii ardaygu ugu fiican. Waxaa isaga soo diray inuu sii wado waxbarashada, marka hore ee Kiev, ka dibna St. Petersburg. Wakhtigan, kaliya bilowgii hawsheeda Academy of Sciences qoyska. Waxay doorteen ardayda ugu fiican oo lagu bixiyo kharashka dadweynaha waxaa diraya dibadda. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaan ku dhuftay University Lomonosov ee Marburg ee Germany. Waxaa uu noqday ogyahay sayniska Western, kaas oo muddo dhawr sano ee uu ahaa ka hor Ruush ah. Dawladdu waxay isku dayeen in ay yeeshaan waxbarashada ee boqortooyadiisa dhallinyarada, laakiin xitaa this lahaa inuu shaqaalayaal u kireeyo khubaro ajnabi ah. Marka Lomonosov ku soo laabtay dalkiisa 1741, wuxuu doonayay inuu abuurto in hooyo caadooyinka Western ee la xiriirta sayniska.

The Academy of Sciences

In la fahmo waxa ay ahayd Lomonosov, wareejiyo meelo ku filan, halkaas oo uu ka shaqeeyay intii uu kubada cagta tacliinta dheer oo cajiib ah. In 40eeyaha xirfadda dhallinyarada ah ma ka tago xafiisyada ku Kunstkammer, halkaas oo uu ku Hawiyaha ee dunida sayniska dabiiciga ah. Waxa uu si guul leh turjumay qoraalka sayniska Western ka Latin iyo Jarmal galay Ruush.

In 1745, dhacdo ka dhacday taas oo muddo dheer sugayeen Lomonosov. Professorship ahaa riyo u tari jirtay oo dhan iyo yaraantiisii. Waxaa lagu abaal saynisyahan 35-sano jir ah, oo uu sha on kimistari ku saabsan mowduuca ah sifooyinka biraha. Oo ay la socdaan horyaalka ee Professor Lomonosov sidoo kale helay knighthood ah. Tan iyo markaas, uu ka daalin soo shaqeeyay caasimada ee Academy of Sciences.

comprehensiveness University

Waayo, qarnigii XVIII dhan Russia lahayn cilmiga more dareemi badan Mikhail Lomonosov. Maxaa sayniska isaga xiiseynaya ugu? Su'aashani waxa aan la si cad u jawaabay karaa. Lomonosov waqtiyo kala duwan qudhiisa u huray in taariikhda, makaanikada, chemistry iyo mineralogy. Wuxuu ahaa Cunid iyo hal-abuur, ay ka mid yihiin ranjiyeynta iyo gabayada.

Sida cilmiga weyn Lomonosov had iyo jeer ku dhowaaday inuu awood wayn. Inta ay hawsha u yimid boqortooyada Elizabeth. Marka ee 1754 ka Moscow State University ayaa waxaa la aasaasay on mashruuca Lomonosov ah. Mikhail sida mid ma fahmi muhiimadda ay leedahay horumarinta waxbarashada dalka.

In diyaarinta qabyada ah Tacliinta Sare Lomonosov caawiyay statesman caan ah Ivan Shuvalov. Waxa uu sidoo kale noqday curator ugu horeysay ee jaamacad muhiim ah. Ka dib dhimashadii jaamacadda Lomonosov magiciisa, oo uu ilaa iyo haatan leeyahay helay.

naturalist

The saynisyahan Ruush ugu caansan loo yaqaan aqoonyahan oo ka mid ah cilmiga dabiiciga ah. Waxay yihiin shaqo badan, qoraaga kaas oo diiradda lagu saaray Lomonosov. jirka waxa uu ahaa taageere ah oo qaab-dhismeedka qaaradda ka mid ah aragtida arrinta. In qarnigii XVIII waxaa aan weli la xaqiijiyay, waxayna lahayd wax badan oo ka soo horjeeda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si ay u indha-indhaynta muddo-dheer iyo tijaabo mahad, Lomonosov gaarnay heer ah in wax kasta oo ka kooban yahay u taagoo, oo wuxuu u bixiyey corpuscles yimid.

Mikhail jeclaaday inaad wax ka barato chemistry iyadoo la kaashanayo of physics iyo sharax dhacdo dabeeci ah by cilmiga kuwan. In beerta this Lomonosov helay sharciga ilaalinta of mass. Waxa uu sidoo kale siiyey qeexidda ugu horeysay ee sayniska ee kiimikada jirka. Ma aha la yaab leh, taas dhab sameeyey Lomonosov. jirka ayaa bartay kaydka weyn ee waxa markaas ahaa suugaanta sayniska dabiiciga ah ee reer galbeedka. Waxa uu turjumay Ruush tiro ka mid ah fikradaha oo ma jira ereyada qaranka.

cilmibaadhe luqadda

Mikhail Lomonosov, sannadaha cimrigaaguna dhacay ma in xafiiska, laakiin inta badan ee Academy of Sciences, kulan oo uu saftay badan ee dadweynaha. Oo wuxuu lahaa inuu la soo horjeeda ku doodayaan, si ay u caddeeyaan daacad u ah warqad-qaadashada iyo D. sidaas on. Sidaa darteed, in 50s ee, Lomonosov si fiican ku hawlan hadalkiisaa.

Uu sayniska maskaxda ku dhigay fikir kasta warqad ka dhigi doonaa sida aragtida ah. Gaar ahaan sababta Mikhail qoray oo la daabacay "Guide A kooban oo si hadalkiisaa ku," taas oo markaas muddo dheer in jaamacadaha caan ah.

Rich oo adag af Ruush ahayd meel kale in uu xiiseynayo in Lomonosov. Field ee naxwaha sayniska iyaga bartay si fiican. Wuxuu unbaa loo arkaa arrin nool Ruush luqadda in si joogto ah la beddelo. Gaar ahaan maratay waxa uu ahaa cad oo kaliya in qarnigii XVIII ka, markii Russia ayaa si xoogan u saameeyay dhaqanka reer yurub gaar ahaan dalka Jarmalka.

Dabcan, Lomonosov gees u taagnaan kari waayeen ka hawlgaladaa. Waxa uu ku qoray "naxwaha Ruush", kaas oo ka soo baxay si faahfaahsan oo dhan xeerarka isticmaalka luuqada Ruushka. Waqtigaas, ee aadamaha guriga, ma aan ogayn waxbarashada faahfaahsan oo sax ah sida on this topic.

dhimashada

Mikhail Lomonosov, dhintay April 15, 1765. Sababta uu dhintay wuxuu ahaa pneumonia. Ak tirsan sayniska Ruush ahayd oo keliya in '53. Horeba intii uu noolaa oo magiciisa si aad u hesho sumcad wanaagsan. Tani waxa ay xaqiijinaysaa in xaqiiqda ah in wax yar ka hor inta uusan dhiman, Lomonosov booqday Catherine Empress II. Waxay dhawaan u muuqday on carshigii, laakiin had iyo fariida hawlaha ka mid ah cilmiga, sida ay ku jirtay xad dhaaf sameeyay.

jaamacado badan oo Yurub ah ayaa ku farxay in aad professor cilmibaadhe this badan dhala, sida Lomonosov. Waa maxay horyaalka uu ka helay ee intaa dheer in this? Tusaale ahaan, in Bologna iyo Stockholm Academy of Sciences ee isaga loo doortay xubin sharafeed.