Immunoglobulin - waxa uu yahay waxan? Immunoglobulin (falanqayn): caadi iyo weecasho

Nin ku hareereysan bakteeriyada iyo jeermiska naftiisa oo dhan. Qaar badan oo ka baxsan ku nool yihiin, ma keenaan wax dhibaato ku ah caafimaadka dadka, iyo qaar ka mid ah xitaa ka faa'iidaysan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, oo ku saabsan par leh microbes aan dhib lahayn in ay jidh bani heli kartaa galay iyo wareer ah in ka cadhaysiinina cudurada viral iyo faafa. iyaga waxaa la jiray, jidhka bini'aadamka ayaa isku dayaya in ay la dagaallamaan. Oo halkan u timid inaad immunoglobulins garoonka.

Immunoglobulin - unugyada gaar ah ku jira dhiigga iyo taageerada ay difaac. Marka la ogaado unugyada shisheeye, fayrusyada ama sheyga, kuwaas oo u taagoo difaaca bilaabaan inay iyaga uga takhalusi lahaayeen.

Waa maxay immune globulin: Features

Immunoglobulins waa qalab muhiim u ah habka difaaca jirka. Waxay leeyihiin tiro ka mid ah sifooyinka:

1. Cayimayo. Waa in ay uga takhalusi lahaayeen pathogene laftiisa si gaar ah. Iyada oo inta badan oo ka mid ah daroogada antimicrobial iyo fayruska saamayn ma aha oo kaliya in ay sun wareer, laakiin sidoo kale on unugyada jirka ee u gaarka ah.
2. Aan dhib lahayn in ay jirka ka.
3. fiirsashada A yar ee dagaalka ka dhanka ah antigen ah.
4. Mobility. Dhiig immunoglobulins yimaadaan si ay qaybta ugu fog ee unugyada jirka iyo cayayaanka.

Shaqooyinka taagoo difaaca

Immunoglobulin - protein ah in asiibi karo shaqooyin badan noolaha, kuwaas oo ah sida soo socota:

• aqoonsiga walax qalaad,
• xiga ku qabanaya in antigen iyo formation of adag difaaca;
• Protection ka dhanka dib-u-caabuq;
• burburinta views dheeri antibodies immunoglobulin idiotypic;
• diidmada unugyada ee noocyada kale, sida xubnaha transplanted.

dirka immunoglobulins

Iyadoo ku xiran kelli miisaanka, qaab-dhismeedka iyo hawlaha yihiin shan kooxood ee immunoglobulins: G (lgG), M (lgM), A (LGA), E (lgE), D (lgD).

Immunoglobulin E (lgE) laga helay plasma dhiigga ee tiro aad u yar ka. Go'an on unugyada maqaarka, xub-axaleedka, iyo basophils. Kooxdaan immunoglobulins mas'uul ka dhacdo ee dareen xaasaasi ah. Ku biirista si antigen keenaysaa in barar, pruritus, ololaya, iyo jawaab kale xasaasiyad.

Haddii IgE waa Qolol, waxaa la tilmaamaya in lays galay jidhka diiqayaa walxaha ama joogitaanka xasaasiyad u xaddi badan oo histamine. Si uu u adkeeyo ogaanshaha sax ah baaritaano ah dhiig dheeraad ah in la qabtaa waa in la ogaado antibodies gaar ah.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer, marka immunoglobulin E kordhay, waa in sidoo kale la baaro jiritaanka dulin walxaha jidhka, tus, goryaamo. Gooryaanka Kuwanu waa dulinka on the xubnaha gudaha, oo burburiyey xabka, taasoo keentay in badasho ah cell-soo-saarka protein.

Immunoglobulin M (lgM) ayaa miisaanka sare kelli, sababtoo ah waxa uusan geli karin dhiigga ilmaha inta uu horumarka dhalmada. Oo midhaha horumarisa u gaar ah. Sifowdaa ina ay kooxdan oo ah immunoglobulins marka hore ka bilaabataa ka dib markii caabuq ee jirka. Immunoglobulin M kaalin muhiim ah in geeddi-socodka ah ee ay ka saareen wakiilka sababaya ka dhiiga. Kordhi immunoglobulin M ay calaamad u tahay of caabuq daran ee jirka. Tusaale ahaan, uruureen sare ee horyaal, kuwaas oo in ka dhiiga xariga xudunta ku hadla ku saabsan asalka ah ee cudurka uurjiifka, caabuq of rubella, waraabow, ama toxoplasmosis.

Immunoglobulin G waa qadar weyn ee unugyada difaaca jirka ee dhiiga. Horumarinta bilaabmaa dhawr maalmood caabuqa gudahood ee jirka iyo ka dib markii wax soo saarka ee immunoglobulin M. badbaadiyey ee jirka muddo dheer. Tani waa nooca kaliya ee unugyada kala qaado hooyada ilmaha iyo in la abuuro difaaca dadban.

Immunoglobulin LGA yeedhay secretory sida ilaaliya neefsashada ah, kaadi mareenka iyo cudurada caloosha iyo mindhicirka. Sidoo kale waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa fayraska ku weeraraan xub-axaleedka. Waa maxay immunoglobulin D ah, oo ay tiro iyo shaqada, ilaa iyo dhamaadka ayaa weli ma ay aqoon.

Ballanta immunoglobulin falanqaynta

baaritaan dhiig si loo ogaado xaddiga immunoglobulin E waxaa loo xilsaaray in ay dhacdo neefta bronki, dermatitis hidde ah, cuntada ama xasaasiyad daroogada. pneumonia soo noqnoqonaysa, bax maqaarka, jab soo noqnoqda ee addimada, qalooca iyo hogaga tilmaamayaan cudurada hidde ka muujiyay in ay isugu soo urureen si aan caadi ahayn sare ee protein group difaaca E.

Isku dayo, waayo immunoglobulin M loo xilsaaray ogaanshaha ee caabuqyada ba'an iyo chronic ka timaato, cudurka intrauterine, hepatitis iyo cirrhosis, cudurro ka yimid dullin. Deeqdo dhiigga lafo-qadarka immunoglobulins lgG leeyihiin at ogaanshaha caabuqyada neef-soo noqnoqda iyo bakteeriyo, fayras iyo chronic hepatitis faafa, AIDS.

Falanqaynta immunoglobulin A waa soo noqnoqda meningitis, otitis, hogaga, myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma.

dalalka yari

Deficiency of kasta oo jajab antibody muujinaysaa joogitaanka deficiency difaaca. Waxay noqon kartaa mid lagu dhasho, in uu yahay, hoose iyo sare helay. Tan waxaa lagu muujiyey in cudurada soo noqnoqda iyo chronic bakteeriyada. The deficiency immunoglobulin ugu badan LGA. Waxaa lagu muujiyay in nuglaato dheeraad ah si ay u cudurada. Sababaha immunodeficiencies sare waxay noqon karaan kuwo aad u kala duwan - ka xanuunada si gaadhista cunaya in ionizing shucaaca.

Isticmaalka immunoglobulin aadanaha

Immunoglobulin - waa kaliya ma unugyada a protein, function ka ilaaliya, laakiin sidoo kale maalkii si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa in daawada. Available in laba nooc:

• xal duridda,
• budo for maamulka xididka.

immunoglobulin Human loo xilsaaray karaa daaweynta la bedelay ka:

• immunodeficiencies hoose iyo kuwa sare,
• cudurada viral iyo bakteeriyada daran;
• shalalka kala duwan;
• AIDS ee carruurta;
• ka hortagga cudurka carruurta risk.

immunoglobulin xasaasiyada si weyn u hagaajin karaa xaaladda ilmaha leh xasaasiyad noq dhawaaqaa. Magacaaban, wuxuu noqon karaa oo kaliya dhakhtar aqoon u leh.

Iyadoo qayb ka ah tallaalka ka hortagga ah waxa kale oo laga heli karaa immunoglobulin dad ama xayawaan ah. Serum loo isticmaalo dhismaha difaaca dadban. Waxaa ka mid ah in tallaalka hargabka, rubella, qumanka, jadeecada.

Daaweynta la immunoglobulins

Daaweynta la unugyada difaaca jirka waxaa lagu fuliyaa si gaar ah isbitaalka, maadaama ay jiraan tiro ka mid ah waxyeelo:

• qandho, qadhqadhyo, madax-xanuun,
• neefta oo ku qabata, qufac qalalan,
• matag, shuban, calool xanuun,
• hurdo, daciifnimo, daata, iftiinka,
• tachycardia, raaxo xabadka.

Under kormeer adag daawada dhakhtar laga yaabaa in lagu soo qoray in haweenka uurka leh iyo inta lagu jiro nuujinta.

Halkee si ay u iibsadaan dawooyinka immunoglobulin

Iibso dawo la unugyada difaaca jirka noqon kartaa farmashiyaha. Waxaa halkan ku lifaaqan Hanuuniye leh sharaxaad faahfaahsan, sababo, iyo qiyaasta. Laakiin si ay u iibsadaan, oo waxay qaadan daawada aan qoray ma loo baahan yahay. Price muruqyada dhexdooda immunoglobulin 10 fijaan oo celcelis ahaan 800-900 rubles. dhalada 25 millimeter for duridda xididdaha waa celcelis ahaan 2600 rubles. farmashiyaha ayaa sidoo kale ka soo iibsan kartaa daawooyinka ka hortagga xaaladaha degdegga ah, taas oo ka mid ah immunoglobulin aadanaha. Its qiimaha noqon doonaa inta ka sareeya, laakiin kaliya ay u baahan yihiin nin kaasoo ka dhacay in diiradda safmarka ah.

Immunoglobulin - dabiiciga ah protein globular, maqan yahay ama uu la'aan kaas oo si dhab ah u saamaysay gobolka ee jirka aadanaha. An go'doon ka plasma dhiigga, oo waa hadiyad in diyaargarowga ugu immunostimulatory.