Izhevsk warshad mooto: alaabta, photos, xiriirada

Maalinta mooto dhalashadiisa - 29 August. On maanta ee 1885 injineer Jarmalka oo xariif ah, Gottlieb Daymer, imtixaanay uu alifay ee engine batroolka. design The, kaas oo lagu rakibay engine noocooda yahay taayir laba iyo xawli ku dhaqaaqay. Sayidka ayaa la Been abuurtay mootooyinka ah.

In Russia, Zaman ee mootooyinka ka dib bilaabay. Warshadda mooto Izhevsk ayaa hoggaamiyaha in ay warshadaha. Halyeeyga lagu daydo ee mootooyinka iyo hadda laga heli karaa magaalo walba iyo tuulo ka mid ah dalka. kala duwan oo waaweyn, awood u leh inay macno cusboonaysiiyo "on jilibka ah" in garaash kasta, waxqabadka sare, kharash yar - taageerayaasha mootooyinka brand iz nostalgically laga yaabaa inaad Liiska ku faa'iidooyinka iyo aad u hesho sababo cusub u soo kabashada ee wax soo saarka.

Tijaabada ugu horeysay

Isku day in la abuuro mooto caadada ee Russia ka bilaabay xitaa ka hor inta kacaanka, ee 1913-14 sano. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in ay iftiin ka model ee Switzerland oo ay qaybo ku saleysan "Dux" warshad (Moscow) ururiyaan. Waxaa qorshaynayso in ay wada baabbi'in dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, oo ka dib 1917 kacaanka. isku day The soo socda, guulaha badan, waxaa loo sameeyey in 1924 ay gacanta ugu jiraan Design Bureau PN Lviv. Injineerada ay awoodaan in ay la qorsheeyo oo ay soo saaraan in 1925 model mootada fudud, waxaa loo bixiyey "Midowga".

Waxay lahaa horumar, waqtiga design ah, faa'iido ugu weyn ee steel Barakaca 500 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran oo ganaax guga on wheel gadaal. wax soo saarka Mass la raacin, noocooda ayaa maray baaritaano gaar ah iyo haddii ay taasi ku badan yahay, maxaa yeelay, profile ah "Dux" wax laga badalay geedka. Si aad u qorshayso iyo bilowdo soo saarka ee mootooyinka ah noocyada guryaha ku guulaysteen in ay 1928. The saldhig loogu rakibo awoodda noqday Izhstalzavod. Waxaan horumariyo ah mooto ugu horeysay ee xafiiska si gaar ah gurato ah mooto, injineer sare iyo madaxa kaas oo ahaa naqshadeeye halyeeyga Peter Mozharov.

Ka bilow ah shan top

P. Mozharov ahaa in jacayl la mootooyinka iyo hooyo Izhevsk dhaqaaqay in mootooyinka swatch Jarmal. In uu u Dhiibaan workshop Izhstalzavode la furay, iyo hal sano oo keliya waxaa la abuuray 5 mootooyinka maxkamad IL. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ayaa la baaro oo loo diyaariyey baxsad ah muhiimadda All-Union. The ugu horeysay mooto Soviet IL-1 dunida arkay on 17 September 1929, miisaamay 300 kiilo. Qaabeeyaan dabeecadaha farxeen oo ka mid ah mootooyinka koowaad:

• IL-1 iyo IL-2. Waxaa la abuuray noqotay waddooyinka adag ee baadiyaha. In qalabka - in-line engine la laba dhululubada, jir steel, isku halaynta sare, xawaare gudbinta Buugga qaybo doorsoon abuuray odnobrusnaya jir dibadda ah, oo lagu daray weyn ahaa iftiinka cirka ka dhalaalaya oo uu leeyahay qaar ka mid ah tabo cusub. IL-2 model - maaisaaniyadda IL-1 a. Laakiinse aakhirkeedu wuxuu of mooto kowaad wuxuu ahaa faa'ido kale, oo muhiim u ah dal ay gaadiidka gaarka loo leeyahay waxay ahayd dhibaato. On IL-1 tegi karin afar rakaab ah, laba mooto iyo laba in riixo.
• IL-3. Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee model, kanu wuxuu ahaa "warwareega" engine brand kuwaas oo crankshaft waa transversely. mooshin Drive oo ka mid ah gadaal wheel (silsilad) waxaa la geeyaa xero ku xidhay oo saliid lagu buuxiyey.
• IL-4. Waxaa ku qalabeysan engine laba-stroke leh hal sumadda dhululubo ah "istaajiyo" giraangiraha gadaal yihiin usheeda dhexe. model Tani waxa ay ahayd ka daaraysaa shantii top.
• IL-5, ama "ka kooban." design isticmaalo unugyada mooto sumaddii "Neander" waxaa sii horumariyo by fargeeto hore, jir noocooda la bedelay.

Imtixaanada wadada

soo bandhigidda ayaa ka dhacay on Midowga stadian mooto ee 1929. Tartanka ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay markii labaad ee taariikhda. mootooyinka IL si guul ah ka adkaan track ee 3300 kilomitir, oo ay awoodaan in ay ka kaxeeyo Izhevsk in Moscow. Ka dib markii natiijada tartanka, model ah IL-4 ayaa lagu talinayaa in wax soo saarka mass. Laakiin, "Izhstalzavod" sababtoo ah culayska uu ahaa awoodin in ay bilaabaan wax soo saarka serial. Mozharov wada jir ah ula koox ka mid ah samaynta dhaqaaqay Leningrad, halkaas oo uu shaqo bilaabay on dhismaha fudud brand mooto L-300.

wax soo saarka serial Prewar

Ilaa soddon jirka ahayd ee wax soo saarka mooto mass ee USSR ma uu ahayn, laakiin su'aasha ah tab Shirkadda tixgeliyo. Waayo, mootooyinka saarka serial ayaa loo baahan yahay ma aha oo kaliya dhirta shirka iyo warshad meesha soo saaray dhammaan qaybaha, qalab, halkaas oo ay jiraan awooda shaqaalaha si ay ula qabsadaan dhibaatooyin heer kasta. Go'aanka waxaa loo sameeyey ay guushu ku Izhevsk, halkaas oo warshad hubka Berezina, wuxuu markaas noqday saldhig u tahay shirkadda cusub ee uu ku yaalay. Warshadda mooto Izhevsk asal ahaan loo yaqaan warshadaha mooto khibrad leh.

Hore loo qorsheeyay in ay sii daayaan "Waxa nagga - A-750" (version culus). Its qaab lagu daray liiska engine V-qaabeeya, iyadoo labo dhululubada, engine 747 xabadaha TDP ahaa 15 hp The afar shay-baarka ugu horeysay ee model this ayaa u soo fasax Maalin May 1933. Mawqifkaa waxaa la model ah mooto culus soo saaray dhowr noocyo ka mid ah IL-7 sambabada. Sidaas darteed, mooto saarka serial loo ogolaaday model sahlan, laakiin isbeddel weyn in loo baahan yahay in la dagaallanka for the "yaraynta foosha." nuqulka ugu dambeeya ee model ah ee IL-7 lumiyo loox jirridda, gacanta ceejinta ayaa lagu bedelay cabbire ah ka gashey ayaa la sameeyey si loo fududeeyo iyo kuwa kale.

In 1933, warshad mooto Izhevsk soo saaray 111 baabuur. Heerarka sii daayo way sii kordheen, waqti isku mid ah waxay ahaayeen shuqulkii xafiiska design ah, halkaas oo lagu daydo cusub ayaa la soo saaray iyo casriyeeyey kuwa hadda jira. In 1938, waxa ay bilowday wax soo saarka ee mootooyinka IL-8 engine 300 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran. qalabka Power kordhay ilaa 8 hooras.

In 1940, Izhevsk warshad wax soo saarka mooto bilowday wax soo saarka ka mid ah IL-9 model. Awoodda hawlgala of mishiinka horay 9 hooras ahaa. In isku midka ah, shaqo bilaabay on hirgelinta IL-12 model ah, kaas oo ku salaysan model ah ee A-8, ee ay soo Design Bureau Leningrad ee. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in ay bilaabaan wax soo saarka mass ee 1941, laakiin dagaal ka qarxay.

The xal post-dagaal

Inta lagu guda jiro colaad warshad mooto Izhevsk ayaa diiradda lagu saaray arrinta qoryaha iyo hubka yar yar. Nooleenta mooto bilaabay ka dib guushii ay sanadkii 1946 ku dhawaad isla markiiba. Sida uu qabo sharciga ku saabsan magdhaw ka Germany u gudbiyey in la sawiro Izhevsk iyo qalabka of warshadaha Jarmal, taas oo dar dar geliyay awood horumarinta. ganacsi ayaa abuuray xafiis design cusub, oo waxay bilaabeen diyaarinta wax soo saarka ee model cusub oo mooto IL-350, oo ku salaysan design ka dhigay saamiga Jarmal DKW ee 350.

noocooda ah ee warshadaha ee Jarmalka ayaa waxaa ku habboon dalabaadka Soviet iyo fursadaha co-soo saarka. mootooyinka duwashada IL bilaabay warshad hubka ah. Laga bilaabo halkan on warshadda mooto Izhevsk ee Midowga Soofiyeeti u noqday hoggaamiye ee wax soo saarka ee mootooyinka.

La awoodi karo oo tayo leh

Ilaa iyo dhamaadka 60 ka, in la kordhiyo mugga ee wax soo saarka, xooga ugu weyn ee la saaray ee design iyo wax soo saarka ee lagu daydo qalabka isboortiga, dhigay midab Izhevsk warshad mootooyinka ah. Products, kaas oo yimid ka conveyor ka soo baxay, waxay ahayd in baahida labada suuqa gudaha iyo dibadda. In 1946, shirkadda la casriyeeyay model ugu horeysay post-dagaal ee mootooyinka. Casriyeeyey muunad laga badiyay fargeeto baaralalogaraam u dhacsan, waxaa loo loogu talagalay in lagu bedelo telescopic ah. awood Engine kordhay 14 hp, waxa uu sameeyay isbedel la taaban karo ee ka joojinta. Its design cusub siiyey stroke khafiif ah, iyo deyn lagu jiro mooshinka.

Inta lagu jiro muddada konton aan galay wax soo saarka afar daydo mooto cusub. The ugu horeysay ee taxanahan la sii daayay mooto IL-49. model ayaa la qalabeeyey engine-hal dhululubo leh nidaam qaboojinta dual oo laga safeeyey, casriyeeyay ganaax of wheel gadaal, fargeeto telescopic ah. Gudbinta Speed lahaa saddex jagooyinka. baaskiil waxa uu ahaa fiican ee guulaysanaya off-road baadiyaha. Ayaa sidoo kale la sii daayay IL-50, 54 iyo 55. Awoodda mootooyinka u kacay inuu 18-19 hooras.

Muddada ubax ee fadhiidka ah

Tan iyo 1966, waxaan bilaabay in ay soo saaraan daydo cusub ee baaskiilada wadada on Motor Izhevsk ee Plant. Waxa intaa dheer in muuqaalada cusub ee technology, magacyada cusub oo hadda noqday halyeeyga :. "IZH Planet" iyo "iz Jupiter" Baaskiilka "IZH Planet" la soo saaray iyadoo ay ku saleysan daydo of IL-56. Waayo, qoyska cusub ee taangiga shidaalka mooto ayaa dib uqaabaynta, dib u habaynta design kursiga, qaybood (oo hore, gadaal), iskaamiinto ah.

"IL-Jupiter" oo la abuuray oo ku salaysan IL-56 mooto. Waayo taxanaha cusub ayaa loogu talagalay in engine cusub oo leh laba-dhululubo, laba-stroke la is qarxiyaan nidaamka qaboojinta hawada laba. Isku dar ah oo shaqo loo diyaariyey in carburetor ee engine ah, gubta by dhimbiil oo koronto ku dhululubo ah. Waxaa sidoo kale ka dhigay tiro kale oo weyn oo tabo cusub.

Laga soo bilaabo 1971 in 1975 ka shirkada lagu daydo wadada mootooyinka conveyor 'IZH Planeta-3 "," Jupiter IL-3 "," IZH Planeta Sport "," iz Jupiter 3K yimid. " Halkaa marka ay marayso, qalabka wax soo saarka ayaa si heer sare iyo awoodaha ka mid ah shirkada si weyn u kordhay. In xafiiska design ka shaqeeya on daydo cusub, hagaajinta dhaqanka "izhey" si degdeg ah ka dhacay, saameeyaa waayo-aragnimo iyo awoodaha of warshad weyn oo. Qaar ka mid ah lagu daydo mootooyin lagu abaalmariyey sumadda tayo badan warshad ku faani Izhevsk mootooyinka ah. dayactir loogu talagalay dhamaan noocyada qalabka la heli meel kasta dalka oo dhan.

Baaskiilka "IZH Jupiter" shan daydo kala duwan ee tayada, tirada ugu weyn ee beddelka helay mooto "IZH Jupiter - 5", waxaa jiray 22 magacyada. "IZH Planeta" model lahaa shan fursadaha, model ugu caansan ahaa mootooyinka ah "IZH Planeta Sport".

Ilaa 2000 ka,

By ka 80s hore shirkada lagu riday hawlgal xarunta soo-saarka cusub aadka iswada. awoodda sii daayo Its qiyaasay ahaa 450 kun oo metric. Baaskiilado sano ah. Inta lagu guda jiro 1981-82. Warshad soo saarta mootooyin lagu daydo 'IZH Jupiter - 4 "iyo" IL Planet -4 ". In 1985, wax soo saarka bilaabay in model 'IZH Jupiter - 5 ", iyo in 1987 la daabacay mootooyinka ah" IZH Planet - 5 ". Wixii model this waxaa la sameeyey dib-uhabeynta awoodda fiirin iyo engine 22 l e ah. a. Wax yar muuqaalka casriga ahaa oo dhan mootooyinka soo saaray IL.

Ilaa bilowgii 90meeyadii Bureau Design ee loogu talagalay horumarinta model mooto cusub oo ku salaysan jiifay engine Japanese HT-550. Farsamada loo yaqaan "Oriyon", "Marathon", lagu daydo "Oradyahanka" muuqan astaamaha farsamo sare, design horyalka Talyaaniga oo ballan qaaday rajada weyn ee hirgelinta mashaariicda.

Laga soo bilaabo 1992 ilaa 1996 ee mootooyinka warshad Izhevsk dhigi horumarinta u gaar ah - iz xamuul module 9,604 oo dhinaca bixinin IL trailer 9,204. modules dheeraad ah ayaa loogu talagalay in lagu dhejiyaa on model mid ka mid ah mooto "Jupiter" iyo "Planet". Si aad u dhigay module xamuulka loo baahan yahay in meesha laga saaro wheel gadaal ah mooto iyo qol kaydinta ammaan sidaas heli a soo bishkleetiga caga xamuulka.

Saddex sano (1995-1998 GG.) In warshad horumartay matoorada cusub iyo bamka culus ee is-priming. In 1997 baaskiil ah waxaa loogu talagalay gaadiidka ee qalabka la dagaalanka dabka IL 6,92001 iyo model xamuul iz 6,920 GR. By sannadkii 2000 ku dhawaaqay shirkadda horumarinta design a baaskiil cusub ee style ee helicopter ah (IZH 6.113-05), horyaalka shaqada - "Junker".

isbedel

Inta lagu guda jiro jiritaankeeda, Izhevsk Motor Intaa waxaa dheer in la sii daayo mootooyinka ku lug leh wax soo saarka ee alaabta military, iyo ilaa 1988 sirta ahaa ku jiifay ee shirkada. Ugaarsadaan qoryaha saaray Warshadda mooto Izhevsk ah, loo yaqaan tan iyo 1948, waxay ku adkeeyey wax soo saarka mass ka dib dhamaadka dagaalka. Dibudhisid waxaa si xoog leh u saameeyay profile ah ee wax soo saarka, shirkada waxaa magacooda loo baxshay sanadkii 1992 galay shirkad si wadajir ah stock "Axion".

IZhmoto warshad, ku hawlan wax soo saarka ee mootooyinka kacday sannadkii 2008 oo si rasmi ah aan xad lahayn mothballed. Recently, warbaahinta waxay bilaabeen inay soo baxaan daabacaadda ganacsadayaal Chinese inaan soo nooleeyo xiisaha Izhevsk warshad mooto. horumarinta Photo, ma heli wax soo saarka qiyaasta buuxa ee, model ah taariikhiga ah ee baabuurta ugu horeysay, oo maanta dhigaysa aragti weyn.

rajaynayaa

Maanta, dukaanka, halkaas oo hore u soo saaray mootooyinka, madhan. Sida laga soo xigtay dadka ay awoodaan si ay u arkaan saldhig wax soo saarka shirkadda ayaa ku hadhay meel deyr leh, halkaas oo mar ahaa warshad mooto Izhevsk. Xiriirada kala yihiin: Udmurdskaya Republic, Izhevsk, ul. Telegin, Dhismaha 30.

Sida laga soo xigtay warbixin rasmi ah, warshad mooto Ltd. Izhevsk (Izhevsk) ku hawlan soo saarka ee mootooyinka, mootada, baaskiilada wasakh iyo strollers. In 2014 yimid daabaco a suurto gal mootooyinka IL reincarnation. Mashruuca ayaa xiiseynaya in China, halkaas ayaa sheegay in Shiinaha ka dhigi doonaa inay Udmurtia wax soo saarka gaarka ah ee baaskiiladaha, iyo kala hadlay suurtogalnimada uu soo saaro mooto IL-7 taxane, laakiin sida ay wax yihiin maanta, waxaa lama yaqaan.