Italy: Lombardy iyo Crown Lombards

Lombards The (Langobardi Latin.) Macno ahaan waxaa loola jeedaa muddo dheer oo gadh.

erayga Lombard in ay xaqiiqsadaan macnaha asalka ah oo uu ka mid ah waa mid aad u fog tahay fikirka ah "wax qaali rajo Markaasaa Ananiyas tegey ka dibna abid soo furan." Eraygan waxa loo yaqaan semi-duurjoogta ah Faransiis, kulul, nin muddo dheer la laalo dhiig Jarmal. Long-gadh - in Laatiin, Langobardi doonaa - Lombards. Faransiis The u yeedhay Lombards ah.

gobolka Talyaaniga, halkaas oo ay markii hore degeen Lombards ah, iyo ka dib noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Lombardy. Lombards A, Oo barbariyiintiina gobolkii Lombardy, ka dib markii burburinta Templar Knights ee qarnigii hore XIV (meel quduus ah marna waa faaruq), ku hawlan ganacsiga bangiyada. Ku jiraan siiyey deyn xaqiijisatay by dahabka iyo qiimaha leh oo kale. Sidaa Lombard.

Lombards The duulay waqooyiga Italy qarnigii VI ah. Hoggaamiyahooda, adigoo amar boqornimo ahaa Alboin. Laba sano ka hor, waxa uu ku guuleystay Gepids, dadka kale Germanic, oo la hadlay Lombards ee luqad isku mid ah. Alboin gacanta u gaar ah boqorkii reer Cunimund Gepids dilay. From dhaladii cadowga uu, wuxuu iska dhigay koob oo khamri ah, iyo gabadhiisa guursaday. aroosadda faraxsanayn la odhan jiray Rosamond.

Monk Sigebert of Gembloux, taariikhqorihii ah Dr Makumbe, wuxuu qeexayaa goobta this:

Alboin mar wareejiyay iyada koobkii, isagoo leh, "Ma cabniin ah la aabbihiis," qof dumar ah oo aad ugu cadhooday, oo wuxuu sameeyey sidaas, ayuu lagu dilay sariirtiisii, Squire.

Oo Pavel Diakon, isha ugu weyn ee taariikhda Lombards ah, ku siinayaa faahfaahinta qaar ka mid ah:

Ka dib markii aabbihiis Rosamunde dilay, Alboin ku amray in la sameeyo koob dhakadiisii. Oo mar uu kula macaamiloodeen aflagaado dhimanaya Rosamund, iyada qasbo in aad cabto ka dhakada aabbihiis. La go'aamiyay si aad u hesho aargoosiga, Rozmunda ka codsaday in ay ka keydsan kara boqornimada Helmegisu in uu ahaa iyada lover. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu ka cabsaday inuu keligaa tag oo wuxuu u bixiyey si ay u caawiyaan in Peder, nin aad u xoog badan. Peder diiday in ay caawiyaan plotter ah, laakiin, si kastaba ha ahaatee, habeen ee soo socota si qalad ah la seexdeen Rosamund, isagoo u qaaday, waayo, saaxiibtiis. Marka waxbarasho ee uu qalad, ayuu ku heshiiyeen in ay ka qayb qaataan dhagarta, ka baqaya cadhadii boqorka. Maalintii xigtay, Rosamund amartay agagaarka madaxtooyada si ay u sii shanqar la'aan waqtiga waxeey galabtii Alboin. Oo markuu dhinteen, seeftii buu ku xidhan yahay sariirta oo ha gacankudhiiglayaasha. Marka Alboin soo toosay, oo wuxuu arkay dilay, uu goolka seef, laakiinse isagu waxba kama dhufsan karo, sida Rosamund xidhan seefta uu sariirtiisii in. Waxa uu isku dayay in uu difaaco cagahaaga hoostooda geliyo, laakiin in ciidamada ay yihiin kuwo aan loo siman yahay, oo uu ku dhintay. Alboin waxaa lagu aasay gurigiisii oo Lombards u barooranayay maraayay.

Dilka Alboin iyo bixiyaan cabniin ah "aabihii" ahaa mawduucyo nimco miidhan, waayo, fanaaniinta.

Lombards galeen Italy ee 569 wakhti yar oo gaaban, Lombards ku guulaystay dhow oo dhan oo ah waqooyiga iyo bartamaha Italy. Cities caawiyay iska caabin Lombards ah, bililiqeystay, iyadoo magaalada la aqoonsado awoodda Lombards ah, taagnaa. In 572, ka dib go'doomintii saddex sano ah Lombards qabsadeen Pavia iyo waxa caasimadda ah ee ay gobolka ka dhigi. Pavia kaliya magaalooyinka caabiyay Lombards ah, waxaa lama ciribtiro, sidii chroniclers Dr Makumbe, oo kaliya iyada oo wax shafeeca ah rabaani ah.

Lombards leh dadka deegaanka ee guurka ha yimaado oo ha isku daraan iyaga la. Lombards The fikirradoodii naftooda oo ku saabsan in ay yihiin dadka Masiixiyiinta ah, laakiin xitaa ka hor duulaankii ee Italy galay Arianism ku dhacay, iyo dadka deegaanka ahaayeen Catholic. Popes, sidoo kale, waxaa loo yaqaan in Catholics, gaar ahaan marka la eego Lombards marnaba loo isticmaalo, iyo sharaf, ayaa muujiyay qaab naas dalalkan. Markaas dabcan waa in ay toobad keenaan oo ay noqoto Catholics fiican, laakiin Aabaha ma joojin inay u daadan.

Talaabo talaabo, gacnta Lombards isaga ugu badan ee Italy hadda ka yar, taasoo ka dhigeysa popes goobta yar ee xarunta of Jasiiradda. Waayo, maalintii of territory inoo ahaa meel dhul ah oo lagu magacaabo Vatican-ka.

boqortooyada Lombard, la yaab, dhintay ay ugu sarreysey ee ay awoodda. By markii ugu France jiray boqortooyada Charles aan, loo yaqaan Charlemagne, waxaan si fiican u yaqaan Karl Veliky. Tan iyo ciribtir ee Lombards ee Maraykanka le'daan sii si loo kordhiyo oo kaliya, Pope Adrian Waan cawdaa in Charles, kuwaas oo la sheegay in uu ahaa wax u eg saaxiibtinimo.

Si aad u noqoto si caddaalad ah, in la yidhaahdo in ay jirto qof dumar ah oo ku lug leh mar kale. Charlemagne marka hore sida haddii uu guursaday gabadhii Lombard boqorka ee la soo dhaafay. Laakiin markaas, Anigu garan maayo sababta, dib u diray inuu aabbeheed, oo wuxuu guursaday naag kale. Desiderius, Lombard boqorka ee la soo dhaafay, ka xumaadeen iyo, sida uu baxsad ka dibna macquulka ah ayaa noqday hoos si Pope ka. Oo isna wuxuu u beddelay si ay mid ka mid ah kuwaas oo mar ahaa coolest ah.

In 774 Karl Veliky burburiyo boqortooyada Lombard, iyo wax tara Crown Iron ka Lombards. taaj Tani - wax aad u cajiib ah. Waxaa la sameeyey oo ah dahab hoop 3 inji balaadhan oo lagu qurxiyey dhagaxyo qaali ah. Inside hoop dahabka ah kaalinta band cidhiidhi ah birta. Iron hoop, sida caadi ahaan la rumaysan yahay, laga sameeyey oo ciddiyahana in qodbay iskutallaabta Ciise Masiix.

Tan iyo markaas oo ilaa maantadan la joogo wax taaj oo waa la hayaa ee kaniisadda Ioanna Krestitelya in Monza, meel u dhow Milan in. noqon doonaa meelahaas, tag eegto. Tani waa taaj oo kale ah si dhab ah qadiimiga ah ee Europe. Lombard sokow boqorrada loo caleemo saaray iyo boqorada Jarmal, ka Karla Velikogo by. Oo Napoleon Bonaparte mar 1805 habayn Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga inay boqortooyada Italy.