Kuwaas oo ahaa hindisa koowaad ee raadiyaha?

AS Popov - hindisa ee raadiyaha, kaas oo noqon ku faano dalkeena karo. Isagu wuxuu bilaabay in uu barto hirarka electromagnetic, iyo xataa macallin ahaa koorsooyinka ku habboon saraakiisha. Waxaa Popov helay elektrovolnam codsi ku ool ah u furan Hertz. Waayo aragnimadii uu u horeysay ee saynisyahano bilaabay celceliyay of tijaabo loo yaqaan discoverer. Laakiin muddo ka dib, Popov abuurtay hab dheeraad ah oo xasaasi ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo in lagu ogaado hirarka electromagnetic. Qalabka, oo uu ku tashaday waayo, sababtan aawadeed, ayaa loo magacaabay "coherer", oo wax fiiriyey sida tube galaas leh faaradda biraha buuxiyey a. Inside waxay waxaa la geeyaa laba electrodes. On dhexgalka ee korontada iyo biraha soo saaray waxaa ka koobnayd mabda'a oo dhan been abuurtay ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si kor loogu qaado saamaynta tiriyaa xilliyo gaar gariirin tube si balka ma wada soldered. Si joogto ah u soo saaraan habka this gacanta, AS Popov noqday aalad CONTACT-isticmaalka. Ka dibna, waxaa loo baahan yahay in la xoojiyo tallaabo ee coherer ah. dhulka Sayniska mid ka mid ah electrodes ah, iyo labaad ee ka soo kiciyey oo ku lifaaqan goosin ka mid ah silig. Tan iyo antenna hore abuurtay ee qaabilaadda wireless. Hadda korontada yar garabaka been abuurtay waa saynisyahan a, laakiin mabda'a ay tallaabo waa ku dhawaad uusan waxba iska badalin tan iyo markaas. Marka laga reebo hab loo xakameeyo ilaha laga helo tamarta, sida waxaa hadda loo isticmaalo ujeeddooyin sida qalabka Semiconductor.

Dad yar ogahay in hindisa caanka ah ee radio Popov, tixgeliyaa horyaal ah oo keliya nala. In America, tusaale ahaan, waxaa loo yaqaan magac ka duwan - G. Marconi. Last runtii ahaa aabbe raadiyaha laakiin dareenka ganacsi. Waxa uu marka hore la aasaasay saarka radio iyo qabsaday inta badan suuqa, halka our, saynisyahan Ruush shaqeeyay dheeraad ah si taxadar leh oo degdeg ugu jirin in ay ka baxaan been abuurtay "ceeriin" ee wareegga loogu isticmaalo dadweynaha. Waxaa cad in Popov, ka duwan asxaabta ganacsiga, eryadeen ma gool iibka shakhsiyeed. saynisyahan waxa uu doonayay inuu sameeyo radio heli karaa, in uu been abuurtay adeega aadanaha oo dhan. Muran on alifay Fadilmo ha joojin muddo ka badan hal qarni. Inkastoo, sida xaqiiqada ah, waxa uu noqon lahaa cadaalad ah in ay qaataan horyaal run ah oo duurka ku of Heinrich Hertz kuwaas oo helay hirarka electromagnetic iyo hab gudbinta badan meel fog.

alifay ee radio noqday si rasmi ah la aasaasay sanadkii 1895. Sida taariikhda, halkan u yeedhay laba tiro. Waxa ay noqon doontaa mid sax ah si ay sheegayaan in dhacdo muhiim ah ayaa ka dhacay toddobaad May in ay style cusub. The more, in tirada this waxaa la yiraahdaa, buugaagta iyo buugaag badan. On maanta, hindisa ee radio markii ugu horeysay noo muujiyeen farcankaaga saynisyahano walaalahooda kulan ee St. Petersburg. Markaas gudbinta ugu horeysay signal dadweynaha ayaa la sameeyey, meel fog of 60 mitir. Tan iyo May 7 la xusaa sanad walba ee Russia sida Day Radio ee, fasaxa qof kasta oo ka shaqeeya warshadaha ee isgaarsiinta.

Popov - hindisa ee raadiyaha, on kuwaas oo qoraalladiisa ku salaysan injineerada military shaqada. dadka kuwa ugu horrayn qiimeeyo ma dedejiyo in natiijada la gaaro, iyo tayada iyo isku halaynta of been abuurtay finalka. Digayaan in industry ee ciidamada ayaa had iyo jeer muhiim ah, oo ilaa xad mudnaanta, taas oo sii kordhay qiimaha shaqada ee saynisyahano our. Markii hore, si kastaba ha ahaatee, kala duwan ee signalka waa miskiin. laakiin AS Popov waxaa si joogto ah shaqada it on, hagaajinta uu been abuurtay. The gudbinta long-distance kowaad wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay ka gudbaan marinka 250 mitir. Wax yar ka dib ku salaysayn khalkhalgelinta joogto ah, saynisyahan uu guulo weyn - 600 mitir. Inta lagu guda jiro dagaaleed ah by Badda Madow Fleet qaadeen, saynisyahan ka sameeyay tijaabo mar kale dadweynaha. Natiijooyinka markii ugu ahaayeen cajiib ah - 20 km. Dibad- waxaa la qabtay 1899. Oo laba sano ka dib Popov u awoodin inuu keeno been abuurtay gudbinta seenyaalaha raadiyaha dhaxayn 150 km. Waxa la ogaaday in signalka suurto gal ah iyo telefoonka. Ilaa waqti isku mid ah, si uu shuqulka kalluumaysatada cilmiga, laga badiyay on floe baraf ah ee Gacanka Finland mahad la helay. Sidaas daraaddeed, badbaado dadka, wuxuu bilaabay shaqada la taaban karo ee la alifay cajiib ah Popov. Wax yar ka bilaabay hordhaca ah ee isgaarsiinta raadiyaha dhammaan dhinacyada nolosha, oo ay ku jiraan ujeedooyin milatari - ee raxan iyo ciidamada dalka Ruushka.